lighthouse keeper

Historically, lighthouse keepers were needed to trim the wicks, replenish fuel, wind clockworks and perform maintenance tasks such as cleaning lenses and windows. They were also responsible for the fog signal and the weather station, and played a major role in search and rescue at sea.{{Cite web|url=http://www.nmm.pl/balticlights/LifeAtTheLights.html|title=Life at the Lights|date=2020|website=Baltic Lights|publisher=Polish Maritime Museum|access-date=March 24, 2020}}

Because most lighthouses are located in remote, isolated or inaccessible areas on islands and coastlines, it was typical for the work of lighthouse keeper to remain within a family, passing from parents to child, all of whom lived in or near the lighthouse itself. "Stag light" was an unofficial term given to some isolated lighthouses in the United States Lighthouse Service. It meant stations that were operated solely by men, rather than accommodating keepers and their families.{{cite web|url=http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/lists/glossary.htm|title=Seeing The Light – A Glossary of Lighthouse Terminology|website=www.terrypepper.com|access-date=13 February 2018}}{{Cite book|last=Snow|first=Edward Rowe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iLYbkU6xfJEC&pg=PA48|title=The Lighthouses of New England|date=1945|publisher=Applewood Books|isbn=9781933212203|pages=48|language=en}}{{Cite book|last=Caldwell|first=Bill|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=02hVBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA205|title=Lighthouses of Maine|date=2002-01-01|publisher=Down East Books|isbn=9781461744702|pages=205|language=en}}

Electrification and other technological advancements such as remote monitoring and automatic bulb changing began to appear in the 1960s and over the course of the late 20th century made paid resident keepers at the lights unnecessary in certain areas, while simply altering their responsibilities elsewhere. Those who continue to work as lighthouse keepers today perform building maintenance, repair work to broken and blind buoys, geographic realignment of wayward navigational aids off the coast, and technical maintenance on automated systems. In most countries, the training of lighthouse keepers falls within the jurisdiction of the Navy or Coast guard.{{Cite web|url=https://www.marinha.mil.br/camr/?q=O%20Faroleiro|title=O Faroleiro|date=March 12, 2020|website=Marinha do Brasil|access-date=March 12, 2020}} In the US, periodic maintenance of the lights is now performed by visiting Coast Guard Aids to Navigation teams.

George Worthylake served as the first lighthouse keeper in the United States. He served at Boston Harbor Lighthouse from 1716 until his death in 1718.U.S. Coast Guard, "Light Station Boston," Last modified on January 12, 2016, http://www.uscg.mil/history/stations/Lights/Boston/BostonLHindex.asp. In 1776, Hannah Thomas became the first female lighthouse keeper in the United States when she became keeper of Plymouth (Gurnet) Lighthouse in Massachusetts following the death of her husband, John Thomas. Both Hannah and her husband received $200 per year for their service.Clifford, Mary Louise and J. Candace Clifford, "Women Who Kept the Lights: An Illustrated History of Female Lighthouse Keepers," Williamsburg: Cypress Communications, 2013; U.S. Coast Guard, "Historic Light Station Information and Photography, Massachusetts," Last modified on January 12, 2016, http://www.uscg.mil/history/weblighthouses/LHMA.asp;

A famous example of a named individual in a formal capacity as a lighthouse keeper was William, a member of the now famous Knott family, who was appointed to the South Foreland lighthouse near Dover, England, in 1730.David Alan Stevenson, The World's Lighthouses before 1820, Oxford University Press, 1959, p. 103. Genealogical research has now shown the keeper's name as William – not Henry – Knott, as stated in the reference.

File:'The Lighthouse at the End of the World' by George Roux 01.jpg by Jules Verne and Michel Verne, one of several fictional depictions (books and films) of the lives of lighthouse keepers.]]

