voiced bilabial affricate
{{Short description|Consonantal sound}}
{{infobox IPA
| ipa symbol = bβ
}}
The voiced bilabial affricate ({{IPA|[b͡β]}} in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop {{IPA|[b]}} and released as a voiced bilabial fricative {{IPA|[β]}}. It has not been reported to occur phonemically in any language.
Features
Features of the voiced bilabial affricate:
{{affricate}}
{{bilabial}}
{{voiced}}
{{oral}}
{{central articulation}}
{{pulmonic}}
Occurrence
| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2| Language !! Word !! IPA !! Meaning !! Notes | |||||
| colspan=2| Banjun{{Cite web|url=https://phoible.org/inventories/view/1384|title = Phoible 2.0 -}}
|colspan=3| {{example needed|date=December 2020}} | | |||||
| colspan="2" |Dhao
| colspan="3" |{{example needed|date=December 2020}} | | |||||
| rowspan=3|English | Broad Cockney{{sfnp|Wells|1982|pp=322-323}} | rowspan=3 | rub | rowspan=2 | {{IPA|[ˈɹ̠ɐˑb͡β]}} | rowspan=3 | 'rub' | Sporadic allophone of {{IPA|/b/}}.{{sfnp|Wells|1982|p=323}} See English phonology |
| Received Pronunciation{{sfnp|Cruttenden|2014|p=172}} | Rare allophone of {{IPA|/b/}}.{{sfnp|Cruttenden|2014|p=172}} See English phonology | ||||
| Scouse{{sfnp|Wells|1982|p=372}} | {{IPA|[ˈɹ̠ʊˑb͡β]}} | Possible syllable-initial and word-final allophone of {{IPA|/b/}}.{{sfnp|Wells|1982|p=372}} See English phonology | |||
| colspan="2" | Shipibo{{sfnp|Valenzuela|Márquez Pinedo|Maddieson|2001|p=}} | boko | {{IPA|[ˈb͡βo̽ko̽]}} | 'small intestine' | Possible realization of {{IPA|/β/}}. See Shipibo phonology.{{sfnp|Valenzuela|Márquez Pinedo|Maddieson|2001|p=}} | |
| colspan=2|Ngiti{{sfnp|Kutsch Lojenga|1992|p=31}} | {{lang|niy|abvɔ|italic=yes}} | {{IPA|[āb͡βɔ̄]}} | 'thorny vine' | Rarely [bβ] more commonly [{{IPA link|b̪v}}]{{sfnp|Kutsch Lojenga|1992|p=45}} |
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
{{refbegin}}
- {{citation
|last=Cruttenden
|first=Alan
|year=2014
|title=Gimson's Pronunciation of English
|publisher=Routledge
|edition=8th
|isbn=9781444183092
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M2nMAgAAQBAJ
}}
- {{citation
|last1=Valenzuela
|first1=Pilar M.
|last2=Márquez Pinedo
|first2=Luis
|last3=Maddieson
|first3=Ian
|year=2001
|title=Shipibo
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|volume=31
|issue=2
|pages=281–285
|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40852342
|doi=10.1017/S0025100301002109
|doi-access=free
}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Wells
|first=John C.
|author-link=John C. Wells
|year=1982
|title=Accents of English 2: The British Isles
|place=Cambridge
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=0-521-24224-X
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a3-ElL71fikC
}}
{{refend}}