dou (volume)
{{Short description|Unit of volume}}
Dou ({{zh|c=斗 |p=dǒu}}), called to in Japan and du in Korea, is a unit of volume in East Asia. It originated in China and later spread to Japan, Korean and other places. One dou equals 10 sheng or 1/10 dan, is 10 liters in China,{{Cite web|url=http://lis.ly.gov.tw/lghtml/lawstat/version2/01926/0192618020200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425025351/http://lis.ly.gov.tw/lghtml/lawstat/version2/01926/0192618020200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-04-25 |title=The Weights and Measures Act (1929) |publisher=Legislative Yuan |language=Chinese}}{{Cite book |last=Language Institute |first=Chinese Academy of Social Sciences |script-title= zh:现代汉语词典 (附錄:計量單位表) | trans-title= Contemporary Chinese Dictionary (Appendix: Measure units) |publisher=Commercial Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-7-100-12450-8 |edition=7th |location=Beijing |language=zh|page=1790}} 18.039 liters in Japan and 18 liters in Korea.{{sfnp|Kim|2007}}
Dou is one of the traditional Chinese units of measurement used to measure cereal grains, among other things.{{sfn|Language Institute|2016|p=316}}
China
class="wikitable"
|+ Table of Chinese volume units effective since 1930{{sfn|Language Institute|2016|p=316}} |
Pinyin
!Character !Relative value !Metric value !US value !Imperial value !Notes |
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align=center|cuō
|align=right|{{lang|zh-hant|撮}} |align=right|{{frac|1000}} |align=left|1 mL |align=left|0.0338 fl oz |align=left|0.0352 fl oz |align=right|millilitre |
align=center|sháo
|align=right|{{lang|zh-hant|勺}} |align=right|{{frac|100}} |align=left|10 mL |align=left|0.3381 fl oz |align=left|0.3520 fl oz |align=right|centilitre |
align=center|gě
|align=right|{{lang|zh|合}} |align=right|{{frac|10}} |align=left|100 mL |align=left|3.381 fl oz |align=left|3.520 fl oz |align=right|decilitre |
align=center|shēng
|align=right|{{lang|zh|市升}} |align=right|1 |align=left|1 L |align=left|2.113 pt |align=left|1.760 pt |align=right|litre |
align=center|dǒu
|align=right|{{lang|zh|市斗}} |align=right|10 |align=left|10 L |align=left|21.13 pt |align=left|17.60 pt |align=right|decalitre |
align=center|dàn
|align=right|{{lang|zh|市石}} |align=right|100 |align=left|100 L |align=left|26.41 gal |align=left|22.0 gal |align=right|hectolitre |
Japan
class="wikitable"
|+ Table of volume units in Japan [https://books.google.com/books?id=kt9DIY1g9HYC&dq=%22conversion+coefficients+between+these+two%22&pg=PA2270 Iwata, Shigeo. "Weights and Measures in Japan"] !colspan="2"|Unit !rowspan="2"|Shō !colspan="2"|Metric !colspan="2"|US !colspan="3"|Imperial |
Romanized
!Exact !Approx. !Exact !Approx. !Exact !Approx. |
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style="text-align: right"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Sai | rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|才}} | rowspan=2 height="30pt"| {{frac|1000}} | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|1,331,000}}{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | 1.804{{nbsp}}mL | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|37,515,625|15,900,351,812,136}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd | 29.28{{nbsp}}min | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|240,100|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | 30.47{{nbsp}}min |
style="text-align: right"
| 0.1101{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}in |
style="text-align: right"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Shaku | rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|勺}} | rowspan=2 height="30pt"| {{frac|100}} | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|133,100}}{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | 18.04{{nbsp}}mL | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|187,578,125|7,950,175,906,068}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd | 0.6100{{nbsp}}fl{{nbsp}}oz | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2,401,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | 0.6349{{nbsp}}fl{{nbsp}}oz |
style="text-align: right"
| 1.101{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}in |
