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heldentenor

{{short description|Tenor voice type}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}

File:Joseph Albert - Ludwig und Malwine Schnorr von Carolsfeld - Tristan und Isolde, 1865f.jpg and his wife, Malvina, in the title roles of Tristan und Isolde, 1865.]]

A heldentenor ({{IPA|de|ˈhɛl.dn̩.teˌnoːɐ̯|lang|De-Heldentenor.ogg}}; English: heroic tenor),{{cite book |last=Silcox |first=Nancy |title=Paul Frey: A Story Never Predicted: from Trucking to the World Opera Stage |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wwLtDwAAQBAJ |publisher=Wipf & Stock |location=Eugene, OR |page=93 |date=2020 |isbn=978-1-7252-6165-5 |access-date=18 August 2022}}{{cite book |last=Douglas |first=Nigel |title=More Legendary Voices |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zbiyIzJDo38C |publisher=Limelight Editions |location=Lanham, MD |page=157 |date=1995 |isbn=978-0-87910-193-0 |access-date=19 August 2022}} earlier called tenorbariton, is an operatic tenor voice, most often associated with Wagnerian repertoire.{{cite book |last=Berger |first=William |author-link=William Berger (author) |title=Wagner Without Fear: Learning to Love—and Even Enjoy—Opera's Most Demanding Genius |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DTaODQAAQBAJ |publisher=Vintage Books |location=New York City |page=435 |date=1998 |isbn=978-0-375-70054-5 |access-date=25 August 2022}}{{cite web |last=Howlett |first=Niel |author-link=Neil Howlett |title=What is a Heldentenor? |url=https://neilhowlett.com/articles/what-is-a-heldentenor/ |website=NielHowlett.com |date=2010 |access-date=25 August 2022}}{{cite book |last=Hoffman |first=Miles |title=The NPR Classical Music Companion: An Essential Guide for Enlightened Listening |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e6GcPB5v0yIC |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |location=Boston |page=272 |date=2005 |isbn=978-0-618-61945-0 |access-date=25 August 2022}}

It is distinct from other tenor fächer by its endurance,{{cite news |last=Wakin |first=Daniel J. |title=Heldentenor Foundation Is Closing Shop |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/18/arts/18arts-HELDENTENORF_BRF.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=2010}}{{cite book |last=Gaetano |first=John Louis |title=An Invitation to the Opera, Revised Edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tcz-CgAAQBAJ |publisher=McFarland & Company |location=Jefferson, NC |page=54 |date=2015 |isbn=978-0-7864-9519-1 |access-date=25 August 2022}} volume,{{cite book |last=Fisher |first=Burton D. |title=A History of Opera: Milestones and Metamorphoses |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k-aP0T3succC |publisher=Opera Journeys Publishing |location=Miami |page=419 |date=2005 |isbn=978-1-930841-98-7 |access-date=25 August 2022}}{{cite book |last=Shirley |first=Hugo |title=30-Second Opera: The 50 Crucial Concepts, Roles and Performers, Each Explained in Half a Minute |chapter=Voices: Glossary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CxgSEAAAQBAJ |publisher=Ivy Press |location=London |date=2015 |isbn=978-1-78240-299-2 |access-date=25 August 2022}} and dark timbre, which may be, in its middle register, like that of a baritone.{{cite book |author1-last=Benninger |author1-first=Michael S. |author2-last=Murry |author2-first=Thomas |author3-last=Johns III |author3-first=Michael M. |title=The Performer's Voice |edition=2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SyQqCgAAQBAJ |publisher=Plural Publishing |location=San Diego, California |page=433 |date=2015 |isbn=978-1-59756-882-1 |access-date=25 August 2022}} The voice may also sound clear or metallic.{{cite web |last=Suverkrop |first=Bard |title=The Fach System: The Tenor Voice |url=https://www.ipasource.com/the-fach-system-the-tenor-voice/ |website=IPASource.com |date=2017 |access-date=25 August 2022}} It is one of the rarest voice types in opera.{{cite book |last=Ware |first=Clifton |title=Basics of Vocal Pedagogy: The Foundations and Process of Singing |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oZgYAQAAIAAJ |publisher=McGraw Hill Education |location=New York City |page=193 |date=1998 |isbn=978-0-07-068289-4 |access-date=25 August 2022}}{{cite encyclopedia |last=Felix |first=Stanford |title=Heldentenor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lJ_Ql1fOCuwC |publisher=DK |location=London |date=2010 |isbn=978-1-101-19809-4 |access-date=25 August 2022}} Heldentenor roles, such as the title roles in Siegfried and Lohengrin, often require commanding stage presence and strong acting ability. In some cases, due to reasons such as voice misidentification, singers may begin their careers as baritones before later transitioning.{{cite book |last=Boldrey |first=Richard |title=Guide to Operatic Roles and Arias |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mVcYAAAAIAAJ |publisher=Caldwell |page=29 |date=1994 |isbn=978-1-877761-64-5 |access-date=18 August 2022}}{{cite book |editor1-last=Grimm |editor1-first=Reinhold |editor2-last=Hermand |editor2-first=Jost |author-last=Weiner |author-first=Marc A. |title=Re-Reading Wagner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u2hWii55O1UC |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |page=96 |date=1993 |isbn=978-0-299-97076-5 |access-date=18 August 2022}}{{cite encyclopedia |last=Hoch |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Hoch |title=Heldentenor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1Y1_AwAAQBAJ |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |location=Lanham, MD |page=79 |date=2014 |isbn=978-0-8108-8656-8 |access-date=18 August 2022}} The term heldentenor may be used to refer to both a singer and their voice.

