show and tell

{{short description|School activity}}

{{other uses}}

File:Show and tell.jpg

Show and tell (sometimes called show and share or sharing time) is the practice of showing something to an audience and describing it to them, usually a toy or other children's-oriented item. In the United Kingdom, North America, New Zealand and Australia, it is a common classroom activity in early elementary school.Ammer, Christine. (1997). [https://books.google.com/books?id=9re1vfFh04sC&pg=PA580&dq= "show and tell,"] The American Heritage dictionary of idioms, p. 580. In a typical session of show and tell, a child will bring an item from home and will explain to the class why they chose that particular item, where they got it, and other relevant information.

The exact origins of show and tell are unknown, but it was written about as early as 1954 in the journal Childhood Education.{{Cite web|last=Mortlock|first=Anita|date=November 2014|title=Children's narratives at 'show-and-tell': What do the storybooks tell us about being known, being better and being judged?|url=https://www.hekupu.ac.nz/article/childrens-narratives-show-and-tell-what-do-storybooks-tell-us-about-being-known-being|access-date=2021-03-02|website=Hekupu|language=en}} Show and tell is used to develop storytelling ability, bridge school and home, forge connections and bonds between students, help teachers to gain a better understanding of their students, and enhance student's communication skills, including around feelings.{{Cite journal|last=Oken-Wright|first=Pamela|date=1988|title=Show-and-Tell Grows Up|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42726052|journal=Young Children|volume=43|issue=2|pages=52–58|jstor=42726052|issn=0044-0728}} It can also be used to build public speaking skills such as voice projection and poise.{{Cite journal|last=Nelson|first=Dorothy H.|date=1976|title=D. and E.: Show and Tell, Grown Up|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41404130|journal=Language Arts|volume=53|issue=2|pages=203–205|jstor=41404130|issn=0360-9170}} Variants of show and tell have been used to teach vocabulary.{{Cite journal|last=Laner|first=Karen|date=1986|title=Show and Tell: Alive and Well|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20199247|journal=The Reading Teacher|volume=39|issue=8|pages=869–870|jstor=20199247|issn=0034-0561}} Although often thought of as an activity for younger children, teachers have described successfully bringing it into classrooms of students in middle and even secondary grades.{{Cite journal|last1=Camp|first1=Donna J.|last2=Tompkins|first2=Gail E.|date=1990|title=Show and tell in middle school?|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23023756|journal=Middle School Journal|volume=21|issue=4|pages=18–20|doi=10.1080/00940771.1990.11495079|jstor=23023756|issn=0094-0771|url-access=subscription}}{{Cite journal|last=Gump|first=Steven E.|date=2006|title=Quick Fix: Productively Waiting for Latecomers|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27559256|journal=College Teaching|volume=54|issue=1|pages=181|doi=10.3200/CTCH.54.1.181-208|jstor=27559256|s2cid=143875835|issn=8756-7555|url-access=subscription}} The name has also been used to describe other educational practices, such as a way for students to demonstrate mathematical thinking.{{Cite journal|last=Hafner|first=Anne L.|date=2016-06-23|title=Teaching-Method Scales and Mathematics-Class Achievement: What Works With Different Outcomes?|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.3102/00028312030001071|journal=American Educational Research Journal|volume=30|pages=71–94|language=en|doi=10.3102/00028312030001071|s2cid=144173383|url-access=subscription}}

The teacher's role in show and tell can vary. The teacher may suggest a theme for the objects, such as particular vocabulary words. During the presentation of the object, some teachers do minimal guidance, while other teachers take a more active role in preparing students for the activity, helping students give a successful share, and in guiding questions and comments from other students.{{Cite journal|last=Alsafi|first=Abdullah T.|date=1994|title=Psychological Reality and the Role of the Teacher in Early-Education Sharing Time|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3444286|journal=International Review of Education |volume=40|issue=1|pages=59–69|doi=10.1007/BF01103004|jstor=3444286|bibcode=1994IREdu..40...59A|s2cid=143476489|issn=0020-8566|url-access=subscription}} A 1994 paper found more involved teaching can lead to better psychological gains for students than a more passive approach.

A 2014 study found over 50 picture books about show and tell.

Show and tell has been criticized for the amount of time it takes, monotony, and for penalizing shy students.{{Cite journal|last=Timberlake|first=Pat|date=1973|title=I Hate Show and Tell!|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41388040|journal=Elementary English|volume=50|issue=4|pages=651–652|jstor=41388040|issn=0013-5968}}