According to Fisheries and Oceans Canada, there are 51 staffed lighthouses left in Canada, as of October 2017: one in New Brunswick, 23 in Newfoundland and Labrador, and 27 in British Columbia. All of these lighthouses are staffed for operational reasons, except for the light on Machias Seal Island.{{cite web |title=Lighthouses in Canada |url=http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/otw-am/lighthouses-phares/canada-eng.html#5 |website=Fisheries and Oceans Canada |date=8 September 2017 |publisher=Government of Canada |access-date=January 7, 2019}} This lighthouse, manned by the Canadian Coast Guard, is kept occupied for sovereignty purposes due to the disputed status of the island with the US.{{cite thesis |type=MA |last=Schmidt|first=Paul B.|date=1991 |title=Machias Seal Island: A Geopolitical Anomaly |publisher=University of Vermont, Department of Geography|url=http://primo.uvm.edu/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=UVM_VOYAGER596418&context=L&vid=UVM&search_scope=uvm_voyager&tab=default_tab&lang=en_US}} The Coast Guard further clarified in 2022 that there are 90 people employed as lighthouse keepers across the country, all of whom are considered to be employees of the federal government, and 54 of whom operate out of British Columbia.{{Cite news |last=McArthur |first=Liz |date=October 22, 2022 |title=B.C. lighthouse keeper forced to take 500-km trip for heart surgery after evacuation in heavy fog |work=CBC News |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/lighthouse-keeper-medical-emergency-evacuation-cape-scott-bc-1.6614259 |access-date=October 22, 2022}}

The last civilian keeper in the United States, Frank Schubert, died in 2003. The last officially manned lighthouse, Boston Light, was manned by the Coast Guard until 1998. It now has volunteer Coast Guard Auxiliary "keepers" whose primary role is to serve as interpretive tour guides for visitors.The Lighthouse Encyclopedia, The Definitive Reference, Jones, Ray; 2003. Guilford, Conn.: Globe Pequot. {{ISBN|0-7627-2735-7}}

The lighthouses of Mexico are managed by the General Directorate for Ports and Merchant Marine, a government agency within the larger Secretariat of Communications and Transportation. Automation is not as common in Mexico as in other countries and many of the larger lights are therefore still staffed by resident civilian keepers.{{Cite rowlett|mxy|date=September 21, 2018|accessdate=January 8, 2019}}

The first lighthouse in Brazil is recorded to have been lit in 1698 in Santo Antonio, Bahia province, and they maintain a rich lighthouse keeping tradition.{{Cite web|url=https://www.marinha.mil.br/camr/?q=quem_somos|title=O Centro de Auxílios à Navegação Almirante Moraes Rego|date=March 12, 2020|website=Marinha do Brasil|access-date=March 12, 2020}} Of the 200 active lighthouses still maintained by the Navigational Aid Center, 33 are staffed, as of March 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://www.marinha.mil.br/camr/?q=controle-de-sinais|title=Auxílios à Navegação|date=March 12, 2020|website=Marinha do Brasil|access-date=March 12, 2020}}

As of 2013, the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) listed 650 lighthouses in Chile and approximately 20 of those were inhabited as of 2003. The southernmost lighthouse in the world, located on the northeast coast of Isla Gonzalo, in the Diego Ramirez Islands, remains a continuously staffed lighthouse and meteorological station administered by the Chilean Navy. In October 2017, the lighthouse keeper Marcelo Escobar had to be airlifted to Punta Arenas after he suffered a broken arm.{{cite web |title=Chilean Navy airlifts lighthouse keeper |url=https://www.airmedandrescue.com/story/2545 |website=Air, Med & Rescue Magazine |publisher=Voyageur Group Publishing |access-date=January 8, 2019 |date=November 1, 2017}}

Sweden began systematically automating their lighthouses as early as the 1930s. Their transformation was so efficient that of the over 100 inhabited lighthouses operating at the start of the 20th century, only nine remained by the year 1980, and only three remained staffed into the 21st century:{{Cite web|url=https://fyr.org/wiki/index.php/Fyrkarta|title=Fyrkarta|website=Swedish Lighthouse Society|access-date=March 15, 2020}} Kullen Lighthouse, the oldest lighthouse in Scandinavia, was automated in 2003, having been only inhabited periodically since 1996, and then with the retirement of Lighthouse Master Per-Erik Broström on February 25, 2003, Holmögadd lighthouse on the southern end of Holmöarna, became Sweden's final inhabited lighthouse.{{Cite web|url=https://fyr.org/fyrpersonal/person.html?pid=3729|title=Lighthouse Keepers' Registry: Broström, Per Erik Gusten|date=March 15, 2020|website=Swedish Lighthouse Society|access-date=March 15, 2020}} Holmögadd lighthouse was decommissioned five years later.{{Cite web|url=https://fyr.org/fyrpersonal/fyrplats/fyrskepp.html&lid=204|title=Lighthouse Registry: Holmögadd|date=March 15, 2020|website=Swedish Lighthouse Society|access-date=March 15, 2020}}

