:Bernardo Bertolucci
{{short description|Italian film director and screenwriter (1941–2018)}}
{{redirect|Bertolucci|the surname|Bertolucci (surname)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Bernardo Bertolucci
| honorific_suffix = OMRI
| image = Bernardo Bertolucci, film director.jpg
| caption = Bertolucci, {{circa|1971}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1941|3|16|df=y}}
| birth_place = Parma, Italy
| death_date = {{death date and age|2018|11|26|1941|3|16|df=y}}
| death_place = Rome, Italy
| years_active = 1962–2018
| occupation = {{hlist
| Film director
| screenwriter
}}
| father = Attilio Bertolucci
| spouse = {{unbulleted list
| {{marriage|Adriana Asti|end=div}}
| {{marriage|Clare Peploe|1979}}
}}
| relatives = {{unbulleted list
| Mark Peploe (brother-in-law)
}}
| awards = {{see below| {{slink||Awards and nominations}}}}
| module = {{listen |embed=yes |filename=Bernardo Bertolucci bbc radio4 front row 29 04 2013.flac |title=Bernardo Bertolucci's voice |type=speech |description=from the BBC programme Front Row, 29 April 2013{{cite episode |title=Bernardo Bertolucci |series=Front Row |series-link=Front Row (radio programme) |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01s483g |access-date=18 January 2014 |station=BBC Radio 4 |date=29 April 2013}}
}}
}}
Bernardo Bertolucci {{post-nominal styles|post-noms=OMRI}} ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|əːr|t|ə|ˈ|l|uː|tʃ|i}} {{respell|BUR|tə|LOO|chee}}; {{IPA|it|berˈnardo bertoˈluttʃi|lang}}; 16 March 1941 – 26 November 2018) was an Italian film director and screenwriter with a career that spanned 50 years. Considered one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema, Bertolucci's work achieved international acclaim. With The Last Emperor (1987) he became the first Italian filmmaker to win the Academy Award for Best Director,{{efn|Italian-born Frank Capra won in the category twice, but was a naturalized U.S. citizen.}} and he received many other accolades including a BAFTA Award, a César Award, two Golden Globes, a Golden Lion in 2007, and an Honorary Palme d'Or at Cannes in 2011.{{cite news |title=Bernardo Bertolucci to receive Palme d'Or honour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-13041286 |publisher=BBC News |date=11 April 2011 |access-date=25 August 2012}}
A protégé of Pier Paolo Pasolini,{{cite web|title=A director outgrowing the influence: Bernardo Bertolucci in the 1960s {{!}} Sight & Sound|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/features/director-outgrowing-influence-bernardo-bertolucci-1960s|access-date=2021-03-16|website=British Film Institute|date=28 November 2018}} Bertolucci made his directorial debut at 22. His second film, Before the Revolution (1964), earned strong international reviews and has since gained classic status, being called a "masterpiece of Italian cinema" by Film4. His 1970 film The Conformist, an adaptation of the Alberto Moravia novel, is considered a classic of international cinema,{{Cite web|title=Bernardo Bertolucci obituary: extraordinary director of visually outstanding cinema {{!}} Sight & Sound|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/comment/obituaries/bernardo-bertolucci-extraordinary-visual-cinema-director|access-date=2021-03-15|website=British Film Institute|date=28 November 2018}} and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and the prestigious Berlin Golden Bear. His 1972 erotic drama Last Tango in Paris was controversial due to its rape scene and comments made by actress Maria Schneider about her treatment on set.{{Cite web |last=North |first=Anna |date=2018-11-26 |title=The disturbing story behind the rape scene in Bernardo Bertolucci's Last Tango in Paris, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/2018/11/26/18112531/bernardo-bertolucci-maria-schneider-last-tango-in-paris |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=Vox |language=en-US}} Bertolucci's later films such as the historical epic 1900 (1976), the family drama La Luna (1979), and the darkly comedic Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man (1981), were also controversial but acclaimed.
