list of states of Mexico
{{Short description|none}}
{{use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox subdivision type
| name = Free and Sovereign State
{{lang|es|Estado libre y Soberano}}
| alt_name =
| map = {{Image label begin|image=Mexico states map w names.png|width=325|float=right}}{{Image label end}}
| category = Federated state
| territory = Mexico
| start_date =
| current_number = 32 federal entities
| number_date =
| population_range = {{ubl|Smallest: Colima, 719,445|Largest: Mexico, 17,728,216}}
| area_range = {{ubl|Smallest: Mexico City, {{Convert|1,494.3|sqkm|abbr=on}}|Largest: Chihuahua, {{Convert|247,412.6|sqkm|abbr=on}}}}
| government = State government
| subdivision = Municipality or Borough
}}
A Mexican State ({{langx|es|Estado}}), officially the Free and Sovereign State ({{langx|es|Estado libre y soberano}}), is a constituent federative entity of Mexico according to the Constitution of Mexico. Currently there are 31 states, each with its own constitution, government, state governor, and state congress. In the hierarchy of Mexican administrative divisions, states are further divided into municipalities. Currently there are 2,462 municipalities in Mexico.
Although not formally a state, political reforms have enabled Mexico City ({{langx|es|Ciudad de México}}), the capital city of the United Mexican States to have a federative entity status equivalent to that of the states since January 29, 2016.
Current Mexican governmental publications usually lists 32 federative entities (31 states and Mexico City), and 2,478 municipalities (including the 16 boroughs of Mexico City). Third or lower level divisions are sometimes listed by some governmental publications.
List of federative entities
Mexico City, though not formally a state, is included for comparison.
class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Federative entities of the United Mexican States !rowspan=2 colspan=2|Coat of arms and name!!colspan=2|Cities !rowspan=2|Population !rowspan=2|Population !rowspan=2|Munici- | ||||||
Capital | Largest | km2 | sq mi | Order | Date | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
File:Coat of arms of Aguascalientes.svg | colspan=2| Aguascalientes
| {{convert|5615.7|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,493,459}} | align=right| {{nts|1,425,607}} | 11
| 24 | 5 Feb 1857{{cite news|url=https://www.aguascalientes.gob.mx/estado/resena.html|title=Historical Summary of Aguascalientes|language=es|publisher=Gobierno del estado de Aguascalientes|access-date=2021-02-05}} | |
x40px | Mexicali | Tijuana
| {{convert|71450.0|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,779,050}} | align=right| {{nts|3,769,020}} | 7
| 29 | 16 Jan 1952{{cite news |url= http://www.bajacalifornia.gob.mx/portal/nuestro_estado/historia/transformacion.jsp|title= Transformación Política de Territorio Norte de la Baja California a Estado 29|publisher=Gobierno de Baja California|language=es}} |
x40px | colspan=2| La Paz
| {{convert|73909.4|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|872,439}} | align=right| {{nts|798,447}} | 5
| 31 | 8 Oct 1974{{cite news |url=https://www.gob.mx/inafed/articulos/hace-44-anos-quintana-roo-y-baja-california-sur-fueron-elevados-a-la-categoria-de-estados|title=44 Years Ago, Baja California Sur and Quintana Roo became States|publisher=Gobierno de México|language=es|access-date=2021-02-06}} | |
x40px
| Campeche | colspan=2| San Francisco de Campeche
| {{convert|57484.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|949,481}} | align=right| {{nts|928,363}} | 13
| 25 | 29 Apr 1863{{cite news|url=https://www.gob.mx/inafed/articulos/156-aniversario-del-estado-de-campeche|title=156th Anniversary of Campeche's Statehood|publisher=INAFED|language=es|access-date=2021-02-05}} | |
x40px
| Chiapas | colspan=2| Tuxtla Gutiérrez
| {{convert|73311.0|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|5,914,879}} | align=right| {{nts|5,543,828}} | 124
| 19 | 14 Sep 1824{{cite news|title=Las Diputaciones Provinciales|url =http://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/libros/6/2920/11.pdf|page=15|language=es}} | |
x40px | Chihuahua | Ciudad Juárez
| {{convert|247412.6|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,900,629}} | align=right| {{nts|3,741,869}} | 67
| 18 | 6 Jul 1824 |
x40px