The last manned lighthouse in Finland was deserted in 1987,[http://www.helsinki.fi/hub/articles/?article=203 A world of your own on a lighthouse island] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052338/http://www.helsinki.fi/hub/articles/?article=203|date=2016-03-04}} and the last Norwegian lighthouse keeper moved out of Runde Lighthouse in 2002.[http://www.bestnorwegian.com/runde.html Runde]

Most French lighthouses are automated, though approximately a dozen were still staffed as of 2011.[http://www0.planete-tp.equipement.gouv.fr/en/IMG/pdf/38_cle79dd73.pdf French Department of Public Works] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720231800/http://www0.planete-tp.equipement.gouv.fr/en/IMG/pdf/38_cle79dd73.pdf|date=2011-07-20}} The French Department of Lighthouses and Beacons recommends that at least two isolated lighthouses at sea remain staffed regularly, if not constantly, for the benefit of training personnel in the work of maritime signal maintenance and safety.

As of 2011, there were also 62 staffed lighthouses in Italy{{Cite web|url=http://lighthousememories.ca/tag/manned/|title=Lighthouse memories|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120724181722/http://lighthousememories.ca/tag/manned/|archive-date=2012-07-24|access-date=2012-02-14}} and two staffed lights in the Netherlands – one at Schiermonnikoog and the other on the island of Terschelling.{{Cite web|url=http://www.seaonscreen.org/vleet/index-eng.php?item=sea&pageid=schier-lighthouses.htm&use_template=vleet_template.html|title=Seaonscreen {{!}} marine encyclopedia|date=2011-09-16|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916011403/http://www.seaonscreen.org/vleet/index-eng.php?item=sea&pageid=schier-lighthouses.htm&use_template=vleet_template.html|archive-date=2011-09-16|access-date=2020-03-15}}{{Cite web|url=http://kajakwoerden.blogspot.com/2011/01/indispensible-eye-of-lighthouse-keeper.html|title=Kajaksport op groot water: The indispensable eye of the lighthouse keeper...|last=Heupink|first=Hans|date=2011-01-07|website=Kajaksport op groot water|access-date=2020-03-15}}

The last lighthouse keeper in Iceland was terminated in 2010.{{Cite web|url=http://grapevine.is/Home/ReadArticle/News-Last-Lighthouse-Keeper-in-Iceland-Evicted|title=Last lighthouse keeper in Iceland evicted|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708130343/http://grapevine.is/Home/ReadArticle/News-Last-Lighthouse-Keeper-in-Iceland-Evicted|archive-date=2012-07-08|access-date=2012-02-13}}

Automation of lighthouses in the Britain and Ireland began in the late 1960s, but the majority of lighthouses remained staffed by resident keepers until the 1980s and 1990s. On the Isle of Man, the final lighthouses to become automated and therefore lose their keepers were the Calf of Man and Langness lighthouses, which were converted in 1995 and 1996 respectively.{{cite web |title=Calf of Man Lighthouse |url=https://www.nlb.org.uk/LighthouseLibrary/Lighthouse/Calf-of-Man/ |website=Lighthouse Library |publisher=Northern Lighthouse Board |access-date=January 8, 2019 |archive-date=January 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109062657/https://www.nlb.org.uk/LighthouseLibrary/Lighthouse/Calf-of-Man/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |title=Langness Lighthouse |url=https://www.nlb.org.uk/LighthouseLibrary/Lighthouse/Langness/ |website=Lighthouse Library |publisher=Northern Lighthouse Board |access-date=January 8, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624180008/http://www.nlb.org.uk/LighthouseLibrary/Lighthouse/Langness/ |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |url-status=dead }} The Langness Lighthouse was purchased in 2008 by British television personality Jeremy Clarkson, and his ex-wife currently operates the property as tourist accommodations.{{cite web |last1=Darbyshire |first1=Adrian |title=Militant dog-walkers' 'targeted campaign' |url=http://www.iomtoday.co.im/article.cfm?id=40692&headline=Militant%20dog%20walkers%27%20%27targeted%20campaign%27§ionIs=news&searchyear=2018 |website=Isle of Man Today |publisher=Tindle Newspapers Ltd. |access-date=January 8, 2019 |date=May 25, 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

