southeastern Spanish ibex

{{Short description|Subspecies of mammal}}

{{subspeciesbox

| name = Southeastern Iberian ibex

| image = Spanish ibex.jpg

| image_caption = Southeastern Iberian ibex from Sierra Nevada

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| genus = Capra

| species = pyrenaica

| species_link = Iberian ibex

| subspecies = hispanica

| authority = Schimper, 1848

}}

The southeastern Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica), or the Spanish ibex, is an ibex that is endemic to Spain and is the only wild caprine native to Spain.{{Cite journal |last1=García-Bocanegra |first1=I. |last2=Cabezón |first2=O. |last3=Pabón |first3=M. |last4=Gómez-Guillamón |first4=F. |last5=Arenas |first5=A. |last6=Alcaide |first6=E. |last7=Salas-Vega |first7=R. |last8=Dubey |first8=J. P. |last9=Almería |first9=S. |date=2012-02-01 |title=Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023310003989 |journal=The Veterinary Journal |language=en |volume=191 |issue=2 |pages=257–260 |doi=10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.11.011 |pmid=21159529 |issn=1090-0233|url-access=subscription }} It is a subspecies of the Iberian ibex.

The Spanish ibex inhabits the Sierra Nevada, Sierra de las Nieves Natural Park, Sierra de Cazorla, Sierra de Grazalema, Montes de Málaga, in Andalucia.{{Cite journal |last1=Santiago-Moreno |first1=Julián |last2=Toledano-Díaz |first2=Adolfo |last3=Pulido-Pastor |first3=Antonio |last4=Gómez-Brunet |first4=Amelia |last5=López-Sebastián |first5=Antonio |date=2006-07-15 |title=Birth of live Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) derived from artificial insemination with epididymal spermatozoa retrieved after death |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0093691X0500511X |journal=Theriogenology |language=en |volume=66 |issue=2 |pages=283–291 |doi=10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.11.012 |pmid=16376980 |issn=0093-691X|url-access=subscription }} It also occurs in the Sierra Morena. Outside Andalucia, it can be found in the Montes de Toledo and in the mountains all along the Spanish Mediterranean, with populations as far north as southern Catalonia.

This ibex has been observed to consume two native species of columbine, Aquilegia paui and Aquilegia vulgaris, despite the toxicity of members of the genus to some mammals. The efforts to conserve the Spanish ibex were evaluated as possibly endangering the conservation of A. paui, a narrow endemic.{{cite book|title=Il Genere Aquilegia L. (Ranunculaceae) in Italia/The Genus Aquilegia (Ranunculaceae) in Italy: Aquilegia Italicarum in Europaearum conspectu descriptio|first=Enio|last=Nardi|publisher=Edizioni Polistampa|date=2015|location=Florence|translator-last1=Coster-Longman|translator-first1=Christina|isbn=9788859615187|page=27}}{{cite journal|title=Shift towards autogamy in the extremely narrow endemic Aquilegia paui and comparison with its widespread close relative A. vulgaris (Ranunculaceae)|first1=M. Carmen|last1=Martinell|first2=Ana|last2=Rovira|first3=Cèsar|last3=Blanché|first4=Maria|last4=Bosch|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|date=August 2011|volume=295|number=1/4|pages=72–83|jstor=43558220}}{{cite journal|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/oryx/article/conservation-assessment-of-aquilegia-paui-ranunculaceae-a-case-study-of-an-extremely-narrow-endemic/9E66060BEEABA24D662CDB23D2DEE239|title=Conservation assessment of Aquilegia paui (Ranunculaceae): a case study of an extremely narrow endemic|last1=Martinell|first1=M. Carmen|first2=Jordi|last2=López-Pujol|first3=Cèsar|last3=Blanché|first4=Julián|last4=Molero|first5=Llorenç|last5=Sàez|journal=Oryx|date=2011|volume=45|number=2|pages=187–190|doi=10.1017/S0030605310001754|via=Cambridge University Press|hdl=10261/50366|hdl-access=free}}