style="text-align: right"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Gō | rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|合}} | rowspan=2 height="30pt"| {{frac|10}} | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|13,310}}{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | 180.4{{nbsp}}mL | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|937,890,625|3,975,087,953,034}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd | 0.3812{{nbsp}}pt | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|24,010,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | 0.3174{{nbsp}}pt |
style="text-align: right"
| 0.3276{{nbsp}}dry{{nbsp}}pt |
style="text-align: right"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Shō | rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|升}} | rowspan=2 | 1 | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2401|1331}}{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | 1.804{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|4,689,453,125|1,987,543,976,517}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd | 1.906{{nbsp}}qt | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|240,100,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | 1.587{{nbsp}}qt |
style="text-align: right"
| 1.638{{nbsp}}dry{{nbsp}}qt |
style="text-align: right"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | To | rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|斗}} | rowspan=2 | 10 | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|24,010|1331}}{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | 18.04{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|46,894,531,250|1,987,543,976,517}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd | 4.765{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|2,401,000,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | 3.968{{nbsp}}gal |
style="text-align: right"
| 2.048{{nbsp}}pk |
style="text-align: right"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Koku | rowspan=2 align="center"| {{lang|ja|石}} | rowspan=2 | 100 | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|240,100|1331}}{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | 180.4{{nbsp}}L | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|468,945,312,500|1,987,543,976,517}}{{nbsp}}cu{{nbsp}}yd | 47.65{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | {{sfrac|24,010,000,000|605,084,579}}{{nbsp}}gal | rowspan=2 | 39.680{{nbsp}}gal |
style="text-align: right"
| 5.119{{nbsp}}bu |
colspan="13" bgcolor=#F0F0F0|Notes:
|
Korea
class="wikitable"
|+ Table of volume units in Korea{{citation |last=Kim |first=Jun Hee |contribution=Taking Measure |title=Invest Korea Journal |volume=25 |date=March 2007 |location=Seoul |publisher=Korea Trade–Investment Promotion Agency }} ! colspan="3" |Romanization ! rowspan="2" |Korean ! rowspan="2" |English ! colspan="3" |Equivalents |
RR
!Other !Other countries !Global |
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Jak
|Chak | |{{lang|ko|작}}({{lang|ko|勺}}) | |{{Frac|1|100}} | |{{Convert|18|mL|abbr=on}} |
Hop
|Hop | |{{lang|ko|홉}} | |{{Frac|1|10}} |Ge |{{Convert|180|mL|abbr=on}}{{efn|name=imp|The variant figures in Fessley {{sfnp|Fessley|2009|p=9}} and the UN{{harvp|UN|1955|loc=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030989050;view=1up;seq=91 III-59]}}. reports are based on the imperial measuring system.}} |
Doe
|Toe |{{lang|ko|되}} | rowspan="2" |Korean Peck{{sfnp|NIKH|2017}} | rowspan="2" |1 | rowspan="2" | |
Seung
|Sŭng | |{{lang|ko|승}}({{lang|ko|升}}) |
Mal
|Mal | |{{lang|ko|말}} | rowspan="2" |Korean Bushel | rowspan="2" |10 | rowspan="2" | |
Du
|Tu | |{{lang|ko|두}}({{lang|ko|斗}}) |
Seom
|Sŏm | |{{lang|ko|섬}} | rowspan="3" |Korean Picul{{citation |ref={{harvid|NIKH|2017}} |year=2017 |contribution=Glossary of Korean History |title=Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty |contribution-url = http://esillok.history.go.kr/front/glossary/historicalTerms/HistoricalTermsList.do |url=http://esillok.history.go.kr/front/index.do |publisher=National Institute of Korean History |location=Seoul }} | rowspan="3" |100 | rowspan="3" |Picul |
Seok
|Sŏk |{{lang|ko|석}}({{lang|ko|石}}) |
Jeom
|Chŏm | |{{lang|ko|점}}({{lang|ko|苫}}) |
Sogok
|Sogok | |{{lang|ko|소곡}}({{lang|ko|小斛}}) | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |150 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |{{Convert|270|L|abbr=on}} |
Pyeongseok
|P'yŏngsŏk | |{{lang|ko|평석}}({{lang|ko|平石}}) |
Daegok
|Taegok | |{{lang|ko|대곡}}({{lang|ko|大斛}}) | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |200 | rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |{{Convert|360|L|abbr=on}} |
Jeonseok
|Chŏnsŏk | |{{lang|ko|전석}}({{lang|ko|全石}}) |
For more details, please see Sheng (volume)
Words
See also
Notes
{{Notelist}}