The Hook Head Lighthouse, at the eastern entrance to Ireland's Waterford Harbour, is the second oldest operating lighthouse in the world. It was manned continuously from at least 1207 until 1996, when it was finally automated.{{cite web |title=Our History |url=https://www.irishlights.ie/who-we-are/our-history.aspx |website=Commissioners of Irish Lights |access-date=January 8, 2019}}{{cite news |last1=Murphy |first1=Ciaran |title=Lighthouse tops guide book list as world's flashiest |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/lighthouse-tops-guide-book-list-as-worlds-flashiest-158411.html |access-date=January 8, 2019 |work=The Irish Examiner Online |publisher=Irish Examiner Incorporated |date=June 21, 2011}} From the time of its construction in the 13th century, until the mid-17th century, the lighthouse was even home to an early Christian monastery.{{cite web |title=Hook Head Light |url=http://www.lighthousedigest.com/Digest/database/uniquelighthouse.cfm?value=1209 |website=Lighthouse Explorer |publisher=Lighthouse Digest Magazine |access-date=January 8, 2019}}

Following the automation of Hook Head Lighthouse, Baily Lighthouse became the last Irish lighthouse to have a resident keeper, but it too was automated in 1997, and the lighthouse keeper was no longer needed.[http://www.commissionersofirishlights.com/cil/aids-to-navigation/lighthouses/baily.aspx Commissioners of Irish Lights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414180509/http://www.commissionersofirishlights.com/cil/aids-to-navigation/lighthouses/baily.aspx |date=2010-04-14 }}

A couple of months later, on March 31, 1998, the keepers left the Fair Isle South Lighthouse in Shetland, and with that the final Scottish lighthouse to be staffed became automated.{{cite web |title=Fair Isle South Lighthouse |url=https://www.nlb.org.uk/LighthouseLibrary/Lighthouse/Fair-Isle-South/ |website=Lighthouse Library |publisher=Northern Lighthouse Board |access-date=January 8, 2019}}

The last manned lighthouse in England, and the United Kingdom, was the North Foreland Lighthouse in Kent. The last six keepers Dave Appleby, Colin Bale, Dermot Cronin, Tony Homewood, Barry Simmons and Tristan Sturley completed their service in a ceremony attended by the Prince Philip, on 26 November 1998.{{cite web |url=https://alk.org.uk/keepers/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120120921/http://www.alk.org.uk/keepers |archive-date=2019-01-20 |title=Index of /keepers}} In an interview with the BBC, Dermot Cronin remarked, "I had no idea I would be closing the door of the last manned lighthouse in the British Isles."{{cite news |last1=Hughes |first1=Dominic |title=UK Lights out for the last time |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/222046.stm |access-date=January 8, 2019 |work=BBC News |agency=BBC Online Network |publisher=BBC |date=November 26, 1998}}

Under pressure from British minister Sir Harry Parkes to fulfil its obligations under the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce to make the waters and harbors of Japan safe for shipping, the Tokugawa shogunate hired the Edinburgh-based firm of D. and T. Stevenson to chart coastal waters and to build lighthouses where appropriate. Richard Henry Brunton was sent from Edinburgh in August 1868 to head the project after being recommended to the Japanese government by the Stevensons, Over the next seven and a half years he designed and supervised the building of 26 Japanese lighthouses in the Western style, along with two lightvessels. Brunton also established a system of lighthouse keepers, modeled on the Northern Lighthouse Board in Scotland.{{cite news | url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/imotp.1901.18577 |title=Obituary – Richard Henry Brunton | work=Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers |volume=145 |issue=1901 |year=1901 |pages=340–341 |doi=10.1680/imotp.1901.18577 |access-date=20 April 2018}} Initially under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Japanese Navy, the responsibility for maintaining lighthouses came under the Maritime Safety Agency following World War 2. In 2006 Meshima Lighthouse became the last of Japan's 3,337 lighthouses to become automated.{{cite web |title=Japan's last manned lighthouse becomes automated |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2006/11/13/national/japans-last-manned-lighthouse-becomes-automated/ |website=The Japan Times |date=13 November 2006 |access-date=6 June 2021}}

