pa Na language
{{Short description|Hmongic language spoken in China}}
{{Distinguish|Pana language|Pana language (Gur)|Phana’ language}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Pa Na
| nativename = {{lang|mis|pa˥˧ na˧˩˧}}
| altname =
| states = China
| region = Hunan
| ethnicity =
| speakers = 1,000
| date = 1993
| ref = {{cn|date=August 2013}}
| familycolor = Hmong-Mien
| fam2 = Hmongic
| fam3 = Sheic
| fam4 = Pana–She or Kiong Nai–She–Pana?Hsiu, Andrew. 2015. [https://doi.org/10.5281%2Fzenodo.1127804 The classification of Na Meo, a Hmong-Mien language of Vietnam]. Paper presented at SEALS 25, Chiang Mai, Thailand.Hsiu, Andrew. 2018. [https://sites.google.com/site/eastasianphyla/hm/hmongic Preliminary classification of Hmongic languages] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023091546/sites.google.com/site/eastasianphyla/hm/hmongic|date=2020-10-23}}
| iso3 = none
| glotto = pana1310
| glottorefname = Pa Na
| pronunciation = {{IPA|mis|pa˥˧ na˧˩˧|}}
}}
Pa Na ({{zh|s=巴那语|p=Bānàyǔ}}; autonym: {{IPA|pa˥˧ na˧˩˧}}) is a Hmongic language spoken by about 1,000 people in Shangpai (上排), Zhongpai (中排), and Xiapai (下排) of Chengbu County, and Huangshuangping (黄双坪), Suining County in Hunan, China. It is also called "Red Miao." Yoshihisa Taguchi (2012){{Cite conference |last=Taguchi |first=Yoshihisa |date=2012 |title=On the Phylogeny of the Hmong-Mien languages |url=http://ccl.pku.edu.cn/event/ciel/田口善久--taguchi_phylogeny.pptx |format=PPTX |conference=Conference in Evolutionary Linguistics 2012 |type=PowerPoint presentation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221610/http://ccl.pku.edu.cn/event/ciel/%E7%94%B0%E5%8F%A3%E5%96%84%E4%B9%85--taguchi_phylogeny.pptx |archive-date=2016-03-03}} considers Pa Na to be most closely related to She and Jiongnai.
Yoshihisa Taguchi (2001) documents the Xiapai (下排) dialect of Pa Na.{{Cite book |last=Taguchi |first=Yoshihisa |date=2001 |chapter=A Vocabulary of Pana |editor-last=Tsonoda |editor-first=Tasaku |title=Basic Materials in Minority Languages 2001 |series=Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim (ELPR) Publication Series B001}} Hu (2018:14-17) briefly documents the Pa Na dialect of Tanni Village No. 2 (潭泥村二组), Huangsangping Ethnic Miao Township (黄桑坪苗族乡; currently part of Zhaishi Township 寨市苗族侗族乡), Suining County.{{cite book|last=Hu|first=Ping 胡萍|title=Yuyan jiechu yu Xiangxinan Miao Yao Pinghua diaocha yanjiu 语言接触与湘西南苗瑤平话调查研究|date=2018|location=Changsha|publisher=Yuelu shushe 岳麓书社|oclc=1073112896|isbn=9787553808710}}
Phonology
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|+Consonant phonemes ! ! colspan="2" |Labial ! colspan="2" |Alveolar ! colspan="2" |Lateral ! colspan="2" |Post- ! colspan="2" |Velar ! colspan="2" |Glottal |
| Nasal
| style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|m}} | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|n}} | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|ŋ}} | colspan="2" | |
|---|
| Stop
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|p}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|b}} | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|t}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|d}} | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|k}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|ɡ}} | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|ʔ}} | style="border-left: 0;" | |
| Affricate
| colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|ts}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|dz}} | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|tɬ}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|dɮ}} | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|tɕ}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|dʑ}} | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | |
| Fricative
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|f}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|v}} | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|s}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|z}} | style="border-right: 0;" | {{IPA link|ɬ}} | style="border-left: 0;" | {{IPA link|ɮ}} | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|ɕ}} | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|ʑ}} | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" |{{IPA link|h}} | style="border-left: 0;" | |
| Approximant
| colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | style="border-right: 0;" | | style="border-left: 0;" |{{IPA link|l}} | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | |
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+Vowel phonemes ! rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" |Front ! colspan="2" |Central ! colspan="2" |Back |
| short
!long !short !long !short !long |
|---|
| Close
|{{IPA link|ɪ}} |{{IPA link|iː}} | | |{{IPA link|ʊ}} |{{IPA link|uː}} |
| Mid
|{{IPA link|ɛ}} |{{IPA link|eː}} |{{IPA link|ə}} |{{IPA link|əː}} |{{IPA link|ɔ}} |{{IPA link|oː}} |
| Open
| | |{{IPA link|a}} |{{IPA link|aː}} | | |
Distribution
According to the Suining County Gazetteer (1997:657), in Suining County, Pa Na (坝哪话, autonym: {{IPA|pᴀ25 nᴀ22 tɕi45}}; exonym: known as Zhaishanghua 寨上话 by the locals), is spoken by no more than 3,000 people in Tanni (潭泥), Moshi (磨石), Chiban (赤板), Jiexi (界溪), Shangbao (上堡), and other villages, all located in the southern part of Huangshuangping Township (黄双坪乡; currently part of Zhaishi Township 寨市苗族侗族乡).
Taguchi (2001: 83) reports that Pana is spoken by about 1,100 people in the following five villages of Yanzhai Township (岩寨乡), Chengbu County, Hunan.
- Shangpai (上排村)
- Xiapai (下排村)
- Desheng (得胜村)
- Liuma (六马村)
- Changxing (长兴村)
See also
- Pana word list (Wiktionary)
References
{{Reflist}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090727075343/http://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/numeral/Pana.htm Pa Na numbers at lingweb.eva.mpg.de]
- {{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Qiguang 陈其光 |date=2001 |title=Bānàyǔ gàikuàng |script-title=zh:巴那语概况 |trans-title=A Brief Introduction of Bana Language |journal=Mínzú yǔwén |script-journal=zh:民族语文 |volume=2001 |issue=2 |pages=69–80 |language=zh}}
{{Hmong-Mien languages}}
{{Languages of China}}