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string quintet

{{Short description|Musical composition for five string players}}

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| image1 = Ensemble layout - cello quintet.png

| caption1 = Cello quintet

| image2 = Ensemble layout - viola quintet.png

| caption2 = Viola quintet

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{{listen|type=music|filename=BOCCHERINI op27n°3 G303 Mvt2 (last) Minuetto - Jacques Lochet violin and synthesizer.ogg|title=String quintet op. 27 No. 3 G303 Mvt2 (last) Minuetto by Luigi Boccherini, arranged for violin and harmonium}}

A string quintet is a musical composition for five string players. As an extension to the string quartet (two violins, a viola, and a cello), a string quintet includes a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola (a so-called "viola quintet") or a second cello (a "cello quintet"), or occasionally a double bass.

Notable examples of classic "viola quintets", in four movement form include those of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Other examples were written by composers including Johannes Brahms and Felix Mendelssohn.

A famous "cello quintet" is Franz Schubert's Quintet in C major. Antonín Dvořák's Quintet Op. 77 uses a double bass, and Mozart's famous Eine kleine Nachtmusik may be performed with this instrumentation (the double bass being optional).

Alternative additions include clarinet or piano (see clarinet quintet, piano quintet); and other closely related chamber music genres include the string quartet (much more common), the string trio, and the string sextet. A more unusual form of string quintet is the violin quintet composed of 3 violins, a viola and a cello (thus a string quartet with an additional violin).

The term string quintet may refer to a group of five players that performs such works. The ensemble was standard in 17th century Italy and can be seen as early as 1607 in Claudio Monteverdi's opera, L'Orfeo.