There are five lighthouses along the coasts of the Malay Peninsula, all managed by the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore. Of those five, two were still regularly staffed by lighthouse keepers as of the end of 2015. Raffles Lighthouse, on Singapore's southernmost island, and Pulau Pisang Lighthouse, which is technically located within the neighbouring country of Malaysia, are both crewed by a rotating staff of eight lighthouse keepers who work 10-day shifts in pairs.{{cite web |last1=Ong |first1=Wee Jin |title=Keepers of the Lighthouse |url=http://www.asiaone.com/singapore/keepers-lighthouse |website=The Straits Times |publisher=Asia One |access-date=January 8, 2019 |date=December 3, 2015}}

The last staffed lighthouse in Australia was the Sugarloaf Point Light, otherwise known as Seal Rocks Lighthouse. Although the lighthouse was electrified in 1966, and automated in 1987, a caretaker and lighthouse keeper remained on site until 2007, when the lighthouse keeper's cottages were renovated into tourist accommodations.{{Cite rowlett|nsw|date=June 4, 2016|accessdate=January 7, 2019}} The Maatsuyker Island Lighthouse off the southern coast of Tasmania, although fully automated in 1996, still employs volunteer caretakers on six-month assignments;{{cite web |title=Volunteering with the Parks and Wildlife Service |url=https://parks.tas.gov.au/be-involved/volunteer |website=Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service |access-date=1 March 2021}} the duties include weather observations and land management as well as building maintenance.{{cite web |title=Maatsuyker Island Volunteer Caretaker and Weather Observer Program Information Package |url=https://wildcaretas.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/2015-17-Maatsuyker-Is-Information-and-Application-Package.pdf |website=Wildcare Tasmania |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206000000/https://wildcaretas.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/2015-17-Maatsuyker-Is-Information-and-Application-Package.pdf |archive-date=6 December 2017 }} [https://webarchive.linc.tas.gov.au/20171206072544/https://wildcaretas.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/2015-17-Maatsuyker-Is-Information-and-Application-Package.pdf Alt URL]{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

All lighthouses in New Zealand have been automated since 1990.[http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/Commercial/Shipping-safety/Aids-to-navigation/Lighthouse-frequently-asked-questions.asp Maritime New Zealand] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111219121424/http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/Commercial/Shipping-safety/Aids-to-navigation/Lighthouse-frequently-asked-questions.asp |date=2011-12-19 }}

The character of the lighthouse keeper has been popular throughout history for their associated air of adventure, mystery, isolation and their rugged lifestyle. The heroic role that lighthouse keepers can sometimes play when shipwrecks occur also feeds into their popularity.

The following books, films, TV shows and songs draw heavily upon the life of the lighthouse keeper:

