lithium hypochlorite
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 450704855
| Name = Lithium hypochlorite
| ImageFileL1 = Li+.svg
| ImageSizeL1 = 40px
| ImageFileR1 = Hypochlorit-Ion.svg
| ImageSizeR1 = 120px
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 55593
| InChI = 1/ClO.Li/c1-2;/q-1;+1
| InChIKey = LWXVCCOAQYNXNX-UHFFFAOYAC
| SMILES = [Li+].[O-]Cl
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/ClO.Li/c1-2;/q-1;+1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LWXVCCOAQYNXNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 13840-33-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = HTN55M2443
| RTECS = NH3486000
| PubChem = 23665767
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = LiOCl
| Li=1|O=1|Cl=1
| Appearance = Colorless or white crystalline solid
| Odor = chlorine-like odor
| Density = 0.531 g/cm3 (20 °C)
| Solubility = soluble
| MeltingPtC = 135
| BoilingPtC = 1336
}}
|Section6={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = {{ubl|Lithium chloride|Lithium chlorate|Lithium perchlorate}}
| OtherCations = {{ubl|Sodium hypochlorite|Potassium hypochlorite|Calcium hypochlorite|Barium hypochlorite|Silver hypochlorite}}
| OtherCompounds = {{ubl|Hypochlorous acid|Lithium hypofluorite|Methyl hypochlorite}}
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS =
| AutoignitionPt = >
| AutoignitionPtC = 180
}}
}}
Lithium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the chemical formula of {{chem2|LiOCl|auto=1}}. It is the lithium salt of hypochlorous acid. It consists of lithium cations ({{chem2|Li+}}) and hypochlorite anions ({{chem2|−OCl}}). It is a colorless, crystalline compound. It has been used as a disinfectant for pools, and is also used as a reagent for some chemical reactions.
Safety
Doses of 500 mg/kg cause detrimental clinical signs and significant mortality in rats.{{cite journal
|author1=Hoberman A. M. |author2=Deprospo J. R. |author3=Lochry E. A. |author4=Christian M. S. | title = Developmental toxicity study of orally administered lithium hypochlorite in rats| journal = Journal of the American College of Toxicology| volume = 9| issue = 3| year = 1990| pages = 367–379| doi =10.3109/10915819009078746|s2cid=97957731 | doi-access =free}} The use of chlorine-based disinfectants in domestic water, although widespread, has led to some controversy because of the formation of small quantities of harmful byproducts such as chloroform. Studies showed no uptake of lithium if pools with lithium hypochlorite have been used.{{cite journal
|author1=McCarty J. D. |author2=Carter S. P. |author3=Fletcher M. J. |author4=Reape M. J. | title = Study of lithium absorption by users of spas treated with lithium ion| journal =Hum Exp Toxicol| volume = 13| issue = 5| year = 1994| pages = 315–9| doi = 10.1177/096032719401300506| pmid = 8043312|s2cid=27971592}}
Use in swimming pools
Lithium hypochlorite has been used as a fast-acting disfinectant for vinyl swimming pools. However, due to the increasing demand for lithium in lithium-ion batteries, manufacturers have stopped producing lithium hypochlorite, making it much harder to find these days.{{Cite web |date=2019-06-19 |title=Pool Shock - What YOU Need to Know {{!}} Leisure Pool & Spa Supply |url=http://www.leisurepoolinc.com/pool-shock-what-you-need-to-know/ |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Leisure Pool & Spa Supply, Inc. |language=en-US}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite journal|vauthors=Weiner ML, Batt KJ, Putman DL, Curren RD, Yang LL | title = Genotoxicity evaluation of lithium hypochlorite| journal =Toxicology| volume = 65| issue = 1–2| year = 1990| pages = 1–22| doi =10.1016/0300-483X(90)90075-R| pmid = 2274961}}
- {{cite journal| author = Davies NL| title = Lithium toxicity in two dogs| journal = J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.| volume = 62| issue = 3| year = 1991| pages = 140–142| doi =10.4102/jsava.v62i3.1771| pmid = 1770485| doi-access = free}}
{{refend}}
{{Lithium compounds}}
{{Hypochlorites}}
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