monosodium citrate

{{Chembox

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 462253460

| Name = Monosodium citrate

| ImageFile = Monosodium citrate.png

| ImageFile2 = Monosodium citrate.jpg

| OtherNames = sodium dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate

| IUPACName = Sodium 2-(carboxymethyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate{{cite web | url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23662352#section=IUPAC-Name&fullscreen=true | title=Sodium dihydrogen citrate }}

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| PubChem = 23662352

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 27304

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}

| ChEMBL =

| InChI1 = 1/C6H8O7.3Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3

| InChIKey1 = HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-DFZHHIFOAL

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEBI = 53258

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C6H8O7.Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);/q;+1/p-1

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = HWPKGOGLCKPRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M

| SMILES = C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)[O-])O.[Na+]

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 18996-35-5

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 68538UP9SE

| EINECS = 242-734-6

| RTECS = GE9750000

}}

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| Na = 1 | C = 6 | H = 7 | O = 7

| Appearance = white powder
hygroscopic

| Odor = odorless

| MeltingPtC = 212

| BoilingPtC = 309.6

| Solubility = soluble

| SolubleOther = negligible in ethanol

| pKa = 3.50–3.80

}}

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure

| Structure_ref = {{cite journal |last1=Glusker |first1=Jenny P. |last2=van der Helm |first2=D. |last3=Love |first3=Warner E. |last4=Dornberg |first4=Marilyn L. |last5=Patterson |first5=A. L. |title=The State of Ionization of Crystalline Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate1 |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=June 1960 |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=2964–2965 |doi=10.1021/ja01496a071 |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01496a071 |access-date=22 July 2022 |language=en |issn=0002-7863|url-access=subscription }}

| CrystalStruct = Monoclinic

| SpaceGroup = P21/a (No. 4)

| UnitCellFormulas = 4

}}

| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards

| ExternalSDS = [https://www.carlroth.com/medias/SDB-HN13-AU-EN.pdf?context=bWFzdGVyfHNlY3VyaXR5RGF0YXNoZWV0c3wyMjYwNTF8YXBwbGljYXRpb24vcGRmfHNlY3VyaXR5RGF0YXNoZWV0cy9oNTUvaDhkLzkwNjk5NTc4NzM2OTQucGRmfDg1OTgxNWYxN2FjY2M2NzYyMjJhMmRmY2Y5ZWJlZGU0MDg5ZDNlMzU4ODY5NThjYTNkODhmNzJmMGYyMTQ5MzY.htm Carl Roth]

| LD50 = 5400 mg/kg (mouse, oral) >2000 mg/kg (rat, dermal)

}}

}}

Monosodium citrate, more correctly, sodium dihydrogen citrate (Latin: {{Lang|la|natrium citricum acidulatum}}), is an acid salt of citric acid. Disodium citrate and trisodium citrate are also known. It can be prepared by partial neutralisation of citric acid{{cite web |title=Monosodium Citrate - Jungbunzlauer |url=https://www.jungbunzlauer.com/en/products/special-salts/monosodium-citrate.html |website=www.jungbunzlauer.com |access-date=17 July 2022}} with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate or carbonate. It has a slightly acidic taste.

:NaHCO₃ + C₆H₈O₇ → NaC₆H₇O₇ + CO₂ + H₂O

:Na₂CO₃ + 2C₆H₈O₇ → 2NaC₆H₇O₇ + CO₂ + H₂O

It is highly soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. Monosodium citrate is used as an anticoagulant in donated blood.[https://books.google.com/books?id=cHAjsUgegpQC&dq=monosodium+citrate+anticoagulant&pg=PA20 Clinical Hematology: Theory and Procedures], Mary Louise Turgeon It is used as an alkalinizing agent to prevent kidney stone disease.{{Cite web|last=PubChem|title=Monosodium citrate|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23666341|access-date=2021-08-02|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|language=en}} The crystals form as nearly perfect cubes.{{cite journal |last1=Hitchcock |first1=David I. |title=Sodium Hydrogen Citrates |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=March 1946 |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=524–525 |doi=10.1021/ja01207a507 |pmid=21015754 |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01207a507 |access-date=22 July 2022 |language=en |issn=0002-7863|url-access=subscription }}