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perpetual count

A perpetual count ({{langx|hu|örökös főispán}}, {{langx|la|supremus et perpetuus comes}})Nemes 1989, p. 81. was a head or an ispán of a county in the Kingdom of Hungary (“Lord Lieutenant”) whose office was either hereditary or attached to the dignity of a prelate or of a great officer of the realm. The earliest examples of a perpetual ispánate are from the 12th century, but the institution flourished between the 15th and 18th centuries. Although all administrative functions of the office were abolished in 1870, the title itself was preserved until the general abolition of noble titles in Hungary in 1946.

History

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List of perpetual ''ispánates''

=Ex officio ''ispánates''=

File:Anton Einsle - József nádor.jpg, palatine of Hungary, perpetual count of Pest and Pilis Counties]]

{{Clr|left}}

class="wikitable" style="width: 76%"
scope="col" style="width:12%;"| County

! scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Perpetual count

! scope="col" style="width:8%;"| Period

! scope="col" style="width:36%;"| Notes

! scope="col" style="width:7%;"| Source

Baranya

| Bishop of Pécs

| ?–1777

|

| {{verify source|date=September 2012}}

Bács

| Archbishop of Kalocsa

| ?–1776

|

| {{verify source|date=September 2012}}

Bihar

| Bishop of Várad

| 1466–1776

|

| {{verify source|date=September 2012}}

Esztergom

| Archbishop of Esztergom

| 1270–1300
1301–1881

| granted to archbishop Philip Türje by King Stephen V
King Andrew III temporarily deprived the archbishop from the ispánate
castellans of the archbishops' castle at Esztergom sometimes styled themselves ispán

| Fallenbüchl 1994, p. 9.Zsoldos 2011, p. 149.Engel 1996, p. 126.

Fehér

| Voivode of Transylvania

|

|

| {{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

Győr

| Bishop of Győr

| 1453–1783

|

| Engel 1996, p. 132.

Heves

| Bishop (from 1804 Archbishop) of Eger

| 1498–1840

|

| {{verify source|date=September 2012}}

Nyitra

| Bishop of Nyitra

| ?–1777

|

| Engel 1996, p. 159.

Outer Szolnok

| Bishop (from 1804 Archbishop) of Eger

| 1569–1840

|

| {{verify source|date=September 2012}}

Pest

| Palatine

| ?–1848

|

| Engel 1996, p. 163.

rowspan="2" | Pilis

| Castellan of the Visegrád Castle

| ?–?

|

|

Palatine

| 1569–1848

|

| {{verify source|date=September 2012}}

Požega/Pozsega

| Bishop of Bosznia

| 1753–1770

| renounced of the title

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 11., 130.

Veszprém

| Bishop of Veszprém

| 1313–1323
1392–1773

| although King Charles I awarded the bishops with the ispánate, he seems to have failed to confirm this grant in 1323
the bishops perpetually held the office from 1392

| Engel 1996, p. 231.

=Hereditary ''ispánates''=

File:Blava 2007-3-28-53.jpg, Pressburg/Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia)]]

{{Clr|left}}

class="wikitable" style="width: 76%"
scope="col" style="width:12%;"| County

! scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Family

! scope="col" style="width:8%;"| Period

! scope="col" style="width:36%;"| Notes

! scope="col" style="width:7%;"| Source

rowspan="2" | Abaúj

| Perényi

| 1570–1598
1643–1699

|

| rowspan="2" | Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 99.

Csáky

| 1702–1764

|

rowspan="2" | Árva

| Thurzó

| 1585–1626

| also perpetual ispáns of Szepes County

| rowspan="2" | Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 61.

Thököly

| 1666–1668

|

Bereg

| Schönborn

| 1740–

| last grant of a perpetual ispánate

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 66.

Beszterce

| Hunyadi

| 1452–1458

| earliest example of a hereditary title in Hungary proper

| Engel 2001, p. 293.

Beszterce

| Szilágyi

| 1458–?

|

| {{cite book |title=Pannon Reneszánsz : A Hunyadiak és a Jagelló-kor (1437–1526) |series=Encyclopaedia Humana Hungarica |volume=4 |accessdate= 20 April 2018|url=http://mek.oszk.hu/01900/01918/html/index29.html}}

Hont

| Koháry

| 1711–1826

|

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 82.

Komárom

| Nádasdy

| 1751–

| last grant of a perpetual ispánate

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 83.

Liptó

| Illésházy

| 1582–1838

| also perpetual ispáns of Trencsén County

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 84.

Požega/Pozsega

| Keglevich

| 1707–1749

|

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 11., 129-130.

Pozsony

| Pálffy

| 1651–

| always a member of the family was appointed ispán from 1580

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 92-93.

Sáros

| Rákóczi

| 1666–1711

| always a member of the family was appointed ispán from 1622

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 93-94.

Sopron

| Esterházy

| 1686–

| always a member of the family was appointed ispán from 1626

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 96.

rowspan="3" | Szepes

| Szapolyai

| 1464–1528

|

| Engel 2001, p. 311.Fallenbüchl 1994, p. 99.

Thurzó

| 1531–1635

| also perpetual ispáns of Árva County

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 9-10., 99.

Csáky and later also Csáky-Pallavicini branch

| 1638–

|

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 9., 99.

Teočak

| Újlaki

| 1464–?

| in Bosnia

| Engel 2001, p. 312.

Trencsén

| Illésházy

| 1600–1838

| also perpetual ispáns of Liptó County

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 103.

Turóc

| Révay

| 1712–1875

| always a member of the family was appointed ispán from 1532

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 9., 104.

Valkó

| Draskovich

| 1693–1695

| the county was dissolved in 1695

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 11., 132.

rowspan="2" | Varaždin/Varasd

| Erdődy

| 1570–c. 1582

|

| Fallenbüchl 1994, p. 132.

Erdődy

| 1687–

| always a member of the family was appointed ispán from 1607

|

Vas

| Batthyány

| 1728–

|

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 107-108.

Zala

| Althann

| 1721–1824

|

| Fallenbüchl 1994, pp. 10., 111.

See also

Footnotes

{{Reflist|2}}

References

{{Refbegin}}

  • {{in lang|hu}} Engel, Pál (1996). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301–1457, I. ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301–1457, Volume I"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest. {{ISBN|963-8312-44-0}}.
  • Engel, Pál (2001). The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526. I.B. Tauris Publishers. {{ISBN|1-86064-061-3}}.
  • {{in lang|hu|de}} Fallenbüchl, Zoltán (1994). Magyarország főispánjai, 1526–1848 ("Lord-Lieutenants of Counties in Hungary, 1526–1848"). Argumentum Kiadó. {{ISBN|963-7719-81-4}}.
  • {{in lang|hu}} Nemes, Lajos (1989). Entry örökös főispán in: Bán, Péter; Magyar történelmi fogalomtár, I. kötet: L–Zs [=Thesaurus of Terms of Hungarian History, Volume I: L–Zs]. Gondolat. {{ISBN|963-282-204-8}}.
  • Rady, Martyn (2000). Nobility, Land and Service in Medieval Hungary. Palgrave (in association with School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London). {{ISBN|0-333-80085-0}}.
  • Sedlar, Jean W. (1994). East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500. University of Washington Press. {{ISBN|0-295-97290-4}}.
  • {{in lang|hu}} Zsoldos, Attila (2011). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301 ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest. {{ISBN|978-963-9627-38-3}}.

{{Refend}}

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Category:Hungarian noble titles