dou (volume)

{{Short description|Unit of volume}}

Dou ({{zh|c=斗 |p=dǒu}}), called to in Japan and du in Korea, is a unit of volume in East Asia. It originated in China and later spread to Japan, Korean and other places. One dou equals 10 sheng or 1/10 dan, is 10 liters in China,{{Cite web|url=http://lis.ly.gov.tw/lghtml/lawstat/version2/01926/0192618020200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425025351/http://lis.ly.gov.tw/lghtml/lawstat/version2/01926/0192618020200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-04-25 |title=The Weights and Measures Act (1929) |publisher=Legislative Yuan |language=Chinese}}{{Cite book |last=Language Institute |first=Chinese Academy of Social Sciences |script-title= zh:现代汉语词典 (附錄:計量單位表) | trans-title= Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (Appendix: Measure units) |publisher=Commercial Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-7-100-12450-8 |edition=7th |location=Beijing |language=zh|page=1790}} 18.039 liters in Japan and 18 liters in Korea.{{sfnp|Kim|2007}}

Dou is one of the traditional Chinese units of measurement used to measure cereal grains, among other things.{{sfn|Language Institute|2016|p=316}}

China

class="wikitable"

|+ Table of Chinese volume units effective since 1930{{sfn|Language Institute|2016|p=316}}

Pinyin

!Character

!Relative value

!Metric value

!US value

!Imperial value

!Notes

align=center|cuō

|align=right|{{lang|zh-hant|撮}}

|align=right|{{frac|1000}}

|align=left|1 mL

|align=left|0.0338 fl oz

|align=left|0.0352 fl oz

|align=right|millilitre

align=center|sháo

|align=right|{{lang|zh-hant|勺}}

|align=right|{{frac|100}}

|align=left|10 mL

|align=left|0.3381 fl oz

|align=left|0.3520 fl oz

|align=right|centilitre

align=center|

|align=right|{{lang|zh|合}}

|align=right|{{frac|10}}

|align=left|100 mL

|align=left|3.381 fl oz

|align=left|3.520 fl oz

|align=right|decilitre

align=center|shēng

|align=right|{{lang|zh|市升}}

|align=right|1

|align=left|1 L

|align=left|2.113 pt

|align=left|1.760 pt

|align=right|litre

align=center|dǒu

|align=right|{{lang|zh|市斗}}

|align=right|10

|align=left|10 L

|align=left|21.13 pt
2.64 gal

|align=left|17.60 pt
2.20 gal

|align=right|decalitre

align=center|dàn

|align=right|{{lang|zh|市石}}

|align=right|100

|align=left|100 L

|align=left|26.41 gal

|align=left|22.0 gal

|align=right|hectolitre

Japan

class="wikitable"

|+ Table of volume units in Japan [https://books.google.com/books?id=kt9DIY1g9HYC&dq=%22conversion+coefficients+between+these+two%22&pg=PA2270 Iwata, Shigeo. "Weights and Measures in Japan"]

{{citation |ref={{harvid|UN|1955}} |title=World Weights and Measures: Handbook for Statisticians |url = https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001478405 |series=ST/STAT/SER. M/21, UN Publication No. 1955.XVII.2 |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location = New York, NY |year = 1955 }}

!colspan="2"|Unit

!rowspan="2"|Shō

!colspan="2"|Metric

!colspan="2"|US

!colspan="3"|Imperial

Romanized

!Kanji

!Exact

!Approx.

!Exact

!Approx.

!Exact

!Approx.

style="text-align: right"

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Sai

| rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|才}}

| rowspan=2 height="30pt"| {{frac|1000}}

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|1,331,000}}{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | 1.804{{nbsp}}mL

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|37,515,625|15,900,351,812,136}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd

| 29.28{{nbsp}}min

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|240,100|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | 30.47{{nbsp}}min

style="text-align: right"

| 0.1101{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}in

style="text-align: right"

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Shaku

| rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|勺}}

| rowspan=2 height="30pt"| {{frac|100}}

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|133,100}}{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | 18.04{{nbsp}}mL

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|187,578,125|7,950,175,906,068}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd

| 0.6100{{nbsp}}fl{{nbsp}}oz

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2,401,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | 0.6349{{nbsp}}fl{{nbsp}}oz

style="text-align: right"

| 1.101{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}in

style="text-align: right"

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" |

| rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|合}}

| rowspan=2 height="30pt"| {{frac|10}}

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|13,310}}{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | 180.4{{nbsp}}mL

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|937,890,625|3,975,087,953,034}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd

| 0.3812{{nbsp}}pt

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|24,010,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | 0.3174{{nbsp}}pt

style="text-align: right"

| 0.3276{{nbsp}}dry{{nbsp}}pt

style="text-align: right"

