xanthidae
{{Short description|Family of crabs}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Xantho poressa 2009 G2.jpg
| image_caption = Xantho poressa
| taxon = Xanthidae
| authority = Macleay, 1838 {{ITIS |id=98748 |taxon=Xanthidae}}
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
| subdivision =
{{Linked taxon list
| Actaeinae | Alcock, 1898
| Banareiinae | Števčić, 2005
| Chlorodiellinae | Ng & Holthuis, 2007
| Cymoinae | Alcock, 1898
| Etisinae | Ortmann, 1893
| Euxanthinae | Alcock, 1898
| Glyptoxanthinae | Mendoza & Guinot, 2011
| Kraussiinae | Ng, 1993
| Liomerinae | T. Sakai, 1976
| Polydectinae | Dana, 1851
| Xanthinae | MacLeay, 1838
| Zosiminae | Alcock, 1898
}}}}
Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known.{{cite web |url=http://www.wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/crustacea/crab/xanthidae/xanthidae.htm |publisher=Wild Singapore |title=Xanthid crabs: Family Xanthidae |access-date=January 11, 2010 |year=2008 |author=Ria Tan}}{{Better source needed|date=October 2023}} The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.{{Better source needed|date=October 2023}}
Classification
Many species formerly included in the family Xanthidae have since been moved to new families. Despite this, Xanthidae is still the largest crab family in terms of species richness, contanining the following subfamilies and genera:{{cite journal |journal = Raffles Bulletin of Zoology |year=2009 |volume = Suppl. 21 |pages=1–109 |title = A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans |author1=Sammy De Grave |author2=N. Dean Pentcheff |author3=Shane T. Ahyong |url=http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s21/s21rbz1-109.pdf |format=PDF|display-authors=etal}}
{{div col|colwidth=21em}}
- Actaeinae {{small|Alcock, 1898}}
- Actaea {{small|De Haan, 1833}}
- Actaeodes {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Actaeops † {{small|Portell & Collins, 2004}}
- Allactaea {{small|Williams, 1974}}
- Eoxanthops † {{small|Beschin, Busulini, Tessier & Zorzin, 2016}}
- Epiactaea {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Epiactaeodes {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Forestiana {{small|Guinot & Low, 2010}}
- Gaillardiellus {{small|Guinot, 1976}}
- Heteractaea {{small|Lockington, 1877}}
- Lambropsis † {{small|Lőrenthey, 1907}}
- Lobiactaea {{small|T. Sakai, 1983}}
- Meractaea {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Novactaea {{small|Guinot, 1976}}
- Odhnea {{small|Ng & Low, 2010}}
- Paractaea {{small|Guinot, 1969}}
- Paractaeopsis {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Phlyctenodes † {{small|A. Milne-Edwards, 1862}}
- Platyactaea {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Pseudoliomera {{small|Odhner, 1925}}
- Pseudophlyctenodes † {{small|Busulini, Tessier & Beschin, 2006}}
- Rata {{small|Davie, 1993}}
- Serenius {{small|Guinot, 1976}}
- Banareiinae {{small|Števčić, 2005}}
- Banareia {{small|A. Milne-Edwards, 1869}}
- Calvactaea {{small|Ward, 1933}}
- Pseudactaea {{small|Guinot, 1971}}
- Trichia {{small|Rathbun, 1897}}
- Chlorodiellinae {{small|Ng & Holthuis, 2007}}
- Chlorodiella {{small|Rathbun, 1897}}
- Cyclodius {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Liocarpilodes {{small|Klunzinger, 1913}}
- Luniella {{small|Lasley, Klaus & Ng, 2015}}
- Pilodius {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Ratha {{small|Lasley, Lai & Thoma, 2013}}
- Soliella {{small|Lasley, Klaus & Ng, 2015}}
- Sulcodius {{small|P. F. Clark & Ng, 1999}}
- Tweedieia {{small|Ward, 1935}}
- Vellodius {{small|Ng & Yang, 1998}}
- Cymoinae {{small|Alcock, 1898}}
- Cymo {{small|De Haan, 1833}}
- Etisinae {{small|Ortmann, 1893}}
- Etisus {{small|H. Milne-Edwards, 1834}}
- Paraetisus {{small|Ward, 1933}}
- Euxanthinae {{small|Alcock, 1898}}
- Alainodaeus {{small|Davie, 1993}}
- Batodaeus {{small|Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 2004}}
- Carpoporus {{small|Stimpson, 1871}}
- Cranaothus {{small|Ng, 1993}}
- Crosnierius {{small|Serène & Vadon, 1981}}
- Danielea {{small|Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003}}
- Edwardsium {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Epistocavea {{small|Davie, 1993}}
- Euxanthus {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Gothus {{small|Yuan, Jiang, and Sha, 2024}}{{efn|Provisionally placed in Euxanthinae, although its phylogenetic position is unstable.}}
- Guinotellus {{small|Serène, 1971}}
- Hepatoporus {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Hypocolpus {{small|Rathbun, 1897}}
- Jacforus {{small|Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003}}