• The Adventures of Portland Bill (1983 TV Series by FilmFair)
• Ahab's Wife (1999 novel by Sena Jeter Naslund)
• Aquaman (2018 film by James Wan)
• Big Joys, Small Sorrows (1986 film by Keisuke Kinoshita)
• Cape Forlorn (1931 film)/Le cap perdu (1931 film)/Menschen im Käfig (1930 film) – (Multiple-language production by Ewald André Dupont)
• Cold Skin (2017 film)
• Doctor Who – The Horror of Fang Rock (1977)
• "The Eddystone Light" (also "The Keeper of the Eddystone Light"), 19th century song, authorship disputed but possibly by Arthur Lloyd, performed by Burl Ives, the Brothers Four, Peter Paul and Mary, The Weavers, and many others.{{cite web |url=https://www.elijahwald.com/songblog/eddystone-light/ |title=Eddystone Light |author=Elijah Wald |date=March 22, 2016 |work=Elijahwald.com |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://www.streetdirectory.com/lyricadvisor/song/ulwwe/the_eddystone_light/ |title=The Eddystone Light Lyrics by Burl Ives |work=Lyric Advisor |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://www.streetdirectory.com/lyricadvisor/song/uuapp/eddystone_light/ |title=Eddystone Light Lyrics by the Brothers Four |work=Lyric Advisor |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://www.streetdirectory.com/lyricadvisor/song/eufoap/eddystone_light/ |title=The Eddystone Light lyrics by The Weavers |work=Lyric Advisor |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://secondhandsongs.com/performance/1141132 |title=The Eddystone Light by Peter, Paul & Mary |work=Second Hand Songs |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://songs.2quakers.net/eddystone |title=The Keeper of the Eddystone Light |date=November 1, 2014 |work=Terry SoRelle's Online Song Book |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://www.musicanet.org/robokopp/shanty/mefather.html |title=The Eddystone Light |publisher=Musica International |accessdate=August 29, 2024}} it's based on "The Man of the Nore" (Roud #22257), which also includes the keeper of the Eddystone Light, and adds his son, the captain of the lightship Nore.{{cite web |url=https://mainlynorfolk.info/cyril.tawney/songs/themanatthenore.html |title=The Man at the Nore / Keeper of the Eddystone Light |work=Mainly Norfolk: English Folk and Other Good Music |accessdate=August 29, 2024}}
• The Fog (1980 film by John Carpenter)
• In Fraggle Rock, the Outer Space segments were changed to fit international audiences; in the UK version, the character of Doc was changed to the Captain, a retired sailor living a lighthouse.
• The Goodies - "Lighthouse Keeping Loonies" (1975)
• Hello Lighthouse (2018 book)
• Ladies of the Lights (2010 book)
• Latarnik (The Lighthouse keeper) (1881, one of the most famous short stories by Henryk Sienkiewicz)
• The Lamplighters (2021 book by Emma Stonex)
• The Light at the Edge of the World (film adaptation of the above, 1971)
• The Light Between Oceans (2016 film by Derek Cianfrance based on the 2012 novel of the same name by M. L. Stedman)
• The Light-House (1849 unfinished novel by Edgar Allan Poe)
• The Lighthouse (1980 opera by Sir Peter Maxwell Davies)
• The Lighthouse (2016 film)
• The Lighthouse (2019 film by Robert Eggers)
• The Lighthouse at the End of the World (1905 novel by Jules Verne)
• "The Lighthouse Keeper" (2020 song by Sam Smith)
• The Lighthouse Keepers (Three novels, 2006–2008)
• The Lighthouse Keepers (1929 film)
• The Lightkeepers (2009 film by Daniel Adams)
• Lighthouse Keeping Loonies (1975 TV series episode)
• The Lighthouse-Keeper's Daughter {{aka}} Manina, the Girl in the Bikini (1952 film)
• Pete's Dragon (1977 film by Don Chaffey)
• "A Plague of Lighthouse Keepers" (1971 song by Van der Graaf Generator)
• Round the Twist (1990-2001 Australian children's comedy drama television series about the supernatural adventures of a family living in a lighthouse in a coastal town)
• Salty's Lighthouse (1997–1998 TV series by Sunbow Entertainment and TLC)
• The Seventh Survivor (1941 film by Leslie S. Hiscott)
• Times of Joy and Sorrow (1957 film by Keisuke Kinoshita)
• The Vanishing (2018 film by Kristoffer Nyholm)
• "The White Ship" (1919 short story by H.P. Lovecraft)

To recognize the role of lighthouse keepers in the nation's maritime safety, the US Coast Guard named a class of {{convert|175|ft|m|adj=on}} USCG Coastal Buoy Tenders after famous US Lighthouse Keepers. Fourteen ships in the "Keeper" class were built between 1996 and 2000 and are used to maintain aids to navigation, including lighthouses:[http://www.uscg.mil/datasheet/175wlm.asp USCG: About Us – Aircraft & Cutters]

• USCGC Ida Lewis (WLM-551); Newport, Rhode Island
• USCGC Katherine Walker (WLM-552); Bayonne, New Jersey
• USCGC Abbie Burgess (WLM-553); Rockland, Maine
• USCGC Marcus Hanna (WLM-554); South Portland, Maine
• USCGC James Rankin (WLM-555); Baltimore, Maryland
• USCGC Joshua Appleby (WLM-556); St. Petersburg, Florida
• USCGC Frank Drew (WLM-557); Portsmouth, Virginia
• USCGC Anthony Petit (WLM-558);Ketchikan, Alaska
• USCGC Barbara Mabrity (WLM-559); Mobile, Alabama
• USCGC William Tate (WLM-560); Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• USCGC Harry Claiborne (WLM-561); Galveston, Texas
• USCGC Maria Bray (WLM-562); Atlantic Beach, Florida
• USCGC Henry Blake (WLM-563); Everett, Washington
• USCGC George Cobb (WLM-564); San Pedro, California

