solar eclipse of May 6, 1883

{{Short description|Total eclipse}}

{{Infobox solar eclipse|1883May06

| previous = Solar eclipse of November 10, 1882

| next = Solar eclipse of October 30, 1883

}}

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Sunday, May 6, and Monday, May 7, 1883, with a magnitude of 1.0634. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.1 days after perigee (on May 5, 1883, at 20:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1883&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=29 August 2024}}

The path of totality was visible from parts of the South Pacific Ocean. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of eastern Australia, Oceania, Hawaii, Central America, and western South America.

Observations

An expedition of American astronomers traveled from Peru to Caroline Island aboard the {{USS|Hartford|1858|6}} to observe the total solar eclipse. A French expedition also observed the eclipse from Caroline, and the United States Navy mapped the atoll.{{cite book | last = Bryan | first = E.H. | year = 1942 | title = American Polynesia and the Hawaiian Chain | publisher = Tongg Publishing Company | location = Honolulu }} Johann Palisa, a member of the expedition, discovered an asteroid later that year which he named Carolina "in remembrance of his visit to [the] island".{{cite book | first=L.D. | last=Schmadel | year=2000 | title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names | edition=4th | publisher=Springer-Verlag Telos |location=Berlin | isbn=3-540-66292-8 }}

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Solar Eclipse of 1883 May 06|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1801-1900/SE1883May06Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=29 August 2024}}

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|+May 6, 1883 Solar Eclipse Times

! Event

! Time (UTC)

First Penumbral External Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 19:21:10.1 UTC

First Umbral External Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 20:18:44.5 UTC

First Central Line

| 1883 May 6 at 20:20:08.5 UTC

First Umbral Internal Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 20:21:32.7 UTC

First Penumbral Internal Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 21:34:45.7 UTC

Equatorial Conjunction

| 1883 May 6 at 21:45:09.2 UTC

Greatest Eclipse

| 1883 May 6 at 21:53:48.9 UTC

Greatest Duration

| 1883 May 6 at 21:56:03.6 UTC

Ecliptic Conjunction

| 1883 May 6 at 21:58:10.3 UTC

Last Penumbral Internal Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 22:13:04.8 UTC

Last Umbral Internal Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 23:26:12.7 UTC

Last Central Line

| 1883 May 6 at 23:27:35.7 UTC

Last Umbral External Contact

| 1883 May 6 at 23:28:58.4 UTC

Last Penumbral External Contact

| 1883 May 7 at 00:26:34.2 UTC

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|+May 6, 1883 Solar Eclipse Parameters

! Parameter

! Value

Eclipse Magnitude

| 1.06341

Eclipse Obscuration

| 1.13085

Gamma

| −0.42503

Sun Right Ascension

| 02h54m04.8s

Sun Declination

| +16°37'58.2"

Sun Semi-Diameter

| 15'50.7"

Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 08.7"

Moon Right Ascension

| 02h54m25.5s

Moon Declination

| +16°12'38.1"

Moon Semi-Diameter

| 16'35.5"

Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 1°00'53.6"

ΔT

| -5.6 s

{{clear}}

Eclipse season

{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

class="wikitable"

|+ Eclipse season of April–May 1883

! April 22
Ascending node (full moon)
!! May 6
Descending node (new moon)

200px
align=center

| Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 110

Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 136

Related eclipses

= Eclipses in 1883 =

= Metonic =

= Tzolkinex =

= Half-Saros =

= Tritos =

= Solar Saros 136 =

= Inex =

= Triad =

= Solar eclipses of 1880–1884 =

{{Lunar year eclipse set info}}

The solar eclipses on January 11, 1880 (total), July 7, 1880 (annular), and December 31, 1880 (partial) occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on March 27, 1884 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

!class="nowrap" colspan="7" | Solar eclipse series sets from 1880 to 1884

scope="col" colspan="3" | Ascending node

| rowspan="6" | 

! scope="col" colspan="3" | Descending node

style="text-align: center;"

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

! scope="col" | Saros

! scope="col" | Map

! scope="col" | Gamma

style="text-align: center;"

| 111

| December 2, 1880
150px
Partial

| −1.5172

| 116

| May 27, 1881
150px
Partial

| 1.1345

style="text-align: center;"

| 121

| November 21, 1881
150px
Annular

| −0.8931

| 126

| May 17, 1882
150px
Total

| 0.3269

style="text-align: center;"

| 131

| November 10, 1882
150px
Annular

| −0.2056

| 136

| May 6, 1883
150px
Total

| −0.4250

style="text-align: center;"

| 141

| October 30, 1883
150px
Annular

| 0.5030

| 146

| April 25, 1884
150px
Partial

| −1.1365

style="text-align: center;"

| 151

| October 19, 1884
150px
Partial

| 1.1892

|

|

|

|

= Saros 136 =

{{Solar Saros series 136}}

= Metonic series =

{{Solar Metonic series 1830–1917}}

= Tritos series =

{{Solar Tritos series 2003 May 31}}

= Inex series =

{{Solar Inex series 2028 January 26}}

Notes

{{reflist}}

References

  • [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1883-05-06.gif NASA graphic]
  • [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=18830506 Googlemap]
  • [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEdata.php?Ecl=18830506 NASA Besselian elements]
  • [https://www.jstor.org/pss/115567 The Total Solar Eclipse of 16th April, 1893. Report on Results Obtained with the Slit Spectroscopes, by E. H. Hills, 1894, The Royal Society.]
  • [http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/scientific-american/sup2/The-Solar-Eclipse-Of-May-6-1883.html Scientific American: The Solar Eclipse Of May 6, 1883], Professor C. S. Hastings, of the Johns Hopkins University, also includes many interesting details in his account of the trip
  • The total solar eclipse of May 6, 1883, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 44, p. 180 [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1884MNRAS..44..180.]
  • Some of the Meteorological Results of the Total Solar Eclipse of May 6, 1883, Nature 31, 601–601 (30 April 1885) [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v31/n809/abs/031601b0.html]

{{Solar eclipses}}

{{Commons category|Solar eclipse of 1883 May 6}}

1883 06 06

Category:1883 in science

1883 06 06

Category:May 1883