The treble counterpart of the heldentenor is the Wagnerian soprano.{{cite book |last=Thielemann |first=Christian |author-link=Christian Thielemann |title=My Life with Wagner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8d4WCAAAQBAJ |publisher=Orion Publishing |location=London |chapter=(6) Money or Love: Wagner for Beginners |date=2015 |isbn=978-0-297-60856-1 |access-date=18 August 2022}}{{cite encyclopedia |last=Jackson |first=Roland |title=Voice Types |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QaW0AQAAQBAJ |publisher=Routledge |location=Oxfordshire |page=459 |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-136-76770-8 |access-date=18 August 2022}}{{cite book |last=Kelly |first=Thomas Forrest |author-link=Thomas Forrest Kelly |title=First Nights at the Opera |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fDi45VGTjowC |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=231 |date=2006 |isbn=978-0-300-11526-0 |access-date=18 August 2022}}

File:Tenor B to C.svg from approximately (B2) to (C5)]]

Roles

The following roles are in the standard heldentenor repertoire:

= [[Richard Wagner]] =

  • Lohengrin, Lohengrin
  • Parsifal, Parsifal{{harvnb|McGinnis|2010|page=258}}
  • Rienzi, Rienzi{{cite book |last=Bickel |first=Jan E. |title=Vocal Technique: A Physiologic Approach |edition=2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ohJbDwAAQBAJ |publisher=Plural Publishing |location=San Diego, California |page=86 |date=2016 |isbn=978-1-944883-34-8 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Siegfried, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung
  • Siegmund, Die Walküre{{harvnb|McGinnis|2010|page=258}}
  • Tannhäuser, Tannhäuser
  • Tristan, Tristan und Isolde
  • Walther von Stolzing, Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg{{harvnb|McGinnis|2010|page=258}}

= [[Richard Strauss]] =

  • Aegisth, Elektra{{cite book |last=Krause |first=Ernst |author-link=Ernst Krause (musicologist) |title=Richard Strauss: The Man and his Work |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YYLKhf7-SE4C |publisher=Crescendo Publishing Company |location=Boston |page=517 |date=1969 |isbn=978-0-87597-024-0 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Apollo, Daphne{{cite book |editor-last=Gilliam |editor-first=Bryan |title=Richard Strauss and His World |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YYLKhf7-SE4C |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, NJ |page=169 |date=1992 |isbn=978-0-691-02762-3 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Bacchus, Ariadne auf Naxos{{cite book |last=McGinnis |first=Pearl Yeadon |title=The Opera Singer's Career Guide: Understanding the European Fach System |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lgjl9xrWwE8C |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham, MD |page=35 |date=2010 |isbn=978-0-8108-6916-5 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Guntram, Guntram
  • Herodes, Salome{{cite book |last=Krause |first=Ernst |author-link=Ernst Krause (musicologist) |title=Richard Strauss: Gestalt und Werk |trans-title=Richard Strauss: Person and Work |language=German |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TGJeEutAFSkC |publisher=Breitkopf & Härtel |location=Wiesbaden, Germany |page=532 |date=1963 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Der Kaiser (The Emperor), Die Frau ohne Schatten
  • Menelaus, Die ägyptische Helena{{harvnb|Krause|1969|page=522}}

