solar eclipse of July 10, 1972
{{Short description|Total eclipse}}
{{Infobox solar eclipse|1972Jul10
| previous = Solar eclipse of January 16, 1972
| next = Solar eclipse of January 4, 1973
}}
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Monday, July 10 and Tuesday, July 11, 1972,{{cite web|title=July 10, 1972 Total Solar Eclipse|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/solar/1972-july-10|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=8 August 2024}} with a magnitude of 1.0379. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.8 days after perigee (on July 7, 1972, at 23:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1972&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=8 August 2024}}
It was visible as a total eclipse along a path of totality that began in Sea of Okhotsk and traversed the far eastern portions of the Soviet Union (which now belongs to Russia) on July 11 local time, northern Alaska in the United States, Northern Canada, eastern Quebec and the Canadian Maritimes on July 10 local time. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of the northern Soviet Union, North America, the Caribbean, northern South America, and Northern Europe.
The eclipse was mostly seen on July 10, 1972, except for the Asian part of Soviet Union and Japanese island Hokkaido, where either a partial or a total eclipse was seen on July 11 local time, and part of the Soviet Union along the coast of Kara Sea, where a partial eclipse started on July 10, passing midnight and ended on July 11 due to the midnight sun.
Observations
A team of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union observed the total solar eclipse in Russkaya Koshka, Magadan Oblast (now separated into Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) on the coast of Gulf of Anadyr. The weather condition was clear, and the team successfully took images of the corona and made polarization observations to study its structure and physical characteristics.{{Cite web|title=ЗАТМЕНИЕ 30 ИЮНЯ 1972 г.|url=http://www.izmiran.ru/info/personalia/molodensky/Eclips72.html|publisher=IZMIRAN|language=ru|archive-date=22 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622213059/https://www.izmiran.ru/info/personalia/molodensky/Eclips72.html}} In Nova Scotia, Canada, the eclipse was clouded out and could not be observed. Besides that, 850 passengers boarded a cruise ship from New York City and saw a total eclipse successfully in North Atlantic Ocean. Many scientists also boarded the ship and did research, and some also gave classes in meteorology, oceanography, etc., which almost all passengers attended.{{cite web|title=Voyage to Darkness|url=http://www.nauticom.net/users/planet/files/jul08olym.html|publisher=Pedas Family|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404123531/http://www.nauticom.net/users/planet/files/jul08olym.html|archivedate=4 April 2016}}{{cite news|author=Philip G. Schrag|title=For Two Extremely Short Minutes Everyone Gaped Into the Sky|url=http://www.nauticom.net/users/planet/files/EclipseHistory-LetThereBeDarkness.html|work=New York Times|date=30 July 1972|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404125953/http://www.nauticom.net/users/planet/files/EclipseHistory-LetThereBeDarkness.html|archivedate=4 April 2016}}
"You're So Vain"
The eclipse is referenced in the lyrics of Carly Simon's 1972 hit song "You're So Vain."{{cite web | title=You're So Vain by Carly Simon | website=Songfacts | url=https://www.songfacts.com/facts/carly-simon/youre-so-vain | access-date=2024-12-01 | quote="Glenn A. Walsh, who was Astronomical Observatory Coordinator and a Planetarium Lecturer for Pittsburgh's original Buhl Planetarium, told us: ... In fact, one day in mid-June of 1972, a colleague and I were in the radio station when the record was played. When that particular lyric was heard, he turned to me and said, 'that would be nice.' I knew he meant that it would be nice to fly to Nova Scotia and see the eclipse the next month."}} The subject of the song, after witnessing his racehorse win "naturally" at the Saratoga Race Course, flies his Learjet to Nova Scotia to see the eclipse; Simon uses the two phenomena as examples of how the subject seems to be "where (he) should be all the time." Simon released the song four months after the eclipse.{{cite web |title=YOU’RE SO VAIN: THE TRUTH BEHIND CARLY SIMON’S MYSTERIOUS BREAKUP SONG |url=https://www.thisisdig.com/feature/youre-so-vain-carly-simon-song-story/ |website=This Is Dig! |publisher=Warner Music Group |access-date=11 April 2024 |date=2022-11-08}}
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 1972 Jul 10|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1901-2000/SE1972Jul10Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=8 August 2024}}
| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|left|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+July 10, 1972 Solar Eclipse Times ! Event ! Time (UTC) |
| First Penumbral External Contact
| 1972 July 10 at 17:19:47.5 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact
| 1972 July 10 at 18:28:23.8 UTC |
| First Central Line
| 1972 July 10 at 18:29:24.0 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact
| 1972 July 10 at 18:30:24.5 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction
| 1972 July 10 at 19:29:05.3 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction
| 1972 July 10 at 19:39:28.3 UTC |
| Greatest Duration
| 1972 July 10 at 19:43:47.8 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse
| 1972 July 10 at 19:46:38.1 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact
| 1972 July 10 at 21:03:06.0 UTC |
| Last Central Line
| 1972 July 10 at 21:04:04.1 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact
| 1972 July 10 at 21:05:01.8 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact
| 1972 July 10 at 22:13:41.2 UTC |
| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|right}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+July 10, 1972 Solar Eclipse Parameters ! Parameter ! Value |
| Eclipse Magnitude
| 1.03790 |
| Eclipse Obscuration
| 1.07723 |
| Gamma
| 0.68719 |
| Sun Right Ascension
| 07h20m39.3s |
| Sun Declination
| +22°08'59.1" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 15'43.9" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.6" |
| Moon Right Ascension
| 07h21m20.3s |
| Moon Declination
| +22°48'27.6" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 16'08.2" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 0°59'13.3" |
| ΔT
| 42.8 s |
{{clear}}
Eclipse season
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of July 1972 ! July 10 | |
| 200px | 200px |
| align=center
| Total solar eclipse | Partial lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 138 |
Related eclipses
= Eclipses in 1972 =
- An annular solar eclipse on January 16.
- A total lunar eclipse on January 30.
- A total solar eclipse on July 10.
- A partial lunar eclipse on July 26.
= Metonic =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 22, 1968
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 29, 1976
= Tzolkinex =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 30, 1965
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 22, 1979
= Half-Saros =
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of July 6, 1963
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 17, 1981
= Tritos =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 11, 1961
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 11, 1983
= Solar Saros 126 =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 30, 1954
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 22, 1990
= Inex =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 1, 1943
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 21, 2001
= Triad =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 8, 1885
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 11, 2059
= Solar eclipses of 1971–1974 =
{{Solar eclipse set 1971–1974}}
= Saros 126 =
{{Solar_Saros_series_126}}
= Metonic series =
{{Solar Metonic series 1953–2029}}
= Tritos series =
{{Solar Tritos series 2005 April 8}}
= Inex series =
{{Solar Inex series 2001 June 21}}
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
{{Solar eclipse NASA reference|1951/SE1972Jul10T|19720710}}
- [http://www.eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1972.php Foto solar eclipse of July 10, 1972 in Russia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808025005/http://www.eclipse-2008.ru/eclipse/1972.php |date=August 8, 2009 }}
- [http://www.izmiran.ru/info/personalia/molodensky/Eclips72.html Foto solar eclipse of July 10, 1972 in Russia (2)]
- [http://www.izmiran.ru/info/personalia/molodensky/kishonkov.html Image solar eclipse of July 10, 1972]
{{Solar eclipses}}
{{Commons category|Solar eclipse of 1972 July 10}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Solar Eclipse Of July 10, 1972}}