List of viola quintets

  • Johann Georg Albrechtsberger – 19 String Quintets called "Sonatas" (1782–1803)
  • Franz Joseph Aumann – String Quintet "Divertimento" in C major (c.1760)
  • Arnold Bax – Quintet (1933){{cite web |last=Parlett|first=David |title=Catalog of music by Bax (1930-1939) |work=www.davpar.eu/bax |url=http://www.davpar.eu/bax/bax3039.html |access-date=2007-12-20}}
  • Frank Bridge – Quintet in E minor (H15, 1901)
  • Ludwig van Beethoven – Quintet, Op. 29, sometimes called the Storm Quintet; a Fugue in D major for viola quintet, Op. 137; an arrangement of his Octet for Viola Quintet, Op. 4 (the original Octet was later published as Op.103); an arrangement of his Piano Trio Op. 1 No. 3 for Viola Quintet, Op. 104
  • Luigi Boccherini – twelve original Quintets, arrangements of all twelve of his Piano Quintets (Op.56 and Op.57) for Viola Quintet.
  • Johannes Brahms – two Quintets, Op. 88 and Op. 111; the first edition of the Clarinet Quintet Op. 115 included an alternate part for viola substituting for the clarinet
  • Max Bruch – Quintet in A minor
  • Anton Bruckner – String Quintet in F major (1879); Intermezzo in D minor (substitute for the scherzo)
  • Carson Cooman – Quintet (Unquiet Parables, 2009), Op 856[https://carsoncooman.com/search/?titlesearch=quintet&submit=Search Search by title: quintet] carsoncooman.com, accessed 8 October 2020
  • Brett Dean – Epitaph for string quintet (2010)
  • Antonín Dvořák – two Quintets, No. 1 in A minor and String Quintet No. 3 (Dvořák)
  • Victor Ewald – a Quintet Op. 4 in A major[https://catalog.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=382819&DB=local Ewald?] at catalog.library.cornell.edu[https://www.editionsilvertrust.com/ewald-string-quintet.htm Ewald String Quintet in A Major, Op.4 For 2 Violins, 2 Violas & Cello] www.editionsilvertrust.com, accessed 7 October 2020
  • Eduard Franck – two Quintets, Op. 15 in E minor and Op. 51 in C Major
  • Florian Leopold Gassmann – Op. 2 six String Quintets H 501–506 (1772)
  • Friedrich Gernsheim – Quintet Op. 9 in D
  • Roy Harris – Quintet (1940)
  • Franz Joseph Haydn – Hob.II:2 Divertimento in G major (c.1754)
  • Heinrich von Herzogenberg – Quintet in C minor, Op.77 (1892)
  • Franz Anton Hoffmeister Op. 2 six Quintets (c.1782)
  • Klaus Huber – Ecce homines (1998)
  • Heinrich Kaminski – Quintet in F{{music|sharp}} minor (two versions, first 1916)[http://www.musikmph.de/musical_scores/prefaces/F-L/kaminski_quintett.html Heinrich Kaminski (geb. Tiengen, 4. Juli 1886 — gest. Ried bei Benediktbeuern, 21. Juni 1946) Streichquintett fis-moll (I. Fassung, 1916] www.musikmph.de {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060923092337/http://www.musikmph.de/musical_scores/prefaces/F-L/kaminski_quintett. |date=September 23, 2006}}
  • Franz Krommer – fifteen String Quintets
  • {{ill|Johann Michael Malzat|de}} six String Quintets in F,G,B,A,E♭,C major
  • Bohuslav Martinů – Quintet (1927)
  • Felix Mendelssohn – two Quintets: No. 1 in A major, Op. 18 (1826, revised 1832) and No. 2 in B-flat major, Op.87 (1845)
  • Ernst Mielck – Quintet in F major (1897)
  • Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 325 (1953–1954)
  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – six Quintets: K174, K406/516b, K515, K516, K593, K614
  • Carl Nielsen – Quintet in G major (1888)
  • George Onslow – five out of his thirty-four Quintets are with two violas; four are with double bass and the rest with two cellos (see below)[http://george.onslow.online.fr/accueilUK.html George ONSLOW "The French Beethoven"] george.onslow.online.fr, accessed 7 October 2020
  • Hubert Parry – Quintet in E flat (1909[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2006/Aug06/Ireland_Maggini_8557777.htm John IRELAND (1876–1962) String Quartets] sleeve notes Naxos/ www.musicweb-international.com, accessed 7 October 2020)
  • George Perle – Quintet (1958)
  • Josef Rheinberger – Quintet in A minor, Op. 82 (1874){{cite web |url=http://www.carus-verlag.com/index.php3?BLink%3DKKArtikel%26ArtNummer%3D5008200 |work=www.carus-verlag.com |title=Josef Gabriel Rheinberger: Streichquintett |access-date=2016-02-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226123350/http://www.carus-verlag.com/index.php3?BLink=KKArtikel&ArtNummer=5008200 |archive-date=2014-02-26 }} (Carus-Verlag)
  • Ferdinand Ries – Seven Quintets, Op. 37 in C, Op. 68 in D minor, Op. 167 in A minor, Op. 171 in G, Op. 183 in E-flat, and two published without opus in A major and F minor (published in a series "Samtliche Streichquintette" edited by Jürgen Schmidt between 2003-5 for Accolade Musikverlag.)
  • Franz Schubert – "Quintet-Overture" for Quintet, D 8
  • Roger Sessions – Quintet (1958)
  • Robert Simpson – Quintet (1987)
  • Louis Spohr – seven Quintets
  • Charles Villiers Stanford – Two Quintets, Op. 85 & Op.86 {{cite web |url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2002/Sept02/Stanford_ASV.htm |last=Howell|first=Christopher |work=www.musicweb-international.com |title=Review of ASV CDS DCA1056 & DCA925|publisher=Musicweb International |year=2002 |access-date=2020-03-05}}
  • Johan Svendsen – Quintet in C, Op. 5[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2003/Oct03/satzJohan_Severin%20_Svendsen.htm Johan Severin SVENDSEN (1840–1911)] sleeve note to works including String Quintet in C major, Op. 5 BIS/www.musicweb-international.com, accessed 7 October 2020 (1868)
  • Sergei Taneyev – Quintet in C, Op. 16
  • Johann Baptist Wanhal – Six String Quintets (1774)
  • Ralph Vaughan Williams – Quintet (the Phantasy Quintet – 1912) and Nocturne and Scherzo (1904–1906)
  • Felix Weingartner – Quintet, his Op. 40
  • Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari - Quintet in C, Op. 24 (1939)
  • John Woolrich – The Death of King Renaud (1991)
  • Alexander von Zemlinsky – Quintet (1894–1896): 2 movements are lost

List of cello quintets

File:Boccherini String Quintet in E.jpg (an example of a 'cello quintet') by Luigi Boccherini]]

String quintets for 3 violins, viola and cello

List of double bass quintets

String quintets for other combinations

File:De Zagerij Pro (vier cello's en een contrabas) in het Hof, Dordrecht, 2019.jpg, the Netherlands, 2019]]

  • Felix Draeseke – one Quintet in A for Two Violins, Viola, Violotta, and Cello (the Stelzner-Quintett; 1897); Draeseke also composed one Cello Quintet- in F, Op. 77 (1901)

Works making use of a string quintet

  • Nigel Keay – one Double Bass Quintet with Contralto, Tango Suite (2002)[https://archive.today/20110810045938/http://www.nigelkeay.com/tangosuite.html Nigel Keay - Tango Suite (2002)] www.nigelkeay.com, accessed 7 October 2020

See also

References

{{Reflist|refs=

Myers, Herbert W. (2000). "When Is a Violino Not a Viola da Braccio?" The Galpin Society Journal 53, 335–39.

{{cite web |title=Merton Catalog |work=www.classical.net |url=http://www.classical.net/music/links/commercial/publisher/merton/catalog.html |access-date=2007-10-23}}

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Category:Chamber music

Category:Types of musical groups