unibrow

The word monobrow first appeared in print in 1968,{{cite web|title = mono-brow, n.|url = https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/246082|website = www.oed.com|access-date = 2020-08-14}} and the adjectival form monobrowed followed in 1973, in Martin Amis' novel The Rachel Papers.{{cite web|title = mono-browed, adj.|url = https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/252417|website = www.oed.com|access-date = 2020-08-14}} The first known use of the word unibrow was in 1981.{{Cite news|last=Chisholm|first=Elise T.|date=24 Nov 1981|title=How Brooke Shields is raising eyebrows again|page=9|work=Evening Sun|location=Baltimore, MD|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/372988650/?terms=unibrow&match=1|access-date=12 Mar 2021}}

File:Sharipov.jpg Cosmonaut Salizhan Sharipov]]

Some nations prize the unibrow. It is a sign of beauty among Baluchi Omanis, whose women sometimes draw a black line joining the brows as a part of their routine makeup to fake a unibrow. A study found the prevalence of synophrys to be at 11.87% in the Omani population.{{cite journal | pmc=5596643 | date=2017 | last1=Kumar | first1=P. | title=Synophrys: Epidemiological Study | journal=International Journal of Trichology | volume=9 | issue=3 | pages=105–107 | doi=10.4103/ijt.ijt_14_17 | doi-access=free | pmid=28932060 }} In Tajikistan, where the unibrow is similarly viewed as attractive, some women dry and extract an herb known locally as usma and daub it onto their brows to mimic one.{{cite news|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/tajikistan/101126/unibrow-central-asia-fashion|title=Where the unibrow reigns|last=Elder|first=Miriam|date=November 27, 2010|newspaper=Global Post|access-date=November 13, 2011}} Urban women may do the same with a kohl liner or a kajal pen.{{Cite news |last=Mannaerts |first=Pascal |date=28 February 2022 |title=Life on the "Roof of the World" |work=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20160930-an-ancient-route-through-the-clouds-}}

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The unibrow has largely been seen as undesirable in the Americas and Europe, with the hairs often plucked, shaved, or waxed away.{{Cite news|url=http://www.konbini.com/us/lifestyle/positive-effects-of-embracing-unibrow/|title=People Are Embracing The Unibrow – Here's Why It's A Good Thing|last=Adame|first=Amanda|date=2017-05-25|work=Konbini United States|access-date=2018-08-27|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103144455/http://www.konbini.com/us/lifestyle/positive-effects-of-embracing-unibrow/|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/shortcuts/2017/may/03/why-its-finally-cool-to-have-a-monobrow|title=Why it's finally cool to have a monobrow|last=Usborne|first=Simon|date=2017-05-03|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-08-27}}

Exceptions include the artist Frida Kahlo, famous for her unibrow, which she often depicted in self-portraits,{{Cite web|url=http://shamelessmag.com/blog/entry/an-open-letter-to-the-ago-about-frida-kahlos-unib|title=An Open Letter to the AGO About Frida Kahlo's Unibrow – Shameless Magazine|website=shamelessmag.com}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.net-a-porter.com/porter/article-633ccbb7977517f1/lifestyle/culture|title=Why Frida Kahlo's unibrow is important|website=NET-A-PORTER}} and the Greek-Cypriot model Sophia Hadjipanteli.{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/beauty/102805785/meet-the-model-owning-her-unibrow|title=Meet the model 'owning' her unibrow|website=Stuff|date=4 April 2018}}

The unibrow is also the trademark of the NBA player Anthony Davis,{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/anthony-davis-trademarks-unibrow-2012-6?r=US&IR=T|title=Anthony Davis Trademarked His Unibrow|website=Business Insider Australia|date=26 June 2012}} the football player Marouane Fellaini, and the YouTuber ElectroBOOM. The boxer Roberto Elizondo famously sported a unibrow during his professional career.{{Cite web|url=https://234fight.com/boxers-from-the-past/roberto-elizondo-boxer-wiki-profile/|title=Roberto Elizondo Boxer – Wiki, Profile, Boxrec|date=7 December 2017}}

The unibrow is a genetic trait.{{cite web|title = Human Traits|url = http://faculty.southwest.tn.edu/jiwilliams/Human_Traits.htm|website = faculty.southwest.tn.edu|access-date = 2016-02-02|archive-date = 2016-01-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160123190918/http://faculty.southwest.tn.edu/jiwilliams/Human_Traits.htm|url-status = dead}} It is associated with the PAX3 gene.{{Cite news|url=http://theconversation.com/how-we-discovered-the-genetic-origin-of-the-monobrow-and-other-hair-traits-55548|title=How we discovered the genetic origin of the 'monobrow' and other hair traits|last=Adhikari|first=Kaustubh|work=The Conversation|access-date=2018-08-27|language=en}}

A unibrow is part of normal human variation, but can also stem from developmental disorders. A unibrow is a recognized feature of Cornelia De Lange syndrome, a genetic disorder whose main features include moderate to severe learning difficulties, limb abnormalities such as oligodactyly (fewer than normal fingers or toes), and phocomelia (malformed limbs), and facial abnormalities including a long philtrum (the slight depression/line between the nose and mouth).