His 1987 film The Last Emperor, a biopic of Chinese monarch Puyi, was a critical and commercial success, earning rave reviews and sweeping the 60th Academy Awards (including Best Picture and Best Director). He followed its success with two more films in his "Oriental Trilogy"{{cite web |last=Leonelli |first=Elisa |title=Remembering Bernardo Bertolucci|url=https://www.culturalweekly.com/remembering-bernardo-bertolucci/ |website=Cultural Weekly |date=26 November 2018 |access-date=16 March 2021 |language=en-US}} – The Sheltering Sky, an adaptation of the novel of the same name, and Little Buddha, a Buddhist religious epic. His 1996 film, Stealing Beauty, brought him his second of two Palme d'Or nominations. He continued directing well into the 21st century, releasing his final film, Me and You, in 2012.
Bertolucci's films often deal with themes of politics, sexuality, history, class conflict and social taboos,{{cite web|last=Ebiri|first=Bilge|title=Bertolucci, Bernardo – Senses of Cinema|date=26 July 2020 |url=https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2004/great-directors/bertolucci/|access-date=2021-03-16|language=en-US}}{{cite news|last=Hornaday|first=Ann|title=Perspective {{!}} More than anyone, Bernardo Bertolucci exemplified the pain and pleasure of the male gaze|language=en-US |newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/more-than-anyone-bernardo-bertolucci-exemplified-the-pain-and-pleasure-of-the-male-gaze/2018/11/26/563251d4-f198-11e8-80d0-f7e1948d55f4_story.html|access-date=2021-03-16|issn=0190-8286}} and his style has influenced several filmmakers. Several of his films have appeared on lists of the greatest films of all time.
Early life
Bertolucci was born in the Italian city of Parma, in the region of Emilia-Romagna. He was the elder son of Ninetta (Giovanardi), a teacher, and Attilio Bertolucci, who was a poet, a reputed art historian, anthologist and film critic.{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/34/Bernardo-Bertolucci.html |title=Bernardo Bertolucci Biography (1940-) |publisher=Film Reference |access-date=14 September 2010}} His mother was born in Australia,{{cite book|title=Bernardo Bertolucci: Interviews|author1=Bertolucci, B.|author2=Gerard, F.S.|author3=Kline, T.J.|author4=Sklarew, B.H.|date=2000|publisher=University Press of Mississippi|isbn=9781578062058|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pXjyHVUD-GcC&pg=PR17|access-date=16 October 2016}}{{cite web|url=http://cinquantamila.corriere.it/storyTellerThread.php?threadId=BERTOLUCCI+Bernardo|publisher=cinquantamila.corriere.it|title=Bernardo Bertolucci - biografia|access-date=16 October 2016|archive-date=18 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018220055/http://cinquantamila.corriere.it/storyTellerThread.php?threadId=BERTOLUCCI+Bernardo|url-status=dead}} to an Italian father and an Australian mother (of Irish and Scottish descent).
Having been raised in an artistic environment, Bertolucci began writing at the age of 15, and soon after received several prestigious literary prizes, including the Premio Viareggio for his first book. His father's background helped his career: the elder Bertolucci had helped the Italian filmmaker Pier Paolo Pasolini publish his first novel, and Pasolini reciprocated by hiring Bertolucci as his first assistant in Rome on Accattone (1961).
Bertolucci had one brother, the theatre director and playwright Giuseppe (27 February 1947 – 16 June 2012). His cousin was the film producer Giovanni Bertolucci (24 June 1940 – 17 February 2005), with whom he worked on a number of films.
Career
= Directorial breakthrough =
Bertolucci initially wished to become a poet like his father. With this goal in mind, he attended the Faculty of Modern Literature of the University of Rome from 1958 to 1961, where his film career as an assistant director to Pasolini began.{{cite web|title=A YOUNG BERTOLUCCI TALKS ABOUT PASOLINI (from "Pasolini l'Enragé")|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NR0D8nuI1iE| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305132329/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NR0D8nuI1iE&gl=US&hl=en| archive-date=2012-03-05 | url-status=dead|work=YouTube|publisher=Google, Inc|access-date=25 August 2012|author=theblackpaul|date=3 June 2010}} Shortly after, Bertolucci left the university without graduating. In 1962, at the age of 22, he directed his first feature film, produced by Tonino Cervi with a screenplay by Pasolini, called La commare secca (1962). The film is a murder mystery, following a prostitute's homicide. Bertolucci uses flashbacks to piece together the crime and the person who committed it. The film which shortly followed was his acclaimed Before the Revolution (Prima della rivoluzione, 1964).
