yellow-legged tinamou
{{short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{speciesbox
| image = Crypturellus noctivagus.JPG
| image_caption = Crypturellus n. noctivagus
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Crypturellus
| species = noctivagus
| authority = (Wied, 1820)Brands, S. (2008)
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision = C. n. noctivagus
(Wied-Neuwied, 1820)
C. n. zabele (Spix, 1825)
| range_map = Crypturellus noctivagus map.svg
}}
The yellow-legged tinamou (Crypturellus noctivagus) is a species of tinamou found in wooded and shrubby habitats in tropical and subtropical eastern Brazil.Clements, J (2007) This superficially quail-like bird has a grey-brown plumage and two easily separated subspecies. It has declined due to human activities, and is therefore listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN.
Subspecies and range
This species has two subspecies:
- C. n. noctivagus, the nominate race, occurs in southeastern Brazil: Minas Gerais (Doce River area), southern Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul.
- C. n. zabele occurs in northeastern Brazil: Northern Minas Gerais and Bahia to Paraíba and Piauí.Observadores de Aves de Pernambuco, 2005
Description
File:Crypturellus noctivagus zabele 1.jpg
The yellow-legged tinamou is approximately {{convert|28|to(-)|31|cm|in|abbr=on|1}} in length. Its upperparts are grey, its lower back and wings are barred black, its neck and upper breast are greyish, its lower breast is rufous and its belly is whitish. It has a blackish cap and a buffy supercilium. The supercilium is broadest and most prominent in the race zabele, which also is paler overall, has a whiter (less rufescent) throat and brighter yellow legs than the nominate race.Mata, Erize & Rumboll, 2006
Behavior
Like other tinamous, the yellow-legged tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
Habitat
Its preferred habitat is humid forest, but the subspecies zabele also occurs in drier wooded habitats, such as savanna-woodland and Caatinga.Sick, H. (1993) It can be found at elevation of {{convert|700|m|ft|abbr=on}} or less.
Conservation
The yellow-legged tinamou suffers from widespread and continuing habitat destruction and hunting pressure. Overall, although its numbers are decreasing they are not critical and therefore listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN. It has an occurrence range of {{convert|1470000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.BirdLife International (2008) There are no recent records from parts of its range, and it appears to have been extirpated from Rio de Janeiro.Gagliardi, R. (2010)
Footnotes
{{Reflist}}
References
- {{cite web| url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=34&m=1 | title=Yellow-legged Tinamou – BirdLife Species Factsheet | access-date=9 February 2009 | author=BirdLife International | year=2008 | work=Data Zone}}
- {{cite web| url= http://www.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/51339.htm| title=Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Crypturellus noctivagus | access-date=9 February 2009 |last=Brands | first=Sheila | date=14 August 2008 | work=Project: The Taxonomicon }}
- {{cite book |last1=Clements |first1=James |title=The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World |edition=6th |year=2007 |publisher= Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, NY |isbn=978-0-8014-4501-9 }}
- {{cite encyclopedia |last=Davies |first=S.J.J.F.|editor1-first=Michael |editor1-last= Hutchins|encyclopedia=Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia |title=Tinamous |edition=2nd |year=2003 |publisher=Gale Group|volume=8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins |location=Farmington Hills, MI|isbn=0-7876-5784-0 |pages=57–59}}
- {{cite web| url= http://ricardo-gagliardi.sites.uol.com.br/avesRJ.pdf | title= Lista das Aves do Estado do Rio de Janeiro | access-date=18 February 2010 |last=Gagliardi | first=R. | date=15 February 2010}}
- {{cite book |last1=Gotch |first1=A. F. |title=Latin Names Explained. A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals|year= 1995 |orig-year=1979 |publisher=Facts on File |location=New York, NY|isbn=0-8160-3377-3|page=183|chapter=Tinamous}}
- {{cite book |last1=Mata |first1=J. R. R. |last2 = Erize |first2= F. | last3 = Rumboll |first3= M. |title=Birds of South America – Non-Passerines |year= 2006 |publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. |location=London|isbn=0-00-715084-9|pages=58–59}}
- {{cite web| url= http://www.oap.org.br/listaPB.htm |title=Lista das Aves do Paraíba– Brasil |trans-title=List of the Birds of Paraíba |language=pt |access-date=18 February 2010 |author=Observadores de Aves de Pernambuco |date=10 August 2005}}
- {{cite book |last1=Sick |first1=H. |author-link = Helmut Sick|title=Birds in Brazil – A Natural History |year= 1993 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=West Sussex|isbn=0-691-08569-2|pages=103–104}}
External links
- [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=34&m=0 BirdLife Species Factsheet]
{{Tinamous}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1270229}}
Category:Birds of the Caatinga
Category:Endemic birds of Brazil