- Ladomedaeus {{small|Števčić, 2005}}
- Lipaesthesius {{small|Rathbun, 1898}}
- Lipkemedaeus {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Medaeops {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Medaeus {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Miersiella {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Monodaeus {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Olenothus {{small|Ng, 2002}}
- Palatigum {{small|Davie, 1997}}
- Paramedaeus {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Paraxanthodes {{small|Guinot, 1968}}
- Pilomedaeus {{small|Takeda & Komatsu, 2011}}
- Pleurocolpus {{small|Crosnier, 1995}}
- Psaumis {{small|Kossmann, 1877}}
- Rizalthus {{small|Mendoza & Ng, 2008}}
- Takedax {{small|Mendoza & Ng, 2012}}
- Visayax {{small|Mendoza & Ng, 2008}}
- Glyptoxanthinae {{small|Mendoza & Guinot, 2011}} {{cite journal |author1=Jose Christopher E. Mendoza |author2=Danièle Guinot |name-list-style=amp |year=2011 |title=Revision of the genus Glyptoxanthus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, and establishment of Glyptoxanthinae nov. subfam. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3015 |pages=29–51 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/z03015p051f.pdf |format=PDF excerpt}}
- Glyptoxanthus {{small|A. Milne-Edwards, 1879}}
- Kraussiinae {{small|Ng, 1993}}
- Garthasia {{small|Ng, 1993}}
- Kraussia {{small|Dana, 1852}}
- Palapedia {{small|Ng, 1993}}
- Liomerinae {{small|T. Sakai, 1976}}
- Actiomera {{small|Ng, Guinot & Davie, 2008}}
- Bruciana {{small|Serène, 1977}}
- Liomera {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Lipkemera {{small|Davie, 2010}}
- Neoliomera {{small|Odhner, 1925}}
- Neomeria † {{small|C.-H. Hu & Tao, 1996}}
- Paraliomera {{small|Rathbun, 1930}}
- Polydectinae {{small|Dana, 1851}}
- Lybia {{small|H. Milne-Edwards, 1834}}
- Polydectus {{small|H. Milne-Edwards, 1837}}
- Tunebia {{small|Mendoza & Ng, 2011}}
- Xanthinae {{small|MacLeay, 1838}}
- Aldrovandiopanope {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Aristotelopanope {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Bottoxanthodes {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Camilohelleria {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Cataleptodius {{small|Guinot, 1968}}
- Coralliope {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Cycloxanthops {{small|Rathbun, 1897}}
- Demania {{small|Laurie, 1906}}
- Epixanthops {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Eurycassiope {{small|Mendoza, 2023}}
- Euryxanthops {{small|Garth & Kim, 1983}}
- Gaudichaudia {{small|Rathbun, 1930}}
- Guitonia {{small|Garth & Iliffe, 1992}}
- Juxtaxanthias {{small|Ward, 1942}}
- Lachnopodus {{small|Stimpson, 1858}}
- Leptodius {{small|A. Milne-Edwards, 1863}}
- Liagore {{small|De Haan, 1833}}
- Lioxanthodes {{small|Calman, 1909}}
- Macromedaeus {{small|Ward, 1942}}
- Marratha {{small|Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003}}
- Megametope {{small|Filhol, 1886}}
- Megamia † {{small|Karasawa, 1993}}
- Metaxanthops {{small|Serène, 1984}}
- Metopoxantho † {{small|De Man, 1904}}
- Neolioxantho {{small|Garth & Kim, 1983}}
- Neoxanthias {{small|Ward, 1932}}
- Neoxanthops {{small|Guinot, 1968}}
- Orphnoxanthus {{small|Alcock, 1896}}
- Ovatis {{small|Ng & H.-I. Chen, 2004}}
- Palaeoxanthops † {{small|Karasawa, 1993}}
- Paraxanthias {{small|Odhner, 1925}}
- Paraxanthus {{small|Lucas, 1844}}
- Pestoxanthodes {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Pseudomedaeus {{small|Guinot, 1968}}
- Wardoxanthops {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Williamstimpsonia {{small|Števčić, 2011}}
- Xanthias {{small|Rathbun, 1897}}
- Xantho {{small|Leach, 1814}}
- Xanthodius {{small|Stimpson, 1859}}
- Zosiminae {{small|Alcock, 1898}}
- Atergatis {{small|De Haan, 1833}}
- Atergatopsis {{small|A. Milne-Edwards, 1862}}
- Lophozozymus {{small|A. Milne-Edwards, 1863}}
- Paratergatis {{small|T. Sakai, 1965}}
- Platypodia {{small|Bell, 1835}}
- Platypodiella {{small|Guinot, 1967}}
- Pulcratis {{small|Ng & Huang, 1977}}
- Zosimus {{small|Leach, 1818}}
- Zozymodes {{small|Heller, 1861}}
- Incertae sedis
- Haydnella † {{small|Müller, 1984}}
- Nogarolia † {{small|Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 1994}}
- Sculptoplax † {{small|Müller & Collins, 1991}}
{{div col end}}
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{Reflist|32em}}
External links
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- {{Wikispecies-inline}}
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Category:Taxa named by William Sharp Macleay
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