the Fleetwoods
{{Short description|American vocal group from Olympia, Washington}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Distinguish|Fleetwood Mac}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2012}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = The Fleetwoods
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| background = group_or_band
| alias =
| origin = Olympia, Washington, U.S.
| genre = {{hlist|Pop|doo-wop}}
| years_active = {{Start date|1958}}–1983
| label = {{hlist|Dolton|Liberty}}
| website =
| current_members =
| past_members = {{ubl|Gary Troxel|Gretchen Christopher|Barbara Ellis}}
}}
The Fleetwoods were an American vocal group from Olympia, Washington, whose members were Gary Troxel (born November 28, 1939), Gretchen Christopher (born February 29, 1940), and Barbara Ellis (born February 20, 1940).{{cite book|title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Fifties Music|editor=Colin Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|publisher=Virgin Books|date=2002|edition=Third|isbn=1-85227-937-0|page=143}}{{cite book|title=Top Pop Singles 1955-2002|page=250|author=Joel Whitburn|publisher=Record Research, Inc|location=Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin|year=2003|isbn=0-89820-155-1}}
Early history
The band members met as high school students in Olympia, Washington. Originally the band consisted of only Gretchen Christopher and Barbara Ellis, but Gary Troxel was asked to accompany them with jazz trumpet, later switching to vocals.{{Cite web|title=The Fleetwoods - Music Inductees|url=http://vocalgroup.org/inductees/the-fleetwoods/|access-date=2021-03-15|website=The Vocal Group Hall of Fame|language=en-US}} They then started performing in 1958 as "Two Girls and a Guy" but later changed the name to the Fleetwoods after the Fleetwood telephone exchange.{{Cite magazine|title=The Fleetwoods' Gretchen Christopher Reflects on Topping the Hot 100 60 Years Ago Today|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8506925/the-fleetwoods-gretchen-christopher-come-softly-to-me|access-date=2021-03-15|magazine=Billboard|language=en}}
In 1959, they were noticed by producer and Dolton Records founder Bob Reisdorff, and together they recorded their self-written first hit, "Come Softly to Me," which shot to #1 in Billboard and was also covered by others.{{cite web|url=https://www.thefleetwoods.us/biographies/the-fleetwoods-then-a-now.html|title=Teen Angst and Soft Rock 'n Roll|first=Howard A.|last=DeWitt|website=TheFleetwoods.us|access-date=December 13, 2020}}Gretchen Christopher, born 29 February 1940, remains the only person born on leap day to pen a number-one hit.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}} The UK's Frankie Vaughan and the Kaye Sisters had a top 10 chart hit in the United Kingdom with the song, though the Fleetwoods exceeded them, simultaneously charting in the UK's top 5.{{cite book|first=David|last=Roberts|year=2006|title=British Hit Singles & Albums|edition=19th|publisher=Guinness World Records Limited|location=London|isbn=1-904994-10-5|page=583}} Their second hit, "Graduation's Here," was co-written by Ellis and Christopher, with Troxel later adding a scat line in counterpoint. That one was followed by "Mr. Blue," which, like "Come Softly To Me", also topped the US pop chart.
The Fleetwoods continued recording into the 1960s. They hit the Top 10 again with a cover of Thomas Wayne's "Tragedy" in 1961. Though they went on to have a total of eleven hits on the Hot 100, the beginning of the end for the group came when Troxel had to fulfill his obligation to go onto active duty in the United States Navy, as he had joined the Naval Reserve in 1956. Additionally, the British Invasion of the mid 1960s changed the public's taste. The trio's hits ended in 1963 with Barbara Ellis singing lead on "Goodnight My Love". Vic Dana, who was to go on to a successful solo career, replaced Troxel in the group when he was in the service, solely for live performances.{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/the-fleetwoods|title=The Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions|publisher=Answers.com|access-date=2015-05-29}}
Later years
In the late 1970s, Troxel was working in a plywood plant in Washington, Ellis was managing a trailer park in California and Christopher was a housewife and modern jazz dance teacher in Washington at St. Martin's College and at Evergreen State College.{{Cite web|last=Tortorici|first=Frank|title=The Fleetwoods' Gretchen Christopher|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/621585/the-fleetwoods-gretchen-christopher/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630204007/http://www.mtv.com/news/621585/the-fleetwoods-gretchen-christopher/|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 30, 2022|access-date=2021-03-15|website=MTV News|language=en}} Ellis is now retired from performing. In 1983, Troxel gave his written resignation from The Fleetwoods, leaving Christopher as manager with the sole authority to contract for both the original and replacement Fleetwoods. Troxel formed a new Fleetwoods group in the 1980s. His group has been performing regularly since the mid 1980s doing several "oldies" concerts each year with two performances on the PBS Doo Wop, Pop and Soul Generations (My Music) series.{{cite web|url=http://www.thefleetwoods.us|title=The Fleetwoods - The Fleetwoods|publisher=Thefleetwoods.us|access-date=2015-05-29}}
While Christopher trained replacement Fleetwoods, she also resumed her solo music career, billing herself as "Gretchen Christopher of the Fleetwoods." Both Troxel and Christopher each continue to perform and occasionally release new recordings. A new Fleetwoods version of "Graduation's Here" appeared on Christopher's autobiographical solo album, Gretchen's Sweet Sixteen (Suite 16), which is one of the 2007 Billboard critics' picks for 10 Best Albums of the Year. It included both the hit arrangement of "Come Softly To Me" and an a cappella version, with Christopher singing all the parts.
