pseudocardinal

Their state, like the state of the antipopes and the anti-bishops these appointed/created, is disputed. Many pseudocardinals were created during the controversy between the Holy See and the Holy Roman Empire during the Western Schism, and some of the cardinals switched their obedience. The legitimacy of the Popes of the different obediences during the Western Schism was not a clear matter for their contemporaries. The terms antipope, pseudocardinal and anticardinal were not used at that time, but they are now used by some modern Roman Catholic historians.

The following Antipopes created pseudo-cardinals (with status and age at time of creation in parentheses when available) :

; Antipope Anacletus II (1130–1138) - 3 consistories, 8 pseudocardinals

1. Consistory of 1130.03.29
2. Germano, Cardinal-Deacon
3. Gregorio Otone, Cardinal-Deacon
4. Pietro, O.S.B. Cas., Cardinal-Deacon
5. Consistory of 1131
6. Donato, Cardinal-Priest
7. Anselmo, Cardinal-Priest
8. Rainaldo, Cardinal-Deacon
9. Matteo, Cardinal-Deacon
10. Consistory of 1135.03.31 : only Benedetto, O.S.B. Cas., Cardinal-Priest

; Antipope Nicholas V (1328–1330) - 4 consistories, 9 pseudocardinals

1. Consistory of 1328.05.15
2. Giacomo Alberti, Bishop emeritus of Castello, Cardinal-Bishop
3. Bishop Franz Hermann, Cardinal-Bishop
4. Bonifazio Donoratico, O.P., Bishop of Chersonissos, Cardinal-Bishop
5. Bishop Nicola Fabriani, O.E.S.A., Cardinal-Priest
6. Pietro Oringa, Cardinal-Priest
7. Giovanni Arlotti, Cardinal-Deacon
8. Consistory of 1328.09 : only Paolo da Viterbo, O.F.M., Cardinal-Deacon
9. Consistory of 1329.01.19 : only Giovanni Visconti (38), Cardinal-Deacon
10. Consistory of 1329 : only Pandolfo Capocci, Cardinal-Deacon

; Antipope Felix V (1439–1449) - 5 consistories, 25 pseudocardinals

1. Consistory of 1440.04.12
2. Louis de La Palud, O.S.B., bishop of Lausanne
3. Bartolomeo Visconti, bishop of Novara.
4. Walram von Moers, bishop elect of Utrecht, Netherlands
5. Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña, administrator of the see of Sigüenza
6. Consistory of 1440.10.02
7. Aleksander Mazowiecki, prince-bishop of Trent
8. Otón de Moncada i de Luna, bishop of Tortosa
9. Jordi d'Ornós, bishop of Vich, Spain
10. François de Meez, O.S.B., bishop of Geneva
11. Bernard de La Planche, O.S.B., bishop of Dax
12. John of Ragusa, O.P., bishop of Ardjisch, Walachia
13. Johann Grünwalder, vicar general of Freising
14. John of Segovia, archdeacon of Villaviciosa, Oviedo
15. Consistory of 1440.11.12
16. Amédée de Talaru, archbishop of Lyon
17. Denis du Moulin, bishop of Paris
18. Philippe de Coetquis, archbishop of Tours
19. Niccolò Tedeschi, O.S.B., archbishop of Palermo
20. Gérard Machet, bishop of Castres
21. Jean de Malestroit, bishop of Nantes, France.
22. Consistory of 1444.04.06
23. Jean d'Arces, archbishop of Tarentaise
24. Luis Gonçalves de Amaral, bishop of Viseu
25. Wincenty Kot z Dębna, archbishop of Gniezno and primate of Poland
26. Guillaume-Hugues d'Estaing, O.S.B., archdeacon of Metz
27. Bartolomeo Vitelleschi, bishop of Corneto e Montefiascone
28. Thomas de Courcelles, canon of the cathedral chapter of Amiens
29. Consistory of 1447.08.01 : only Lancelot de Lusignan, patriarch of Jerusalem.