The boom of Italian cinema, which gave Bertolucci his start, slowed in the 1970s as directors were forced to co-produce their films with several of the American, Swedish, French, and German companies and actors due to the effects of the global economic recession on the Italian film industry.
Bertolucci caused controversy in 1972 with the film Last Tango in Paris, starring Marlon Brando, Maria Schneider, Jean-Pierre Léaud and Massimo Girotti. The film presents Brando's character, Paul, as he copes with his wife's suicide by emotionally and physically dominating a young woman, Jeanne (Schneider). The depictions of Schneider, then 19 years old, have been criticized as exploitive. In one scene, Paul anally rapes Jeanne using butter as a lubricant. Bertolucci said use of butter was not in the script; Bertolucci and Brando had discussed it, but they did not tell Schneider. According to Schneider, the rape scene was not in the script at all.{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/downhill-ride-for-maria-after-her-tango-with-brando-20060622-gdnt2a.html|title=Downhill ride for Maria after her tango with Brando|date=2006-06-22}} She said in 2007 that she had cried "real tears" during the scene and had felt humiliated and "a little raped".Izadi, Elahe (5 December 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/12/05/why-the-last-tango-in-paris-rape-scene-is-generating-such-an-outcry-now/ "Why the 'Last Tango in Paris' rape scene is generating such an outcry now"], The Washington Post.Summers, Hannah (4 December 2016). [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/dec/04/actors-disgust-last-tango-paris-rape-scene-confession-bertolucci "Actors voice disgust over Last Tango in Paris rape scene confession"], The Guardian. In 2013 Bertolucci said that he had withheld the information from Schneider to generate a real "reaction of frustration and rage".{{cite news|author=Geoffrey Macnab|newspaper= The Guardian|date=1 February 2013|title=Bernardo Bertolucci: 'I thought I couldn't make any more movies'|access-date=16 February 2013|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/feb/01/bernardo-bertolucci-berlusconi-last-tango}} Brando alleged that Bertolucci had wanted the characters to have real sex, but Brando and Schneider both said it was simulated. In 2016 Bertolucci released a statement where he clarified that Schneider had known of the violence to be depicted in the scene, but had not been told about the use of butter.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/dec/05/bernardo-bertolucci-last-tango-in-paris-response-maria-schneider|title=Bernardo Bertolucci: Last Tango controversy is 'ridiculous'|last=Lee|first=Benjamin|date=5 December 2016|work=The Guardian|access-date=2 June 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}
Following the “media glare” and her fame after the film's release, Schneider became a drug addict and suicidal.{{cite news|last1=McLellan|first1=Dennis|title=Maria Schneider dies at 58; actress in 'Last Tango in Paris'|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-xpm-2011-feb-04-la-me-maria-schneider-20110204-story.html|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=24 March 2015|date=4 February 2011}} Criminal proceedings were brought against Bertolucci in Italy for obscenity; the film was sequestered by the censorship commission and all copies were ordered destroyed. An Italian court revoked Bertolucci's civil rights for five years and gave him a four-month suspended prison sentence.{{cite web|title=Bernardo Bertolucci |url=http://www.rannakino.ee/en/programm/july-2012.html?id=348 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130213033410/http://www.rannakino.ee/en/programm/july-2012.html?id=348 |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 February 2013 |work=Rannakino |access-date=26 August 2012 |author=Rannakino |year=2012 }} In 1978 the Appeals Court of Bologna ordered three copies of the film to be preserved in the national film library with the stipulation that they could not be viewed, until Bertolucci was later able to re-submit it for general distribution with no cuts.