= Other =

Example singers

{{Listen

| filename = In fernem Land - Hermann Jadlowker.ogg

| title = "In fernem Land"

| description = Lohengrin's grail aria, performed by Latvian tenor Hermann Jadlowker, 1912.

}}

{{see also|Category:Heldentenors}}

= Germany =

  • Ludwig Schnorr von Carolsfeld
  • Peter Hofmann{{cite news |last=Fox |first=Margalit |author-link=Margalit Fox |title=Peter Hofmann, Singer of Rock, Opera and Musicals, Dies at 66 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/01/arts/music/01hofmann.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=2010 |access-date=August 25, 2022}}
  • Siegfried Jerusalem
  • Heinrich Knote{{cite NewGrove1980 |title=Knote, Heinrich |last1=Klein |first1=Herman |last2=Shawe-Taylor |first2=Desmond |volume=10 |page=126}}
  • René Kollo{{cite book |last=Matheopoulos |first=Helena |author-link=Helena Matheopoulos |title=Divo: Great Tenors, Baritones, and Basses Discuss Their Roles |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mBsXAQAAIAAJ |publisher=Harper & Row |location=New York City |page=94 |date=1986 |isbn=978-0-06-015634-3 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Max Lorenz{{cite book |last=Ross |first=Alex |author-link=Alex Ross (music critic) |title=Wagnerism: Art and Politics in the Shadow of Music |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aTfQDwAAQBAJ |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |location=New York City |chapter=Siegfried's Death |date=2020 |isbn=978-1-4299-4454-0 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Albert Niemann
  • Johannes Sembach{{cite book |editor1-last=Cowgill |editor1-first=Rachel |editor2-last=Poriss |editor2-first=Hilary |author-last=Calico |author-first=Joy H. |author-link=Joy H. Calico |title=The Arts of the Prima Donna in the Long Nineteenth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ed7QCwAAQBAJ |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |page=71 |date=2012 |isbn=978-0-19-971083-6 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Georg Unger
  • Wolfgang Windgassen{{cite news |last=Nilsson |first=Birgit |author-link=Birgit Nilsson |title=Wolfgang Windgassen: A Leading Heldentenor Remembered |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/10/06/archives/wolfgang-windgassen-a-leading-heldentenor-remembered.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=1974 |access-date=24 August 2022}}