{{Portal|Geography|Oceans}}

• Grace Darling
• Marcus Hanna
• Ida Lewis

{{Reflist}}

{{Refbegin}}

• Crompton, Samuel Willard & Michael J. Rhein, The Ultimate Book of Lighthouses (2002) {{ISBN|1-59223-102-0}}.
• Hyde, Charles K., and Ann and John Mahan. The Northern Lights: Lighthouses of the Upper Great Lakes. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995. {{ISBN|0-8143-2554-8}}
• Jones, Ray & Bruce Roberts, American Lighthouses (Globe Pequot, September 1, 1998, 1st Ed.) {{ISBN|0-7627-0324-5}}.
• Jones, Ray, The Lighthouse Encyclopedia, The Definitive Reference (Globe Pequot, January 1, 2004, 1st ed.) {{ISBN|0-7627-2735-7}}.
• Noble, Dennis, Lighthouses & Keepers: U. S. Lighthouse Service and Its Legacy (Annapolis: U. S. Naval Institute Press, 1997. {{ISBN|1-55750-638-8}}.
• Oleszewski, Wes, Great Lakes Lighthouses, American and Canadian: A Comprehensive Directory/Guide to Great Lakes Lighthouses. Gwinn, Michigan: Avery Color Studios, Inc., 1998. {{ISBN|0-932212-98-0}}.
• Penrod, John, Lighthouses of Michigan (Berrien Center, Michigan: Penrod/Hiawatha, 1998) {{ISBN|0-942618-78-5}}.
• Penrose, Laurie and Bill, A Traveler's Guide to 116 Michigan Lighthouses. Petoskey, Michigan: Friede Publications, 1999. {{ISBN|0-923756-03-5}}.
• Putnam, George R., Lighthouses and Lightships of the United States. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1933).
• Roach, Jerry, Ultimate Guide to Great Lakes Lighthouses, (2003).
• Thurston, Harry, Against Darkness and Storm: Lighthouses of the Northeast. Halifax: Nimbus, 1993. {{ISBN|1-55109-039-2}}.
• United States Coast Guard, Aids to Navigation, (Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1945).
• Wagner, John L., Michigan Lighthouses: An Aerial Photographic Perspective. East Lansing, Michigan: John L. Wagner, 1998. {{ISBN|1-880311-01-1}}.
• Weiss, George, The Lighthouse Service, Its History, Activities and Organization (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1926).
• Wright, Larry; Wright, Patricia, Great Lakes Lighthouses Encyclopedia. Erin: Boston Mills Press, 2006. {{ISBN|1-55046-399-3}}.

{{Refend}}

{{Commons category|Lighthouse keepers}}

{{Wiktionary|lighthouse keeper|lighthouse keepers}}

• [http://www.alk.org.uk Association of Lighthouse Keepers]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080531005333/http://www.michiganlighthouse.org/bibliography_lightkeepers.html Bibliography on lighthouse keepers.]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080531005328/http://www.michiganlighthouse.org/bibliography.html Bibliography on Michigan and other lighthouses.]
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoHn1tCKY2A Ode to the lighthouse keeper by Andrew Tremaine.]
• [http://www.unitedstateslighthouses.com/news-and-stories/17-life-as-a-lighthouse-keeper.html Life as a Lighthouse Keeper – United States Lighthouses]
• {{Cite uscgnavbib}}
• {{Cite web|url=http://clarke.cmich.edu/lighthouses/index.htm |author= Wagner, John L. |title=Beacons Shining in the Night: The Lighthouses of Michigan | publisher=Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University}}
• {{Cite web|url=http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/index.htm |author=Pepper, Terry |title=Seeing the Light: Lighthouses on the western Great Lakes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080130074143/http://www.terrypepper.com/lights/index.htm |archive-date=2008-01-30 }}
• {{cite web|title=Lighthouses in the United Kingdom {{!}} US Lighthouse Society|url=http://uslhs.org/resources/lighthouse-directories-organizations/directories/lighthouses-in-united-kingdom|website=uslhs.org|language=en}}

{{Lighthouses}}

{{Authority control}}

*Lighthouse keeper

Category:Marine occupations