sister republic
{{Short description|Client state of France during the French Revolutionary Wars}}
{{for|the established republic by revolutionaries|revolutionary republic}}
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File:ChampRep.jpg ("God, how it grows; It's terrifying"), Russian ("That should be good to eat"), and Austrian ("Don't touch that, my friend, it's poisonous") monarchs watch how republics spring up like mushrooms around France, spreading towards other European capitals]]
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Sister republics ({{langx|fr|république sœur}}, {{IPA|fr|ʁepyblik sœʁ|pron|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-république sœur.wav}}) were republics established by the French First Republic or local pro-French revolutionaries during the French Revolutionary Wars. Though nominally independent, sister republics were heavily reliant on French protection, making them in effect client states of France. This became particularly evident after the First French Empire was established in 1804, after which France annexed several sister republics and transformed the remainder into monarchies ruled by members of the House of Bonaparte.
History
The French Revolution was a period of social and political upheaval in France from 1789 until 1799. The Republicans who overthrew the monarchy were driven by ideas of popular sovereignty, rule of law, and representative democracy. The Republicans borrowed ideas and values from Whiggism and Enlightenment philosophers. The French Republic supported the spread of republican principles in Europe. According to Paul D. Van Wie most of these sister republics became a means of controlling occupied lands as client regimes through a mix of French and local power.{{cite book|last=Van Wie |first=Paul D. |title=Image, History, and Politics: The Coinage of Modern Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=egIVS0rwFhUC&pg=PA116 |date=1999 |access-date=24 June 2015 |pages=116–7|publisher=University Press of America |isbn=9780761812227 }}
Sister republics in Italy
- The Subalpine Republic (1800–1802), annexed by the French Republic
- The Piedmontese Republic (1798–1799), conquered by Austro-Russian troops and rendered back to Sardinia, but reconquered by Napoleon in 1800 and renamed the Subalpine Republic (Novara to the Italian Republic)
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Alba.svg}} Republic of Alba (1796), reconquered by the Kingdom of Sardinia
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Parthenopaean Republic.svg}} Parthenopean Republic (1799), reconquered by the Sanfedisti for the King of Naples and Sicily
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Pescara.svg}} Republic of Pescara (1799), reunited with the Kingdom of Naples
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Romana 1798.svg}} Roman Republic (1798–1799), ended with the restoration of the Papal States
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Anconitana.svg}} Anconine Republic (1797–1798), joined the Roman Republic
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} Tiberina Republic (1798–1799), joined the Roman Republic
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of Genoa.svg}} Ligurian Republic (1797–1805), annexed by the French Empire
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of Lucca (1799-1801).svg}} Republic of Lucca (1799 and 1800–01), later continued (1801–05) under the old oligarchy and replaced by the Principality of Lucca and Piombino
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Italian Republic (Napoleonic) with coat of arms.svg}} Italian Republic (1802–1805), transformed into the Kingdom of Italy
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Cisalpina.svg}} Cisalpine Republic (1797–1802), transformed into the Italian Republic
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Cispadane Republic.svg}} Cispadane Republic (1796–1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic
- The Bolognese Republic (1796), annexed by the Cispadane Republic
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Transpadana.svg}} Transpadane Republic (1796–1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic
- The {{Flagicon image|It cremasca.gif}} Republic of Crema (1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic
- The Republic of Bergamo (1797), formed the Cisalpine Republic
- The Republic of Brescia (1797), annexed by the Cisalpine Republic
- The Provisional Municipality of Venice (1797–1798), annexed by the Austrian Empire
Other sister republics
File:D062- N° 435. Les républiques sœurs. - Liv3-Ch16.png
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of Bouillon.svg}} Republic of Bouillon (1794–1795)
- The {{Flagicon image|LuikVlag.svg}} Republic of Liège (1789–1791)
- The Rauracian Republic (1792–1793), French revolutionary republic in Basel
- The Lémanique Republic (1798), joined the Helvetic Republic
- The Republic of Mainz (1793), French revolutionary republic in Rhenish Hesse and the Electoral Palatinate
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the navy of the Batavian Republic.svg}} Batavian Republic (1795–1806)
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Cisrhenian Republic.svg}} Cisrhenian Republic (1797)
- The {{Flagicon image|Green harp flag of Ireland.svg}} Irish Republic (1798), accompanied General Jean Joseph Amable Humbert's Irish expedition in support of the Irish Rebellion of 1798
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Helvetic Republic (French).svg}} Helvetic Republic (1798–1803)
- The {{Flagicon image|Gdansk flag.svg}} Republic of Danzig (1807–1814)
- The {{Flagicon image|Flag of Canton of Valais (1802–1815).svg}} Rhodanic Republic (1802–1810) (Valais)