{{cite book|last1=Rashkin|first1=Esther|title=Unspeakable Secrets and the Psychoanalysis of Culture|date=2008|publisher=SUNY Press|location=Albany, New York|isbn=978-0791475348|page=224|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EuQmXl2j9cgC&pg=PA223|access-date=24 March 2015}}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/dec/04/last-tango-in-paris-director-says-maria-schneider-butter-scene-not-consensual|title=Last Tango in Paris director suggests Maria Schneider 'butter rape' scene not consensual|first1=Bonnie|last1=Malkin|date=3 December 2016|newspaper=The Guardian}}{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/hollywood-reacts-disgust-outrage-last-tango-paris-directors-resurfaced-rape-scene-confession-95|title=Hollywood Reacts With Disgust, Outrage Over 'Last Tango in Paris' Director's Resurfaced Rape Scene Confession|website=The Hollywood Reporter|date=3 December 2016}}{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/last-tango-in-paris-rape-scene-consensual-bernardo-bertolucci-1201933117/|title='Last Tango in Paris' Rape Scene Was Not Consensual, Director Bernardo Bertolucci Admits|first=Seth|last=Kelley|date=3 December 2016}}
File:Bernardo Bertolucci Hollywood Walk of Fame.jpg]]
Bertolucci increased his fame with his next few films, from 1900 (1976), an epic depiction of the struggles of farmers in Emilia-Romagna from the beginning of the 20th century up to World War II with an international cast (Robert De Niro, Gérard Depardieu, Donald Sutherland, Sterling Hayden, Burt Lancaster, Dominique Sanda) to La Luna, set in Rome and in Emilia-Romagna, in which Bertolucci deals with the thorny issue of drugs and incest, and finally La tragedia di un uomo ridicolo (1981), with Ugo Tognazzi.{{cite news |title=Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man: A Kidnaping as Seen by Bertolucci |last=Canby |first=Vincent |date=12 February 1982 |work=The New York Times |url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9505E5DA103BF931A25751C0A964948260}}
He then wrote two screenplays based on Dashiell Hammett's Red Harvest. He hoped this would be his first film set in America, but nothing came of it.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/nov/26/bernardo-bertolucci-obituary|title=Bernardo Bertolucci obituary |work=The Guardian|date=26 November 2018|access-date=29 November 2018}}
= ''The Last Emperor'' and later career =
In 1987, Bertolucci directed the epic The Last Emperor, a biographical film telling the life story of Aisin-Gioro Puyi, the last emperor of China. The film was independently produced by British producer Jeremy Thomas, with whom Bertolucci worked almost exclusively from then on. The film was independently financed and three years in the making. Bertolucci, who co-wrote the film with Mark Peploe, won the Academy Award for Best Director. The film uses Puyi's life as a mirror that reflects China's passage from feudalism through revolution to its current state.
At the 60th Academy Awards, The Last Emperor won all nine Oscars for which it was nominated: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium, Best Cinematography, Best Film Editing, Best Costume Design, Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Best Music, Original Score and Best Sound.{{cite news|first=Aljean|last=Harmetz|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/12/movies/the-last-emperor-wins-9-oscars-and-is-named-best-film-of-1987.html|title='The Last Emperor' Wins 9 Oscars And Is Named Best Film of 1987|work=The New York Times|date=12 April 1988|access-date=29 November 2018}}
The Last Emperor was the first feature film ever authorized by the government of the People's Republic of China to film in the Forbidden City.{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,967235,00.html|title=Love And Respect, Hollywood-Style|date=April 25, 1988|first=Richard|last=Corliss|authorlink=Richard Corliss|magazine=Time|access-date=20 July 2021|archive-date=5 January 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130105160122/http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,967235,00.html|url-status=dead}} Bertolucci had proposed the film to the Chinese government as one of two possible projects. The other film was La Condition Humaine by André Malraux. The Chinese government preferred The Last Emperor.{{cite news|first=Charles|last=Champlin|authorlink=Charles Champlin|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-12-06-ca-26851-story.html|title=Bertolucci: The Emperor's New Clothier|work=Los Angeles Times|date=6 December 1987|access-date=30 November 2018}}