Since their 1988 induction into the Northwest Area Music Association Hall of Fame and their 2005 induction into the Olympia High School Alumni Association Hall of Fame, The Fleetwoods have been inducted into both the Vocal Group Hall of Fame and the Doo-Wop Hall of Fame of America in 2006.{{Cite book|last=Foster|first=James|title=The Fabulous Fifties|date=February 11, 2015 |publisher=Page Publishing, Inc.|isbn=978-1634172073}}
The November 2007 release of Gretchen's Sweet Sixteen (Suite 16) was launched in Las Vegas with the second Annual Cool Bobby B Doo Wop Convention and Grand Finale Concert, headlined by 'The Fleetwoods starring Gretchen Christopher.'{{Cite web|date=August 23, 2019|first=Ron |last=Carson|title=An Iconic Musical Legend Checks In On The Sat AM Chat|url=https://wsbs.com/an-iconic-musical-legend-checks-in-on-the-sat-am-chat/|access-date=2021-03-15|website=WSBS|language=en}} A year later, though, all three originals were inducted and invited to the Vocal Group Hall of Fame. Christopher was the only original member of the Fleetwoods who accepted, attended and performed, dedicating songs to each of her absent partners. Troxel had every intention of attending but decided it was more important to be with his wife, because of her breast cancer treatment.
In 2000, Troxel and his wife Jenifer lost Troxel v. Granville, a landmark grandparents' rights case before the Supreme Court of the United States. The court held that under the United States Constitution, non-parents seeking custody or visitation rights of a child against the wishes of the child's parents must prove that the parents are not acting in the best interest of the child in refusing custody or visitation.{{cite web|url=http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/99-138.ZS.html|title=Troxel V. Granville|publisher=Supct.law.cornell.edu|access-date=2015-05-29}}{{Cite news|title=Challenging Legal Notion Of 'Family'|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/2000-01/09/040r-010900-idx.html|access-date=2021-03-15|newspaper=The Washington Post}}
In 2008 and 2009, Christopher testified before the Washington State Senate in support of the Truth in Music Advertising Bill, which, in 2009, passed both the Washington State House and Senate unanimously and was signed into law by Governor Chris Gregoire.{{Cite web|title=SB 6577|url=https://apps.leg.wa.gov/documents/billdocs/2007-08/Htm/Bill%20Reports/Senate/6577.SBR.htm|access-date=2021-03-15|website=apps.leg.wa.gov}} The law provides that a performing group shall not be advertised by the name of a recording group, unless the performing group includes from the hit-making recording group at least one original member who is authorized to use the name. The authorization resides solely with Christopher, according to the performance contract and resignation signed by Troxel.
To date, The Fleetwoods are the earliest vocal group to have a #1 single on the Billboard Hot 100 with all members still living.