| Coahuila de Zaragoza{{Efn|name=coahuila|Joined the federation with the name of Coahuila y Tejas.}}{{efn|name=riogrande|The states of Nuevo León, Tamaulipas and Coahuila became independent de facto in 1840 to form the República del Río Grande ({{langx|en|Republic of the Rio Grande}}); never consolidated its independence because independent forces were defeated by the centralist forces.{{cite news|url= http://www.ambosmedios.com/releases/2005/12/prweb321680.htm|title= República de Río Grande, el País que no pudo ser.|language= es|access-date= 2015-06-16|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100122084249/http://www.ambosmedios.com/releases/2005/12/prweb321680.htm|archive-date= 2010-01-22|url-status= dead}}}} |colspan=2| Saltillo | {{convert|151594.8|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,457,516}} | align=right| {{nts|3,146,771}} | 38
| 16 | 7 May 1824 | ||
x40px
| Colima{{efn|name=colima|Includes the remote Revillagigedo Islands, which are federally administered.}} | Colima | Manzanillo
| {{convert|5626.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|719,445}} | align=right| {{nts|731,391}} | 10
| 22 | 12 Sep 1856{{cite news|url= http://elcomentario.ucol.mx/Noticia.php?id=1260333428|title= Universidad de Colima|access-date= 2015-06-16|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100810192803/http://elcomentario.ucol.mx/Noticia.php?id=1260333428|archive-date= 2010-08-10|url-status= dead}} | |
x40px
| Durango | colspan=2| Victoria de Durango
| {{convert|123364.0|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,890,563}} | align=right| {{nts|1,832,650}} | 39
| 17 | 22 May 1824 | |
x40px | Guanajuato | León de los Aldama
| {{convert|30606.7|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|6,313,504}} | align=right| {{nts|6,166,934}} | 46
| 2 | 20 Dec 1823 |
x40px
| Guerrero | Chilpancingo de los Bravo | Acapulco de Juárez
| {{convert|63595.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,603,188}} | align=right| {{nts|3,540,685}} | 85
| 21 | 27 Oct 1849{{cite news|url=https://www.gob.mx/inafed/articulos/conmemoramos-el-169-aniversario-del-estado-de-guerrero|title=Commemorating the 169th Anniversary of Guerrero's Statehood|publisher=Gobierno de México|language=es|access-date=2021-02-05}} |
x40px
| Hidalgo | colspan=2| Pachuca de Soto
| {{convert|20821.4|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,222,994}} | align=right| {{nts|3,082,841}} | 84
| 26 | 16 Jan 1869{{cite news|url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM13hidalgo/historia.html|title=History of the state of Hidalgo|publisher=INAFED|language=es|access-date=2021-02-05}} | |
x40px
| Jalisco | Guadalajara | Zapopan
| {{convert|78595.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|8,732,495}} | align=right| {{nts|8,348,151}} | 125
| 9 | 23 Dec 1823 |
x40px
| México | Toluca de Lerdo | Ecatepec de Morelos
| {{convert|22351.8|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|17,728,216}} | align=right| {{nts|16,992,418}} | 125
| 1 | 20 Dec 1823 |
bgcolor=ececec
| x40px | Mexico City (Ciudad de México){{Efn|name=Mexico City|Mexico City was a Federal District until 29 January 2016, when this status was abolished.}} | n/a | Iztapalapa
| {{convert|1494.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|9,352,517}} | align=right| {{nts|9,209,944}} | 16
| 32 | 29 Jan 2016 |
x40px
| Michoacán de Ocampo | colspan=2| Morelia
| {{convert|58598.7|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|4,943,602}} | align=right| {{nts|4,748,846}} | 113
| 5 | 22 Dec 1823 | |
x40px
| Morelos | colspan=2| Cuernavaca
| {{convert|4878.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,964,164}} | align=right| {{nts|1,971,520}} | 36
| 27 | 17 Apr 1869 {{cite news|url=https://morelos.gob.mx/?q=historial|title=History of Morelos|publisher=Gobierno del estado de Morelos|language=es|access-date=2021-02-05}} | |
x40px
| Nayarit | colspan=2| Tepic
| {{convert|27856.5|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,237,293}} | align=right| {{nts|1,235,456}} | 20
| 28 | 26 Jan 1917{{cite news|url=https://www.gob.mx/inafed/articulos/aniversario-del-estado-de-nayarit|title=Anniversary of Nayarit's Statehood|publisher=Gobierno de México|language=es|access-date=2021-02-05}} | |
x40px
| Nuevo León{{efn|name=riogrande}} | colspan=2| Monterrey
| {{convert|64156.2|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|6,130,641}} | align=right| {{nts|5,784,442}} | 51
| 15 | 7 May 1824 | |
x40px
| Oaxaca | colspan=2| Oaxaca de Juárez
| {{convert|93757.6|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|4,242,791}} | align=right| {{nts|4,132,148}} | 570
| 3 | 21 Dec 1823 | |
x40px
| Puebla | colspan=2| Puebla de Zaragoza
