pulhamite

Pulhamite, which usually looked like gritty sandstone, was used to join natural rocks together or crafted to simulate natural stone features. It was so realistic that it fooled some geologists of the era.{{cite book|title=Gardens and Landscapes in Historic Building Conservation|page=460|author=Marion Harney|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2014|isbn=978-1118508138}} The recipe went to the grave with the inventor.{{Cite web |url=http://www.pulham.org.uk/ |title=The Pulham Legacy |access-date=2008-03-19 |archive-date=2008-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080329135704/http://www.pulham.org.uk/ |url-status=live }} Modern analysis of surviving original Pulhamite have shown it to be a blend of sand,

Portland cement and clinker sculpted over a core of rubble and crushed bricks.{{cite book|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture|page=606|author=James Stevens Curl and Susan Wilson|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0199674985}}

It can be viewed in these places:

• Dane Park, MargateMargate{{Circular reference|date=May 2024}}
• Neo-Norman gatehouse and folly at Benington Lordship in Hertfordshire
• Rockery, Burslem Park
• Cascade and Rock Garden, Ramsgate,{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-171885-rock-gardens-and-cascade-ramsgate-kent |title=Rock Gardens and Cascade, Ramsgate |website =www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}
• Courtstairs Chine, Ramsgate,{{cite web |title=Courtstairs Chine, Ramsgate |url=https://www.parksandgardens.org/places/courtstairs-chine-ramsgate-1 |website=Parks & Gardens |access-date=27 August 2021 |language=en}}
• Garden Folly, Sydenham Hill Wood, Sydenham, London.
• Grottoes at Dewstow Gardens, South Wales
• Dunorlan Park, Tunbridge Wells{{cite web |url=http://www.tunbridgewellsmuseum.info/default.aspx?page=1787&StyleType=larger&StyleClass=FontSize |title=History of Dunorlan Park |year=2013 |website=tunbridgewellsmuseum.info |access-date=6 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140107054200/http://www.tunbridgewellsmuseum.info/default.aspx?page=1787&StyleType=larger&StyleClass=FontSize |archive-date=7 January 2014 }}
• Felixstowe Spa and Winter Garden, Suffolk{{NHLE|num=1001220|desc=Cliff Gardens and Town Hall Garden|accessdate=22 September 2014}}
• Fernery and waterfall, Bromley Palace Park, Bromley{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-171885-rock-gardens-and-cascade-ramsgate-kent |title=Pulhamite Fernery, Bromley Palace Park, Bromley|website =britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-503799-pulhamite-waterfall-in-bromley-palace-pa |title=Pulhamite Waterfall in Bromley Palace Park, Bromley |website =www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}
• Grotto, Wotton House, Surrey
• Water course and pump tower, The Dell, Englefield Green
• Henley Hall, Shropshire
• Lake and rockery, Milton Mount Gardens, Crawley{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-504453-pulhamite-rock-islet-in-lake-at-milton-m |title =Pulhamite Rock Islet in Lake at Milton Mount Gardens (Former Worth Park), Crawley |website=britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-504452-pulhamite-rockery-at-milton-mount-garden |title =Pulhamite Rockery at Milton Mount Gardens (Former Worth Park Gardens), Crawley |website=britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}
• Leonardslee, rockery in Grade I listed garden at Lower Beeding, near Horsham, West Sussex, England.{{cite journal |last1=Slade |first1=Naomi |title=Starting a colourful new chapter |journal=The Garden |date=July 2022 |volume=147 |issue=4 |pages=100–106}}
• Newstead Abbey fernery, Nottinghamshire{{cite web |url=http://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/article/22218/About-Us |title=About Newstead Abbey |website=www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk |year=2012 |accessdate=3 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104011050/http://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/article/22218/About-Us |archive-date=4 January 2014 |url-status=dead }}
• Rock Cliff, Bawdsey Manor, Suffolk{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-1406805-bawdsey-manor-pulhamite-cliff-structure |title=Bawdsey Manor Pulhamite Cliff Structures, Bawdsey |website =britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}
• Water Garden, Highnam Court, Gloucester{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-134328-grotto-about-10-metres-south-west-of-wal |title=Pulhamite Water Garden |website =britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=5 May 2014}}
• Zig-zag Path, Lower Leas Coastal Park, Folkestone{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-486585-pulhamite-caves-folkestone-kent |title=Pulhamite Caves, Folkestone |website =britishlistedbuildings.co.uk |accessdate=21 February 2014}}
• Rosshall Park, Glasgow
• Gardens at Waddesdon Manor, Buckinghamshire{{Cite news|url=https://waddesdon.org.uk/your-visit/grounds/explore-the-gardens/|title=Explore the gardens - Waddesdon Manor|work=Waddesdon Manor|access-date=2017-05-04|language=en-GB}}
• Heythrop Park, Oxfordshire
• Fernery at Danesbury Park, Hertfordshire.
• Waterfall at Battersea Park, London.
• Madresfield Court and gardens, Worcestershire
• Gardens at Coombe Wood, Croydon.
• Colney Hall near Norwich
• Cliffs at North Shore, Blackpool[https://democracy.blackpool.gov.uk/documents/s49453/Appendix%20A%20Cabin%20Lift.pdf Unknown]{{Dead link | date=April 2025 | fix-attempted=yes}}
• Former Terraced Gardens, Rivington, Lancashire.{{cite web |last1=Harris |first1=John |title=1903 – Rivington, Lever Park, Lancashire Pulham's Rivington Ravine… and more! |url=https://pulham.org.uk/1903-rivington-lever-park-lancashire/ |website=The Pulham Legacy |date=13 April 2021 |access-date=11 November 2021}}

File:Pulhamite Cliff Walk at Bawdsey Manor-geograph-2346581.jpg|Pulhamite cliff walk at Bawdsey Manor

File:Sydenham Woods - a folly-geograph-2208729-by-Brian-Whittle.jpg|Folly in Sydenham Hill Wood

File:Pulham rocks in the Water Garden at Waddesdon Manor estate.jpg|Pulham rocks in the Water Garden at Waddesdon Manor estate

File:Folkestone, Leas Cliff Zig-Zag-Path-geograph-2285893-by-Helmut-Zozmann.jpg|Zig-zag Path in Folkestone

File:Pulhamite grotto at Wotton House.jpg|Pulhamite grotto at Wotton House, Surrey

• Cast stone
• Folly

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.pulham.org.uk/ The Pulham Legacy]
• [https://content.historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/durability-guaranteed-pulhamite-rockwork/durabilityguaranteedpulhamite.pdf Durability Guaranteed – Pulhamite Rockwork] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222135553/https://content.historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/durability-guaranteed-pulhamite-rockwork/durabilityguaranteedpulhamite.pdf |date=2015-12-22 }} pdf file on the English Heritage website.
• [http://www.londongardenstrust.org/index.htm?features/pulham.htm The Story of Pulhamite Rockwork]
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vq_S8pR2AfA Pulham at Waddesdon Manor video]

Category:Building stone

Category:Architectural history

Category:Rock formations

Category:Victorian architecture

Category:Gardening in England