; Antipope Clement VII (1378–1394) - 12 consistories, 33 pseudocardinals

1. Consistory of 1378.12.18 (6)
2. Giacomo da Itri, Patriarch of Constantinople and Metropolitan Archbishop of Otranto (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
3. Niccolò Brancaccio (38), Metropolitan Archbishop of Cosenza (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
4. Pierre Amiel de Sarcenas, O.S.B. Clun. (69), Metropolitan Archbishop of Embrun (France), Cardinal-Priest
5. Pierre-Raymond de Barrière, C.R.S.A., Bishop of Autun (France), Cardinal-Priest
6. Nicolas de Saint Saturnin, O.P., Master of the Sacred Palace of Prefecture of the Holy Apostolic Palaces, Cardinal-Priest
7. Leonardo Rossi da Giffoni, O.F.M., Minister General emeritus of Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans), Cardinal-Priest
8. Consistory of 1381.03.19 : only Gautier Gómez de Luna, Bishop of Palencia (Spain)
9. Consistory of 1382.05.30 : only Tommaso Clausse, O.P., Cardinal-Priest
10. Consistory of 1383.12.23 :
11. Pierre de Cros, O.S.B. Clun., Metropolitan Archbishop of Arles (France) and Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church of Reverend Apostolic Camera, Cardinal-Priest
12. Faydit d’Aigrefeuille, O.S.B. Clun., Bishop of Avignon (France), Cardinal-Priest
13. Aymery de Magnac, Bishop of Paris (France), Cardinal-Priest
14. Jacques de Menthonay, Cardinal-Priest
15. Amedeo di Saluzzo (22), Bishop of Valence (France), Cardinal-Deacon
16. Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut, O.S.B. Clun. (63), Bishop of Laon (France), Cardinal-Priest
17. Walter Wardlaw (66), Bishop of Glasgow (Scotland), Cardinal-Priest
18. Jean de Neufchatel (43), Bishop of Toul (France), Cardinal-Priest
19. Pierre de Fetigny, Cardinal-Deacon
20. Consistory of 1384.04.15 : only Pierre de Luxembourg (14), Bishop of Metz (France), Cardinal-Deacon
21. Consistory of 1385.07.12 :
22. Bertrand de Chanac, Patriarch of Jerusalem and Apostolic Administrator of Le Puy-en-Velay (France), Cardinal-Priest
23. Tommaso Ammannati, Metropolitan Archbishop of Napoli (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
24. Giovanni Piacentini, Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Patrasso and Apostolic Administrator emeritus of Castello, Cardinal-Priest
25. Amaury de Lautrec, Bishop of Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges (France), Cardinal-Priest
26. Jean de Murol (45), Bishop of Genève (Switzerland), Cardinal-Priest
27. Jean Rolland, Bishop of Amiens (France), Cardinal-Priest
28. Jean Allarmet de Brogny (43), Bishop of Viviers (France), Cardinal-Priest
29. Pierre de Thury, Bishop of Maillezais, Cardinal-Priest
30. Consistory of 1387.01 : only Jerónimo de Aragón (45), Bishop of Valencia (Spain), Cardinal-Priest
31. Consistory of 1389.11.03 : only Jean de Talaru, Metropolitan Archbishop of Lyon (France), Cardinal-Priest
32. Consistory of 1390.07.21 : only Martín de Zalba (53), Bishop of Pamplona (Spain), Cardinal-Priest
33. Consistory of 1390.10.17 (2)
34. Jean Flandrin (89), Metropolitan Archbishop of Auch (France), Cardinal-Priest
35. Pierre Girard, Bishop of Le Puy-en-Velay (France), Cardinal-Priest
36. Consistory of 1391.04.17 : only Guillaume de Vergy (41), Metropolitan Archbishop of Besançon (France), Cardinal-Priest
37. Consistory of 1394.01.23 : only Pedro Fernández de Frías, Bishop of Osma (Spain), Cardinal-Priest

