ponkan
{{Short description|Citrus fruit and plant}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Ponkan
| image = Ponkan tree in Florida.jpg
| image_caption = Ponkan tree, Florida
| genus = Citrus
| species = poonensis
}}
Ponkan (Hokkien {{zh|c=椪柑|poj=phòng-kam}}); Citrus poonensis; "Chinese Honey Orange") is a high-yield sweet Citrus cultivar with large fruits in the size of an orange. It is a citrus hybrid (mandarin × pomelo),{{Cite journal|title = A genealogy of the citrus family|journal = Nature Biotechnology|date = 2014-01-01|volume = 32|issue = 7|doi = 10.1038/nbt.2954|first1 = Riccardo|last1 = Velasco|first2 = Concetta|last2 = Licciardello|pages=640–642|pmid=25004231|doi-access = free}} though it was once thought to be a pure mandarin.{{Cite journal|title = Sequencing of diverse mandarin, pummelo and orange genomes reveals complex history of admixture during citrus domestication|journal = Nature Biotechnology|date = 2014-07-01|issn = 1087-0156|pmc = 4113729|pmid = 24908277|pages = 656–662|volume = 32|issue = 7|doi = 10.1038/nbt.2906|first1 = G. Albert|last1 = Wu|first2 = Simon|last2 = Prochnik|first3 = Jerry|last3 = Jenkins|first4 = Jerome|last4 = Salse|first5 = Uffe|last5 = Hellsten|first6 = Florent|last6 = Murat|first7 = Xavier|last7 = Perrier|first8 = Manuel|last8 = Ruiz|first9 = Simone|last9 = Scalabrin}}{{Cite journal|title = Assessing genetic diversity and population structure in a citrus germplasm collection utilizing simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs)|journal = Theoretical and Applied Genetics|date = 2006-04-20|issn = 0040-5752|pages = 1519–1531|volume = 112|issue = 8|doi = 10.1007/s00122-006-0255-9|first1 = Noelle A.|last1 = Barkley|first2 = Mikeal L.|last2 = Roose|first3 = Robert R.|last3 = Krueger|first4 = Claire T.|last4 = Federici|pmid=16699791| s2cid=7667126 }}
Description
"Pon" harkens to the "Poona orange" of original stockIrwin, Mark. Loanwords in Japanese. Amsterdam, NL: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. P 63 and "kan" means citrus fruit. The fruit is very sweet, round in shape and about {{cvt|7|–|8|cm}} wide in size. Trees are heavy bearing every other year, and sometimes the limbs break due to the heavy yields. Growers resort to propping the limbs up with sticks at times, though if the limb bends gradually down and grows in that position it will do better in future years.{{cite web|url=http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/mandarin_orange.html|title=Mandarin Orange|work=purdue.edu}}
Trees can be propagated by seed, as they breed true, or grafted onto other rootstocks, trifoliate orange being the most popular. Andrew Willis of Apopka, Florida, promoted the Ponkan heavily in the early 1900s.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
Ponkan is also noted for having a loose rind that is very easy to peel.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}
Cultivation
Ponkans are widely grown in the United States, Brazil, Japan and China.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}} In Taiwan, it is an important citrus crop often cultivated as high-end fruit and exported mainly to Hong Kong, Japan, and Canada.{{cite web |date=11 March 2021 |title=Ponkan |url=https://eng.coa.gov.tw/ws.php?id=9441 |website=Counsel of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, R.O.C. Taiwan }}
It was originally introduced to the United States by Carlo Roman in 1880. His original grove is still in production near Hawthorne in Putnam County, Florida. The city of Teresópolis in Brazil holds an annual Ponkan festival.[http://www.portaltere.com/etecponkan/ Festa da Ponkan, Teresópolis (Portuguese)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223222800/http://www.portaltere.com/etecponkan/ |date=2010-12-23 }}
See also
Notes
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- [http://www.citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/ponkan.html Ponkan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701123726/https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/ponkan.html |date=2019-07-01 }} at the Citrus Variety Collection
{{citrus}}
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