trylinka

File:Trylinka design.jpg

Władysław Tryliński filed a patent application for "driveways and sidewalks made of hexagonal concrete slabs ({{langx|pl|jezdnię drogową i chodniki z płyt betonowych sześciokątnych|link=no}})" in 1932 and obtained the patent from the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland in 1933.{{cite web |url=http://rntbcat.org.by/belnames/F_HTM/Trilinskij.HTML |title=Белорусские имена в мировой науке и технике: Трилинский Владислав |trans-title=Belarusian Names in World Science and Technology: Trilinski Vladislav |language=be |access-date=2023-05-21 |publisher={{ill|Republican Scientific and Technical Library|ru|Республиканская научно-техническая библиотека}} (RSTL) |archive-date=2020-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628201557/http://rntbcat.org.by/belnames/F_HTM/Trilinskij.HTML |url-status=live }} Trylinka was designed to be {{convert|15|to|20|cm|0}} thick{{Cite book |chapter-url=http://www.vb.by/sarychev/content/10/main.php |first=Vasily |last=Sarychev |title=В поисках утрачаннико вреияние |trans-title=In Search of Lost Time |chapter=ПЛИТКА-ТРИЛИНКА |trans-chapter=Tile Trylinka |year=2006 |publisher=Брестская типография |access-date=2023-06-07 |archive-date=2010-12-04 |editor=Vecherniy Brest Editorial Board |isbn=985-6814-04-9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204003153/http://vb.by/sarychev/content/10/main.php |url-status=dead |language=ru }} and each of the hexagon's six sides {{convert|20|cm|0}} long. Sometimes reinforced with iron wire, a trylinka typically weighs {{convert|35|to|37|kg}}.{{Cite journal|url=http://www.rynekkamienia.pl/Archiwum_pdf/NK_49_Trylinka.pdf |title=Trylinka: Zabytek techniki drogowej |trans-title=Trylinka: A monument of road technology |first=Jacek |last=Rajchel |author-link=Jacek Rajchel |language=pl |issn=1899-3419 |access-date=2023-05-21 |archive-date=2012-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209113730/http://www.rynekkamienia.pl/Archiwum_pdf/NK_49_Trylinka.pdf |volume=49 |issue=6 |year=2010 |journal=Nowy Kamieniarz [New Stonemason] |via=RynekKamienia.pl |url-status=live }} The six sides of each hexagonal blocks were to be coated with resin and the blocks were laid tightly together on a sand-and-gravel bed in the hexagonal tiling—the gaps between the blocks being filled with asphalt.{{cite web |title=Trylinkę zawdzięczamy inż. Władysławowi Trylińskiemu |trans-title=Trylinka is due to Eng. Władyslaw Tryliński |url=https://www.archiwum.gddkia.gov.pl/pl/a/41564/Trylinke-zawdzieczamy-inz-Wladyslawowi-Trylinskiemu |language=pl |access-date=2023-09-19 |date=2021-06-21 |publisher=General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways |archive-date=19 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919160012/https://www.archiwum.gddkia.gov.pl/pl/a/41564/Trylinke-zawdzieczamy-inz-Wladyslawowi-Trylinskiemu |url-status=live }}

Tryliński's patent described a manufacturing process combining concrete mortar with stone fragments to form the paving blocks. He favoured the hexagonal shape over tetragonal designs, noting that the former eliminated the long straight joints between blocks that typically constituted the roadway's weakest points.

File:Mikołów Szczucin 141852445 HDR.jpg, Poland]]

Trylinka was extensively used in the construction of roads in interwar Poland during the 1930s, due to its low cost, durability, and ease of manufacturing—as a variety of stones could be used depending on their local availability, its production was inexpensive and relatively simple. Unskilled labourers could be hired for the process because the manufacture and laying of the blocks did not require complicated tools or heavy equipments. So long as the work was organised properly, it was possible to pave {{convert|1|km}} of road in six days. Another advantage was that trylinki pavements could be built without taking the road out of service; the pavement was laid on one side of the road, leaving the other open for traffic. Between 1933 and 1938, approximately 10 million pieces of trylinka were produced, and an estimated {{convert|1|e6sqm|e6sqft}} of surface area was covered with them.

In Volhynia, black basalt fragments from Janowa Dolina (present-day Bazaltove, Ukraine) and {{ill|Berestovets|uk|Берестовець (Рівненський район)|wikidata|Q4084784}} were used. In Pinsk, a city in present-day Belarus, trylinka covered the central town square in 1938.{{cite web |title=ЭТО СТОИТ УВИДЕТЬ |trans-title=It's worth seeing |url=http://pinsk.gov.by/content/dostoprimechatelnosti-pinska/IT_S_WORTH_SEEING.php |publisher={{ill|Pinsk City Executive Committee|be-tarask|Пінскі гарвыканкам}} |access-date=2023-09-19 |language=be |archive-date=25 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025073529/http://pinsk.gov.by/content/dostoprimechatelnosti-pinska/IT_S_WORTH_SEEING.php |url-status=live }} Janowa Dolina's black basalt was used to make trylinka in the city. In Kraków, the second-largest city in Poland, purple porphyry from Krzeszowice, a town in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, was used to produce trylinka; the pavement of the {{ill|Nowy Kleparz|pl|Nowy Kleparz}} market square at the exit of {{ill|Długa Street|pl|Ulica Długa w Krakowie}} is one of the extant examples.

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Category:Pavements

Category:Polish inventions

Category:Products introduced in the 1930s