; Antipope Benedict XIII (1394–1423) - 7 consistories, 19 pseudocardinals

1. Consistory of 1395.12.24 : only Pierre Blain, Cardinal-Deacon
2. Consistory of 1397.09.22
3. Fernando Pérez Calvillo, Bishop of Tarazona (Spain), Cardinal-Priest
4. Jofré de Boil, Cardinal-Deacon
5. Pedro Serra, Bishop of Catania (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
6. Consistory of 1397.12.21
7. Berenguer de Anglesola, Bishop of Gerona (Spain), Cardinal-Priest
8. Bonifacio Ammannati, Cardinal-Deacon
9. Louis de Bar (27), Bishop-elect of Langres (France), Cardinal-Deacon
10. Consistory of 1404.05.09
11. Miguel de Zalba (30), Cardinal-Deacon
12. Antoine de Challant (54), Cardinal-Deacon
13. Consistory of 1408.09.22
14. Pierre Ravat, Canons Regular of Saint Augustine (C.R.S.A.), Bishop of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières (France), Cardinal-Priest
15. Jean d’Armagnac (58), Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Auch (France), Cardinal-Priest
16. Friar Juan Martínez de Murillo, Cistercian Order (O. Cist.), Cardinal-Priest
17. Carlos Jordán de Urriés y Pérez Salanova, Cardinal-Deacon
18. Alfonso Carrillo de Albornoz, Cardinal-Deacon
19. Consistory of 1412.12.14 : only Pedro Fonseca, Cardinal-Deacon
20. Consistory of 1423.05.22
21. Julián Lobera y Valtierra, Cardinal-Priest
22. Ximeno Dahe, Cardinal-Priest
23. Domingo de Bonnefoi, Carthusians (O. Cart.), Cardinal-Priest
24. Bishop Jean Carrier, Cardinal-Priest

; Antipope John XXIII (1410–1415) - 4 consistories, 18 pseudocardinals

1. Consistory of 1411.06.06
2. Francesco Lando, Latin Patriarch of Constantinople and Latin Patriarch emeritus of Grado (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
3. Antonio Panciera (61), Latin Patriarch of Aquileia (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
4. Alemanno Adimari (49), Metropolitan Archbishop of Pisa (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
5. João Afonso Esteves da Azambuja (71), Metropolitan Archbishop of Lisboa (Portugal), Cardinal-Priest
6. Pierre d'Ailly (61), Bishop of Cambrai (France), Cardinal-Priest
7. Georg von Liechtenstein-Nicolsburg (51), Bishop of Trento (Italy), declined his uncanonical promotion
8. Tommaso Brancaccio, Bishop of Tricarico (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
9. Branda Castiglione (61), Bishop emeritus of Piacenza (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
10. Archbishop Thomas Langley (48), Bishop of Durham (England), Cardinal-Priest
11. Archbishop Robert Hallam, Bishop of Salisbury (England), Cardinal-Priest
12. Gilles Deschamps (61), Bishop of Coutances (France), Cardinal-Priest
13. Guglielmo Carbone, Bishop of Chieti (Italy), Cardinal-Priest
14. Father Guillaume Fillastre (63), Cardinal-Priest
15. Msgr. Lucido Conti, Cardinal-Deacon
16. Francesco Zabarella (50), Bishop of Firenze (Italy), Cardinal-Deacon
17. Consistory of 1413.04.13 : only Simon of Cramaud (68), Latin Patriarch of Alexandria, Metropolitan Archbishop of Reims (France) and Apostolic Administrator of Avignon (France), Cardinal-Priest
18. Consistory of 1413.11.18 : only Giacomo Isolani (53), Cardinal-Deacon
19. Consistory of 1414.09 : only Pierre de Foix, O.F.M. (28), Bishop of Lescar (France), Cardinal-Priest

• [http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/cardinals-consistory.htm GCatholic - Creations of (pseudo)cardinals by (Anti-)Pope]
• [http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/data/pcard-AC2.htm under Anacletus II (Rome)]
• [http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/data/pcard-B13.htm under Benedict XIII (Avignon)]
• [http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/data/pcard-C07.htm under Clement VII (Avignon)]
• [http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/data/pcard-J23.htm under John XXIII (Pisa)]
• [http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/data/pcard-NC5.htm under Nicholas V (Rome)]
• [http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/pseudocardinals.htm Catalog of Pseudocardinals (1058-1447)]

{{Antipopes}}

Category:Western Schism