iridovirus
{{Short description|Genus of viruses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Virusbox
| image = File:Iridovirus virion.jpg
| image_caption = Schematic drawings of Iridovirus virions
| image2 = File:Blue roly-poly with virus.jpg
| image2_caption = Armadillidium vulgare symptomatic of Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 (above) among individuals with typical colouration (below)
| taxon = Iridovirus
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}
Iridovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Iridoviridae.{{cite web|title=Iridoviridae|url=https://ictv.global/report/chapter/iridoviridae/iridoviridae|website=ICTV Online (10th) Report|language=en}} Arthropods serve as natural hosts. Currently, only two species are placed in this genus. Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (IIV-6) was recognised as the type species until such a designation was abolished. IIV-6 is hosted by mosquitos and usually causes covert (inapparent) infection that reduces fitness.{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/581.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=15 June 2015}} The other species Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 (IIV-31) is hosted by isopods and causes patent (apparent) infection characterised by blue to bluish-purple iridescence and a shortened lifespan.
Taxonomy
The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:{{cite web|title=Virus Taxonomy: 2024 Release|url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy|publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|access-date=23 March 2025}}
- Iridovirus armadillidium1, Invertebrate iridescent virus 31
- Iridovirus chilo1, Invertebrate iridescent virus 6
Former species Invertebrate iridescent virus 1 (IIV-1) has been removed from Iridovirus. Its current status is a tentative member of Chloriridovirus.ICTV: [https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2018.007D.A.v1.Iridoviridae_8sp3sprem.zip ICTV Taxonomy history: Invertebrate iridescent virus 1 (ZIP)]
Structure
Viruses in Iridovirus are enveloped, with icosahedral and polyhedral geometries, and T=147 symmetry. Their diameter is around 185 nm. Genomes are linear, around 213 kb in length. The genome codes for 211 proteins.
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" | ||||
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iridovirus | Polyhedral | T=147 | Linear | Monopartite |
Life cycle
Viral replication is nucleocytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Invertebrates serve as their natural hosts.
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" | |||||||
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iridovirus | Arthropods | None | Cell receptor endocytosis | Lysis; budding | Nucleus | Cytoplasm | Contact |
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikispecies}}
- [https://ictv.global/report/chapter/iridoviridae/iridoviridae ICTV Online (10th) Report: Iridoviridae]
- [http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/581.html Viralzone: Iridovirus]
{{Baltimore classification}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q18819341}}