Other medical conditions associated with a unibrow include:{{Cite web |title=Synophrys (Concept Id: C0431447) |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=unibrow |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}

• 3MC syndrome 1
• Acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome
• Acromesomelic dysplasia 4
• Amaurosis-hypertrichosis syndrome
• Arrhinia with choanal atresia and microphthalmia syndrome
• Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 17
• Blepharophimosis-impaired intellectual development syndrome
• Blepharophimosis-ptosis-esotropia-syndactyly-short stature syndrome
• Brachycephaly, trichomegaly, and developmental delay
• Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome
• Coffin-Siris syndrome 12
• Cognitive impairment – coarse facies – heart defects – obesity – pulmonary involvement – short stature – skeletal dysplasia syndrome
• Congenital muscular hypertrophy-cerebral syndrome

File:De Lange Syndrome 3.jpg

• Cornelia de Lange syndrome 1–5
• Corpus callosum agenesis-abnormal genitalia syndrome
• Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 11
• Deafness, cataract, impaired intellectual development, and polyneuropathy
• Deficiency of transaldolase
• DeSanto-Shinawi syndrome due to WAC point mutation
• Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 23, 66, 83, 84, 85 (with or without midline brain defects), 100, and 105 (with hypopituitarism)
• Developmental delay with variable intellectual disability and dysmorphic facies
• Developmental delay, impaired speech, and behavioral abnormalities
• Diamond-Blackfan anemia 21
• Early-onset progressive diffuse brain atrophy-microcephaly-muscle weakness-optic atrophy syndrome
• Epilepsy, X-linked 2, with or without impaired intellectual development and dysmorphic features
• Epilepsy-telangiectasia syndrome
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and neurodevelopmental syndrome
• Fontaine progeroid syndrome
• Goldberg-Shprintzen megacolon syndrome
• Growth delay due to insulin-like growth factor I resistance
• Hajdu-Cheney syndrome
• Hennekam lymphangiectasia-lymphedema syndrome 3
• Holoprosencephaly 5, 7, and 11

File:Amentia Plate XX (2).jpg man with a unibrow]]

• Hypotonia, ataxia, and delayed development syndrome
• Intellectual developmental disorder 61
• Intellectual developmental disorder with or without peripheral neuropathy
• Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 64 and 65
• Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 68
• Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, with pigmentary mosaicism and coarse facies
• Intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 29, 30, 34, 43, 48, and 52
• Intellectual disability, autosomal recessive 5, 13, 16, 45, 46, and 61
• Intellectual disability, X-linked 21, 73, 97, and 106
• Intellectual disability, X-linked, syndromic 33
• Intellectual disability-brachydactyly-Pierre Robin syndrome
• Intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome due to SETD5 haploinsufficiency
• Joubert syndrome 35
• KBG syndrome
• Kleefstra syndrome 1
• Lissencephaly 6 with microcephaly
• Macrothrombocytopenia-lymphedema-developmental delay-facial dysmorphism-camptodactyly syndrome
• Mandibulofacial dysostosis-macroblepharon-macrostomia syndrome
• Marshall-Smith syndrome
• Microcephaly 4, primary, autosomal recessive
• Midface hypoplasia, hearing impairment, elliptocytosis, and nephrocalcinosis
• Mitochondrial complex 4 deficiency, nuclear type 20
• Mitochondrial complex III deficiency nuclear type 7

File:Mucopolysaccharidosis (Sanfilippo Syndrome) 1.jpg

• Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-III-A to -D
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and variable seizures
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with facial dysmorphism, absent language, and pseudo-pelger-huet anomaly
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with growth retardation, dysmorphic facies, and corpus callosum abnormalities
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, short stature, and speech delay
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with severe motor impairment and absent language
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with spasticity and poor growth
• Neurodevelopmental disorder with spasticity, cataracts, and cerebellar hypoplasia
• Periventricular nodular heterotopia 9
• Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7, 8, and 10
• Primrose syndrome
• Severe feeding difficulties-failure to thrive-microcephaly due to ASXL3 deficiency syndrome
• Sialuria
• Skin creases, congenital symmetric circumferential, 2
• Smith-Magenis syndrome
• Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Genevieve type
• Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, sensorineural hearing loss, impaired intellectual development, and leber congenital amaurosis
• Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Chudley-Schwartz type
• Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Nascimento type
• Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Siderius type
• Syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Snyder type
• Trigonocephaly 1
• Uruguay Faciocardiomusculoskeletal syndrome
• Waardenburg syndrome types 1, 2A, and 3
• Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome
• Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 1, 2, and 3

• Glabella

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Category:Eyebrow