halazepam

{{Drugbox

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 461743655

| IUPAC_name = 7-chloro-5-phenyl-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one

| image = Halazepam.svg

| image_class = skin-invert-image

| width = 170

| image2 = Halazepam3d.png

| image_class2 = bg-transparent

| width2 = 150

| tradename =

| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|CONS|halazepam}}

| MedlinePlus = a684001

| pregnancy_category = ?

| legal_BR = B1

| legal_BR_comment = {{Cite web |author=Anvisa |author-link=Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency |date=2023-03-31 |title=RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial |trans-title=Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control|url=https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/resolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803143925/https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/resolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992 |archive-date=2023-08-03 |access-date=2023-08-16 |publisher=Diário Oficial da União |language=pt-BR |publication-date=2023-04-04}}

| legal_CA = Schedule IV

| legal_DE = Rx-only/Anlage III

| legal_US = Schedule IV

| routes_of_administration = Oral

| bioavailability =

| metabolism = Hepatic

| elimination_half-life = 14 hours (halazepam), 50–100 hours (metabolites).

| excretion = Renal

| IUPHAR_ligand = 7195

| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CAS_number = 23092-17-3

| ATC_prefix = N05

| ATC_suffix = BA13

| PubChem = 31640

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}

| DrugBank = DB00801

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 29343

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 320YC168LF

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}

| KEGG = D00338

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEMBL = 970

| C=17 | H=12 | Cl=1 | F=3 | N=2 | O=1

| smiles = FC(F)(CN1C(CN=C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=C1C=CC(Cl)=C3)=O)F

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C17H12ClF3N2O/c18-12-6-7-14-13(8-12)16(11-4-2-1-3-5-11)22-9-15(24)23(14)10-17(19,20)21/h1-8H,9-10H2

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = WYCLKVQLVUQKNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| synonyms = 9-chloro-6-phenyl-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-5,8,10,12-tetraen-3-one

}}

Halazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative that was marketed under the brand names Paxipam in the United States, Alapryl in Spain,{{cite web|title=Alapryl|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/alapryl.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=December 11, 2014}} and Pacinone in Portugal.{{cite web|title=Pacinone|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/pacinone.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=December 11, 2014}}

Medical uses

Halazepam was used for the treatment of anxiety.

Adverse effects

Adverse effects include drowsiness, confusion, dizziness, and sedation. Gastrointestinal side effects have also been reported including dry mouth and nausea.

==Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics==

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were listed in Current Psychotherapeutic Drugs published on June 15, 1998 as follows:{{cite book| veditors = Quitkin FM, etal | vauthors = Sellers EM | chapter = Antianxiety agents: benzodiazepine derivatives |title = Current Psychotherapeutic Drugs |date=1998|publisher=American Psychiatric Press|location=Washington|isbn=978-0-88048-994-2 |page=166|edition=2nd}}

class="wikitable"
Onset of action	Intermediate to slow
Plasma half life	14 hr for parent drug and 30-100 hr for its metabolite
Peak plasma levels	1-3 hr for parent drug and 3-6 hf for its metabolite
Metabolism	Metabolized into desmethyldiazepam and 3-hydroxyhalazepam (in the liver)
Excretion	Excreted through kidneys
Protein binding	98% bound to plasma protein

Regulatory Information

Halazepam is classified as a schedule 4 controlled substance with a corresponding code 2762 by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).{{cite web|title=SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES|url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2012-title21-vol9/xml/CFR-2012-title21-vol9-part1308.xml|publisher=Code of Federal Regulations|access-date=December 12, 2014|pages=§ 1308.14 Schedule IV|date=2012-04-01}}

Commercial production

Halazepam was invented by Schlesinger Walter in the U.S. It was marketed as an anti-anxiety agent in 1981. However, Halazepam is not commercially available in the United States because it was withdrawn by its manufacturer for poor sales.{{cite web|title=halazepam|url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/halazepam.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=December 11, 2014}}