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Shō

| rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|升}}

| rowspan=2 | 1

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|1331}}{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | 1.804{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|4,689,453,125|1,987,543,976,517}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd

| 1.906{{nbsp}}qt

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|240,100,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | 1.587{{nbsp}}qt

style="text-align: right"

| 1.638{{nbsp}}dry{{nbsp}}qt

style="text-align: right"

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | To

| rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|}}

| rowspan=2 | 10

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|24,010|1331}}{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | 18.04{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|46,894,531,250|1,987,543,976,517}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd

| 4.765{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2,401,000,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | 3.968{{nbsp}}gal

style="text-align: right"

| 2.048{{nbsp}}pk

style="text-align: right"

| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Koku

| rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|石}}

| rowspan=2 | 100

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|240,100|1331}}{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | 180.4{{nbsp}}L

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|468,945,312,500|1,987,543,976,517}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd

| 47.65{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|24,010,000,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal

| rowspan=2 | 39.680{{nbsp}}gal

style="text-align: right"

| 5.119{{nbsp}}bu

colspan="13" bgcolor=#F0F0F0|Notes:

  • Approximations are rounded to four significant figures.

Korea

class="wikitable"

|+ Table of volume units in Korea{{citation |last=Kim |first=Jun Hee |contribution=Taking Measure |title=Invest Korea Journal |volume=25 |date=March 2007 |location=Seoul |publisher=Korea Trade–Investment Promotion Agency }}

{{citation |title="Weights and Measures in East Asian Studies" |url = http://www.albany.edu/eas/205/weights%20and%20measures.pdf |publisher=State University of New York |location=Albany |last=Fessley |first=Susanna |year=2009 }}

! colspan="3" |Romanization

! rowspan="2" |Korean

! rowspan="2" |English

! colspan="3" |Equivalents

RR

!McCune–Reischauer

!Other

!Doe

!Other countries

!Global

Jak

|Chak

|

|{{lang|ko|작}}({{lang|ko|勺}})

|

|{{Frac|1|100}}

|

|{{Convert|18|mL|abbr=on}}

Hop

|Hop

|

|{{lang|ko|홉}}

|

|{{Frac|1|10}}

|Ge

|{{Convert|180|mL|abbr=on}}{{efn|name=imp|The variant figures in Fessley {{sfnp|Fessley|2009|p=9}} and the UN{{harvp|UN|1955|loc=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030989050;view=1up;seq=91 III-59]}}. reports are based on the imperial measuring system.}}

Doe

|Toe

|Doi
Dwe{{sfnp|Kim|2007}}

|{{lang|ko|되}}

| rowspan="2" |Korean Peck{{sfnp|NIKH|2017}}

| rowspan="2" |1

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |{{Convert|1.8|L|abbr=on}}{{efn|imp}}

Seung

|Sŭng

|

|{{lang|ko|승}}({{lang|ko|升}})

Mal

|Mal

|

|{{lang|ko|말}}

| rowspan="2" |Korean Bushel

| rowspan="2" |10

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |{{Convert|18|L|abbr=on}}{{efn|imp}}

Du

|Tu

|

|{{lang|ko|}}({{lang|ko|}})

Seom

|Sŏm

|

|{{lang|ko|섬}}

| rowspan="3" |Korean Picul{{citation |ref={{harvid|NIKH|2017}} |year=2017 |contribution=Glossary of Korean History |title=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |contribution-url = http://esillok.history.go.kr/front/glossary/historicalTerms/HistoricalTermsList.do |url=http://esillok.history.go.kr/front/index.do |publisher=National Institute of Korean History |location=Seoul }}

| rowspan="3" |100

| rowspan="3" |Picul

| rowspan="3" |{{Convert|180|L|abbr=on}}{{efn|imp}}

Seok

|Sŏk

|Suk

|{{lang|ko|석}}({{lang|ko|石}})

Jeom

|Chŏm

|

|{{lang|ko|점}}({{lang|ko|苫}})

Sogok

|Sogok

|

|{{lang|ko|소곡}}({{lang|ko|小斛}})

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |150

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |{{Convert|270|L|abbr=on}}

Pyeongseok

|P'yŏngsŏk

|

|{{lang|ko|평석}}({{lang|ko|平石}})

Daegok

|Taegok

|

|{{lang|ko|대곡}}({{lang|ko|大斛}})

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |200

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" |{{Convert|360|L|abbr=on}}

Jeonseok

|Chŏnsŏk

|

|{{lang|ko|전석}}({{lang|ko|全石}})

For more details, please see Sheng (volume)

Words

See also

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References