solar eclipse of May 6, 1883
{{Short description|Total eclipse}}
{{Infobox solar eclipse|1883May06
| previous = Solar eclipse of November 10, 1882
| next = Solar eclipse of October 30, 1883
}}
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Sunday, May 6, and Monday, May 7, 1883, with a magnitude of 1.0634. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.1 days after perigee (on May 5, 1883, at 20:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1883&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=29 August 2024}}
The path of totality was visible from parts of the South Pacific Ocean. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of eastern Australia, Oceania, Hawaii, Central America, and western South America.
Observations
An expedition of American astronomers traveled from Peru to Caroline Island aboard the {{USS|Hartford|1858|6}} to observe the total solar eclipse. A French expedition also observed the eclipse from Caroline, and the United States Navy mapped the atoll.{{cite book | last = Bryan | first = E.H. | year = 1942 | title = American Polynesia and the Hawaiian Chain | publisher = Tongg Publishing Company | location = Honolulu }} Johann Palisa, a member of the expedition, discovered an asteroid later that year which he named Carolina "in remembrance of his visit to [the] island".{{cite book | first=L.D. | last=Schmadel | year=2000 | title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names | edition=4th | publisher=Springer-Verlag Telos |location=Berlin | isbn=3-540-66292-8 }}
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 1883 May 06|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1801-1900/SE1883May06Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=29 August 2024}}
| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|left|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+May 6, 1883 Solar Eclipse Times ! Event ! Time (UTC) |
| First Penumbral External Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 19:21:10.1 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 20:18:44.5 UTC |
| First Central Line
| 1883 May 6 at 20:20:08.5 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 20:21:32.7 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 21:34:45.7 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction
| 1883 May 6 at 21:45:09.2 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse
| 1883 May 6 at 21:53:48.9 UTC |
| Greatest Duration
| 1883 May 6 at 21:56:03.6 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction
| 1883 May 6 at 21:58:10.3 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 22:13:04.8 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 23:26:12.7 UTC |
| Last Central Line
| 1883 May 6 at 23:27:35.7 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact
| 1883 May 6 at 23:28:58.4 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact
| 1883 May 7 at 00:26:34.2 UTC |
| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|right}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+May 6, 1883 Solar Eclipse Parameters ! Parameter ! Value |
| Eclipse Magnitude
| 1.06341 |
| Eclipse Obscuration
| 1.13085 |
| Gamma
| −0.42503 |
| Sun Right Ascension
| 02h54m04.8s |
| Sun Declination
| +16°37'58.2" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 15'50.7" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension
| 02h54m25.5s |
| Moon Declination
| +16°12'38.1" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 16'35.5" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 1°00'53.6" |
| ΔT
| -5.6 s |
{{clear}}
Eclipse season
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of April–May 1883 ! April 22 | |
| 200px | |
| align=center
| Partial lunar eclipse | Total solar eclipse Solar Saros 136 |
Related eclipses
= Eclipses in 1883 =
- A partial lunar eclipse on April 22.
- A total solar eclipse on May 6.
- A partial lunar eclipse on October 16.
- An annular solar eclipse on October 30.
= Metonic =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 19, 1879
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of February 22, 1887
= Tzolkinex =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of March 25, 1876
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 17, 1890
= Half-Saros =
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of May 1, 1874
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of May 11, 1892
= Tritos =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 6, 1872
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 6, 1894
= Solar Saros 136 =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of April 25, 1865
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 18, 1901
= Inex =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 26, 1854
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 17, 1912
= Triad =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 4, 1796
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of March 7, 1970
= Solar eclipses of 1880–1884 =
{{Lunar year eclipse set info}}
The solar eclipses on January 11, 1880 (total), July 7, 1880 (annular), and December 31, 1880 (partial) occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on March 27, 1884 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!class="nowrap" colspan="7" | Solar eclipse series sets from 1880 to 1884 |
| scope="col" colspan="3" | Ascending node
| rowspan="6" | ! scope="col" colspan="3" | Descending node |
|---|
| style="text-align: center;"
! scope="col" | Saros ! scope="col" | Map ! scope="col" | Gamma ! scope="col" | Saros ! scope="col" | Map ! scope="col" | Gamma |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 111 | December 2, 1880 | −1.5172 | 116 | May 27, 1881 | 1.1345 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 121 | November 21, 1881 | −0.8931 | 126 | May 17, 1882 | 0.3269 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 131 | November 10, 1882 | −0.2056 | 136 | May 6, 1883 | −0.4250 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 141 | October 30, 1883 | 0.5030 | 146 | April 25, 1884 | −1.1365 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 151 | October 19, 1884 | 1.1892 | | | | |
= Saros 136 =
{{Solar Saros series 136}}
= Metonic series =
{{Solar Metonic series 1830–1917}}
= Tritos series =
{{Solar Tritos series 2003 May 31}}
= Inex series =
{{Solar Inex series 2028 January 26}}
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
- [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1883-05-06.gif NASA graphic]
- [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=18830506 Googlemap]
- [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEdata.php?Ecl=18830506 NASA Besselian elements]
- [https://www.jstor.org/pss/115567 The Total Solar Eclipse of 16th April, 1893. Report on Results Obtained with the Slit Spectroscopes, by E. H. Hills, 1894, The Royal Society.]
- [http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/scientific-american/sup2/The-Solar-Eclipse-Of-May-6-1883.html Scientific American: The Solar Eclipse Of May 6, 1883], Professor C. S. Hastings, of the Johns Hopkins University, also includes many interesting details in his account of the trip
- The total solar eclipse of May 6, 1883, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 44, p. 180 [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1884MNRAS..44..180.]
- Some of the Meteorological Results of the Total Solar Eclipse of May 6, 1883, Nature 31, 601–601 (30 April 1885) [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v31/n809/abs/031601b0.html]
{{Solar eclipses}}
{{Commons category|Solar eclipse of 1883 May 6}}