Discography
=Albums=
==Original albums==
- Mr. Blue (1959)
- The Fleetwoods (1960)
- Softly (1961)
- Deep in a Dream (1961)
- The Best Goodies of the Oldies (1961)
- For Lovers by Night (1963)
- Goodnight My Love (1963)
- Before and After (1964)
- Folk Rock (1965)
==Compilations==
- The Fleetwoods' Greatest Hits (1962)
- In a Mellow Mood (1966)
- The Very Best of the Fleetwoods (1974)
- Buried Treasure (1983)
- Come Softly to Me: The Very Best of the Fleetwoods (1993)
=Singles=
| class="wikitable"
! style="width:220px;"rowspan="2"| A-Side ! style="width:220px;" rowspan="2"| B-Side ! style="width:35px;" rowspan="2"| Year ! style="width:100px;" rowspan="2"| Label + Cat. No. ! colspan="4"| Chart positions ! style="width:180px;" rowspan="2"| Album | |
| style="width:40px;"| US Hot 100 {{cite web|title=The Fleetwoods - Awards|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-fleetwoods-mn0000761706/awards|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=30 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518173456/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-fleetwoods-mn0000761706/awards|archive-date=18 May 2016}} ! style="width:40px;"| US R&B ! style="width:40px;"| CAN ! style="width:40px;"| UK | |
|---|---|
| "Come Softly to Me"
|"I Care So Much" |rowspan="4"|1959 |Dolphin 1 | style="text-align:center;"|1 | style="text-align:center;"|5 | style="text-align:center;"|1 | style="text-align:center;"|6 | Mr. Blue |
| "Graduation's Here"
|"Oh Lord Let It Be" (from Mr. Blue) |Dolton 3 | style="text-align:center;"|39 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|38 | style="text-align:center;"|— | The Fleetwoods Greatest Hits |
| "Mr. Blue"
| | rowspan="2" |Dolton 5 | style="text-align:center;"|1 | style="text-align:center;"|3 | style="text-align:center;"|1 | style="text-align:center;"|— |rowspan="2"|Mr. Blue | |
| |"You Mean Everything to Me"
| style="text-align:center;"|84 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "Outside My Window"
|"Magic Star" (from Goodnight My Love) |rowspan="4"|1960 |Dolton 15 | style="text-align:center;"|28 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— |rowspan="2"|The Fleetwoods: Gretchen, Gary and Barbara | |
| "Runaround"
|"Truly Do" |Dolton 22 | style="text-align:center;"|23 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|25 | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "The Last One to Know"
|"Dormilona" |Dolton 27 | style="text-align:center;"|96 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | Softly |
| "Confidential"
|"I Love You So" (from Softly) |Dolton 30 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | Mr. Blue |
| "Bazoom (I Need Your Lovin')"
|"Little White Cloud That Cried" (from Softly) |rowspan="3"|1961 |Dolton 37 (cancelled) | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | The Fleetwoods Sing The Best Goodies of The Oldies |
| "Tragedy"
|"Little Miss Sad One" |Dolton 40 | style="text-align:center;"|10 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|7 | style="text-align:center;"|— | Softly |
| "(He's) The Great Imposter"
|"Poor Little Girl" |Dolton 45 | style="text-align:center;"|30 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|7 | style="text-align:center;"|— | Deep In A Dream |
| "Billy Old Buddy"
|"Trouble" |rowspan="3"|1962 |Dolton 49 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | Non-LP tracks |
| "Jimmy Beware"
|"Bazoom (I Need Your Lovin')" (from The Fleetwoods Sing The Best Goodies of The Oldies) |Dolton 54 (cancelled) | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | Goodnight My Love |
| "Lovers by Night, Strangers by Day"
|"They Tell Me It's Summer" (Non-LP track) |Dolton 62 | style="text-align:center;"|36 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | The Fleetwoods Sing for Lovers By Night |
| "Sure Is Lonesome Downtown"
|"You Should Have Been There" (Non-LP track) |rowspan="3"|1963 |Dolton 74 | style="text-align:center;"|114 (B-side) | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— |rowspan="2"|Goodnight My Love | |
| "Goodnight My Love"
|"Jimmy Beware" |Dolton 75 | style="text-align:center;"|32 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "What'll I Do"
|"Baby Bye-O" |Dolton 86 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— |rowspan="3"|Non-LP tracks | |
| "Ruby Red Baby Blue"
|"Lonesome Town" |rowspan="4"|1964 |Dolton 93 | style="text-align:center;"|134 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "Ska Light, Ska Bright" (Jamaica Ska)
|"Ten Times Blue" |Dolton 97 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "Mr. Sandman"
|"This Is My Prayer (Non Ho l'Età Per Amarti)" |Dolton 98 | style="text-align:center;"|113 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— |rowspan="2"|Before and After | |
| "Before and After (Losing You)"
|"Lonely Is as Lonely Does" |Dolton 302 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "Come Softly to Me" (1965 Version)
|"I'm Not Jimmy" |rowspan="2"|1965 |Dolton 307 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— |rowspan="2"|Non-LP tracks | |
| "Rainbow"
|"Just as I Need You" |Dolton 310 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | |
| "For Lovin' Me"
|"This Is Where I See Her" |1966 |Dolton 315 | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | style="text-align:center;"|— | Folk Rock |
| colspan="9" style="text-align:center; font-size:9pt;"| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. |
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.thefleetwoods.com/ Gretchen Christopher's Fleetwoods home page]
- [http://pnwbands.com/fleetwoods.html Pacific Northwest Bands]
- [http://www.colorradio.com/fleetwoods.htm Colorradio page on the Fleetwoods]
- [http://www.history-of-rock.com/fleetwoods.htm History of Rock page]
- [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p4274/biography|pure_url=yes}} Biography] at AllMusic
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fleetwoods, The}}
Category:American vocal groups
Category:Musical groups from Olympia, Washington
Category:Dolton Records artists
Category:Liberty Records artists
Category:Musical groups from Washington (state)
Category:Musical groups established in 1958
Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1983
Category:1958 establishments in Washington (state)
Category:1983 disestablishments in Washington (state)
Category:Mixed-gender musical trios