revisionism (Marxism)

{{short description|Set of ideas, principles, and theories based on Marxism}}

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In Marxist philosophy, revisionism, otherwise known as Marxist reformism, represents various ideas, principles, and theories that are based on a reform or revision of Marxism. According to their critics, this involves a significant revision of fundamental Marxist theories and premises, and usually involves making an alliance with the bourgeois class.Oxford English Dictionary Revisionism 1. "A policy first put forward in the 1890s by Edward Bernstein (1850–1932) advocating the introduction of socialism through evolution rather than revolution, in opposition to the orthodox view of Marxists; hence a term of abuse used within the communist world for an interpretation of Marxism which is felt to threaten the canonical policy." Cites the first use in English "1903 Social-Democrat VII. 84 (heading) Revisionism in Germany." Some academic economists have used revisionism to describe post-Stalinist, Eastern European writers who criticized one-party rule and argued in favour of freedom of the press and of the arts, intra- and sometimes inter-party democracy, independent labour unions, the abolition of bureaucratic privileges, and the subordination of police forces to the judiciary power.{{Cite journal |last=Paltemaa |first=Lauri |date=2007 |title=The Democracy Wall Movement, Marxist Revisionism, and the Variations on Socialist Democracy |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10670560701562325 |journal=Journal of Contemporary China |language=en |volume=16 |issue=53 |pages=602 |doi=10.1080/10670560701562325 |s2cid=143933209 |issn=1067-0564}}

In Marxist discourse, revisionism often carries pejorative connotations and the term has been used by many different factions. It is typically applied to others and rarely as a self-description. By extension, Marxists who view themselves as fighting against revisionism have often self-identified as Marxist–Leninist anti-revisionists. Revisionism is most often used as an epithet by those Marxists who believe that such revisions are unwarranted and represent a watering down or abandonment of Marxism—one such common example is the negation of class struggle.{{cite book |first=Mao |last=Tse-Tung |author-link=Mao Zedong |date=July 1964 |url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/1964/phnycom.htm |title=On Khrushchov's Phoney Communism and Its Historical Lessons for the World |quote=... the revisionist Khrushchov clique base themselves mainly on the argument that ... class struggle no longer exists. |via=Marxists Internet Archive}}