= Northern, Central, and Western Europe =

  • Karel Burian{{cite book |editor-last=Macy |editor-first=Laura Williams |author-last=Shawe-Taylor |author-first=Desmond |author-link=Desmond Shawe-Taylor |title=Burian, Karel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N0zthpCZuAUC |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, England |page=64 |date=2008 |isbn=978-0-19-533765-5 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Lauritz Melchior
  • Karl Aagaard Østvig{{cite encyclopedia |last=Mesa |first=Franklin |title=Opera: An Encyclopedia of World Premieres and Significant Performances, Singers, Composers, Librettists, Arias and Conductors, 1597–2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HyUkCQAAQBAJ |publisher=McFarland & Company |location=Jefferson, NC |page=401 |date=2015 |isbn=978-1-4766-0537-1 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Jean de Reszke
  • Erik Schmedes{{cite book |editor1-last=La Grange |editor1-first=Henry-Louis de |editor1-link=Henry-Louis de La Grange |editor2-last=Weiß |editor2-first=Günther |editor2-link=:de:Günther Weiß (Musikwissenschaftler) |title=Gustav Mahler: Letters to His Wife |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pf7hjhOpx28C |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, NY |page=24 |date=2004 |isbn=978-0-8014-4340-4 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Leo Slezak
  • Set Svanholm{{cite book |editor1-last=McPherson |editor1-first=Gary E. |editor1-link=Gary E. McPherson |editor2-last=Welch |editor2-first=Graham F. |author1-last=Callaghan |author1-first=Jean |author2-last=Emmons |author2-first=Shirlee |author2-link=Shirlee Emmons |author3-last=Popeil |author3-first=Lisa |author3-link=Lisa Popeil |title=The Oxford Handbook of Music Education |volume=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=53-q3E1HF18C |page=571 |date=2012 |publisher=Oup USA |isbn=978-0-19-973081-0 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Josef Tichatschek
  • Jacques Urlus{{cite book |last=Marek |first=Dan |author-link=:sv:Dan Marek |title=Singing: The First Art |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TQ-DX4CyHYgC |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham, MD |pages=39–40 |date=2007 |isbn=978-0-8108-5711-7 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Christopher Ventris{{cite book |last=Brug |first=Manuel |title=Die neuen Sängerstimmen: von Cecilia Bertoli bis Bryn Terfel; mit ausführlichen Lexikonteil |trans-title=The New Singer Voices: from Cecilia Bertoli to Bryn Terfel; with Detailed Encyclopedia |language=German |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BwYYAQAAIAAJ |publisher=Henschel |page=130 |date=2003 |isbn=978-3-89487-452-0 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Walter Widdop{{cite book |editor-last=Evans |editor-first=John |title=Journeying Boy: The Diaries of the Young Benjamin Britten 1928-1938 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GDm5pSp-YMYC |publisher=Faber & Faber |location=London |page=549 |date=2010 |isbn=978-0-571-27464-2 |access-date=25 August 2022}}

= North and South America =

  • Richard Cassilly{{cite news |last=Feinman |first=Barbara |title=The Hero Tenor |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1983/05/15/the-hero-tenor/bfb880f7-671a-4178-8b24-d71e99712f7f/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=1983 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Stephen Gould{{cite web |last=Brug |first=Manuel| title=Heldentenor Stephen Gould †: Der Iron Man vom Grünen Hügel | website=Die Welt | date=22 September 2023 | url=https://www.welt.de/kultur/article247591960/Heldentenor-Stephen-Gould-Der-Iron-Man-vom-Gruenen-Huegel.html | language=de | access-date=22 September 2023}}
  • Ben Heppner{{cite book |last=Libbey |first=Ted |title=The NPR Listener's Encyclopedia of Classical Music |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lE8R56pksxEC |publisher=Workman |location=New York City |page=864 |date=2006 |isbn=978-0-7611-2072-8 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • James King{{cite news |last=Saxon |first=Wolfgang |title=James King, 80, Tenor Known for Strauss and Wagner, Dies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/24/arts/music/james-king-80-tenor-known-for-strauss-and-wagner-dies.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=2005 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Gary Lakes{{cite book |last=Stohrer |first=Sharon L. |title=The Singer's Companion |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xG24AwAAQBAJ |publisher=Taylor & Francis |location=Milton Park, Oxfordshire, UK |page=74 |date=2014 |isbn=978-1-317-95817-8 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Robert Dean Smith{{cite web |title=Robert Dean Smith sings Wagner |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/robert-dean-smith-sings-wagner |website=Gramophone.co.uk |publisher=Mark Allen Group |location=London |date=2001 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Jon Vickers{{cite news |last=Tommassini |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Tommasini |title=Jon Vickers, Opera Star Known for His Raw Power and Intensity, Dies at 88 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/13/arts/music/jon-vickers-opera-star-known-for-his-raw-power-and-intensity-dies-at-88.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City |date=2015 |access-date=24 August 2022}}
  • Ramon Vinay{{cite book |last=Bartolucci |first=Davide |title=Männerarten: La prassi esecutiva del Ring nella Neu-Bayreuth (1951–1975) |trans-title= Männerarten: The Performance Practice of the Ring in Neu-Bayreuth (1951–1975) |language=Italian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TnfQDwAAQBAJ |publisher=Piccoli Giganti Ediztioni |location=Milan |page=191 |date=2014 |isbn=978-88-905867-4-3 |access-date=25 August 2022}}
  • Jon Fredric West

References

{{Reflist}}

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Category:Opera terminology

Category:Richard Wagner

Category:Voice types