voiceless glottal affricate
{{Short description|Consonantal sound}}
{{infobox IPA
|above=Voiceless glottal affricate
|ipa symbol=ʔh
|ipa number=113 146
|x-sampa=?_h
|decimal1=660|decimal2=104}}
The voiceless glottal affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represent this sound are {{angbr IPA|ʔ͡h}} and {{angbr IPA|ʔ͜h}}, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is ?_h. The tie bar may be omitted, yielding {{angbr IPA|ʔh}} in the IPA and ?h in X-SAMPA.
Features
Features of the voiceless glottal affricate:
{{affricate}}
{{glottal}}
{{voiceless}}
{{oral}}
{{central articulation}}
{{pulmonic}}
Occurrence
| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2| Language ! Word ! IPA ! Meaning ! Notes | |
| Chinese
| Yuxi dialect{{sfnp|Yang|1969|pp=393–394}}{{sfnp|Colarusso|2012|p=2}} | {{lang|cmn-Hani|可}} | {{IPA|[ʔ͡ho˥˧]}} | 'can, may' | Corresponds to {{IPA|/kʰ/}} in Standard Chinese.{{sfnp|Colarusso|2012|p=2}}{{sfnp|Yang|1969|p=394}} | |
| English
| Received Pronunciation{{sfnp|Collins|Mees|2003|p=148}} | hat | {{IPA|[ʔ͡haʔt]}} | 'hat' | Possible allophone of {{IPA|/h/}}, especially in stressed syllables.{{sfnp|Collins|Mees|2003|p=148}} See English phonology | |
| colspan=2 |Tinputz | {{example needed|date=November 2023}}
| | |
| colspan=2 |Tzeltal | {{example needed|date=November 2023}}
| | | Allophone of /ʔ/Kaufman, Terrence. 1971. Tzeltal Phonology and Morphology. Berkeley / Los Angeles: University of California Press. |
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
{{refbegin}}
- {{citation
|last=Colarusso
|first=John
|author-link = John Colarusso
|year=2012
|title=The Typology of the Gutturals
|url=http://www.johncolarusso.net/pdf/Back-final.pdf
}}
- {{citation
|last1=Collins
|first1=Beverley
|last2=Mees
|first2=Inger M.
|year=2003
|orig-year=First published 1981
|title=The Phonetics of English and Dutch
|edition=5th
|place=Leiden
|publisher=Brill Publishers
|isbn=9004103406
}}
- {{citation
|last=Yang
|first=Shifeng
|year=1969
|title=A Report of Investigating Dialects in Yunnan Province [雲南方言調查報告]
}}
{{refend}}
{{IPA navigation}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Voiceless Glottal Affricate}}