| {{convert|34309.6|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|6,586,805}} | align=right| {{nts|6,583,278}} | 217
| 4 | 21 Dec 1823 | |
x40px | colspan=2| Santiago de Querétaro
| {{convert|11690.6|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|2,530,655}} | align=right| {{nts|2,368,467}} | 18
| 11 | 23 Dec 1823 | |
x40px | Chetumal | Cancún
| {{convert|44705.2|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,917,252}} | align=right| {{nts|1,857,985}} | 11
| 30 | 8 Oct 1974{{cite news|url=https://qroo.gob.mx/qroo/historia|title=Historia de Quintana Roo|language=es|publisher=Gobierno del Estado de Quintana Roo|access-date=2021-02-05}} |
x40px | colspan=2| San Luis Potosí
| {{convert|61138.0|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|2,874,010}} | align=right| {{nts|2,822,255}} | 59
| 6 | 22 Dec 1823 | |
x40px
| Sinaloa | colspan=2| Culiacán Rosales
| {{convert|57365.4|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,169,760}} | align=right| {{nts|3,026,943}} | 20
| 20 | 14 Oct 1830{{cite news |url= http://www.biblioteca.tv/artman2/publish/1830_135/Ley_Reglas_para_la_divisi_n_del_Estado_de_Sonora_y_Sinaloa.shtml|title=500 años de México en documentos|publisher=Biblioteca Garay|language=es}} | |
x40px
| Sonora{{efn|name=sonora|Joined the federation with the name of Estado de Occidente, also recognized as Sonora y Sinaloa.}} |colspan=2| Hermosillo | {{convert|179354.7|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,039,967}} | align=right| {{nts|2,944,840}} | 72
| 12 | 10 Jan 1824 | ||
x40px
| Tabasco{{efn|name=tabasco|The State of Tabasco seceded from Mexico on two occasions: first on 13 February 1841, rejoining again on 2 December 1842; and the second from 9 November 1846 to 9 December 1846.}} |colspan=2| Villahermosa | {{convert|24730.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|2,537,961}} | align=right| {{nts|2,402,598}} | 17
| 13 | 7 Feb 1824 | ||
x40px
| Tamaulipas{{efn|name=riogrande}} | Ciudad Victoria | Reynosa
| {{convert|80249.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|3,575,756}} | align=right| {{nts|3,527,735}} | 43
| 14 | 7 Feb 1824 |
x40px
| Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl | San Pablo del Monte
| {{convert|3996.6|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,469,900}} | align=right| {{nts|1,342,977}} | 60
| 23 | 9 Dec 1856{{cite news|url=https://congresodetlaxcala.gob.mx/historia/|title=History of Tlaxcala|publisher=Congreso del estado de Tlaxcala|language=es|access-date=2021-02-05}} |
x40px
| Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave | Xalapa-Enríquez | Veracruz
| {{convert|71823.5|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|8,093,517}} | align=right| {{nts|8,062,579}} | 212
| 7 | 22 Dec 1823 |
x40px
| Yucatán{{efn|name=yucatan|Joined the federation as República Federada de Yucatán{{cite news |url= http://www.sobrino.net/Dzidzantun/la_historia_de_la_rep_yuc.htm|title= La historia de la República de Yucatán}} ({{langx|en|Federated Republic of Yucatán}}) formed by the current states of Yucatán, Campeche and Quintana Roo. Became independent in 1841 constituting the second Republic of Yucatán and definitively rejoined in 1848.}} |colspan=2| Mérida | {{convert|39524.4|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|2,375,403}} | align=right| {{nts|2,320,898}} | 106
| 8 | 23 Dec 1823 | ||
x40px | colspan=2| Zacatecas
| {{convert|75275.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|1,674,227}} | align=right| {{nts|1,622,138}} | 58
| 10 | 23 Dec 1823 | |
bgcolor=e0e0e0
|colspan=2| Mexico total | colspan=2| Mexico City
| {{convert|1972550.0|km2|sqmi|abbr=values|sortable=on|disp=table}} | align=right| {{nts|130,294,079}} | align=right| {{nts|126,014,024}} | 2,478
|colspan=2| — |
Notes:
{{Notelist}}
Lists by topic
State symbols:
- State flags of Mexico
- List of Mexican state name etymologies
- List of Mexican state demonyms
- List of Mexican states by date of statehood
- Mexico State-Abbreviation Codes
- Lists of Mexican state governors
- List of current state governors in Mexico
- List of Mexican state congresses (with current composition)
Other:
See also
{{Portal|Mexico}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
- Administrative divisions of Mexico
- Territorial evolution of Mexico
- State governments of Mexico
- Territories of Mexico
- Postal codes in Mexico
{{div col end}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{States of Mexico}}
{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of North American countries}}
{{Indicators of Mexican States}}