After The Last Emperor, The Sheltering Sky and Little Buddha, Bertolucci returned to Italy to film, and to revisit his old themes but with varying results from both critics and the public. He filmed Stealing Beauty in 1996,{{cite news|first=Julia|last=Felsenthal|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/liv-tyler-stealing-beauty-summer-movie|title=Why Stealing Beauty Is the Ultimate Summer Movie|work=Vogue|date=July 1, 2015|access-date=December 12, 2017}} then The Dreamers in 2003, which describes the political passions and sexual revolutions of two siblings in Paris in 1968.{{cite web|first=Peter|last=Bradshaw|authorlink=Peter Bradshaw|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/News_Story/Critic_Review/Guardian_Film_of_the_week/0,4267,1141606,00.html|title=The Dreamers|newspaper=The Guardian |date=6 December 2004|access-date=12 December 2017}}
In 2007, Bertolucci received the Golden Lion Award at the Venice Film Festival for his life's work, and in 2011 he also received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival.{{cite web |url=https://www.cinematografo.it/news/speciale-palma-doro-a-bertolucci/ |title=Speciale Palma d'Oro a Bertolucci |website=Cinematografo.it |access-date=2 August 2011}}
In 2012, his final film, Me and You, was screened out of competition at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival{{cite web |url=http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/article/58878.html |title=2012 Official Selection |access-date=26 May 2012 |work=Cannes}}{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/may/22/me-and-you-review?newsfeed=true |title=Cannes 2012: Me and You (Io e Te) – review |access-date=26 May 2012 |first=Peter |last=Bradshaw |authorlink=Peter Bradshaw|work=The Guardian|date=22 May 2012}} and was released early in 2013 in the UK. The film is an adaptation of Niccolò Ammaniti's young adult book Me and You. The screenplay for the movie was written by Bertolucci, Umberto Contarello and Niccolò Ammaniti.{{Cite news |title=Bernardo Bertolucci girerà il suo prossimo film in 3D |first=Nicoletta |last=Gemmi |date=18 February 2011 |url=http://www.primissima.it/cinema_news/scheda/bernardo_bertolucci_girera_il_suo_prossimo_film_in_3d/ |access-date=1 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126135138/http://www.primissima.it/cinema_news/scheda/bernardo_bertolucci_girera_il_suo_prossimo_film_in_3d/ |archive-date=26 November 2018 |url-status=dead }} Bertolucci originally intended to shoot the film in 3D but was forced to abandon this plan due to cost.{{cite news|last=Vivarelli|first=Nick|title=Bertolucci abandons 3D plan for 'Me and You'|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/news/bertolucci-abandons-3d-plan-for-me-and-you-1118044104/|access-date=21 April 2012|work=Variety|date=7 October 2011}}
Bertolucci appeared on the Radio Four programme Start the Week on 22 April 2013,{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01s09js|title=Start the week|date=22 April 2013|access-date=29 November 2013}} and on Front Row on 29 April 2013, where he chose La Dolce Vita, a film directed by Federico Fellini, for the "Cultural Exchange".{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02p38dh|title=Cultural Exchange|date=29 April 2013|access-date=29 November 2013}}
In the spring of 2018, in an interview with the Italian edition of Vanity Fair, Bertolucci announced that he was preparing a new film. He stated, "The theme will be love, let's call it that. In reality, the theme is communication and therefore also incommunicability. The favorite subject of Michelangelo Antonioni and the condition I found myself facing when I moved on from my films for the few, those of the sixties, to a broader cinema ready to meet a large audience."{{cite web|first=Malcolm|last=Pagani|url=https://www.vanityfair.it/show/cinema/2018/11/26/addio-a-bernardo-bertolucci-morto-roma-regista|title=Addio a Bernardo Bertolucci. L'ultima intervista|work=Vanity Fair|date=26 November 2018|access-date=30 November 2018|language=it}}
= As a screenwriter, producer and actor =
Bertolucci wrote many screenplays, both for his own films and for films directed by others, two of which he also produced.
He was an actor in the film Golem: The Spirit of Exile, directed by Amos Gitai in 1992.{{cite web|url=https://www.kviff.com/en/programme/film/03154-golem-the-spirit-of-exile/|title= Archive of films Golem: The Spirit of Exile / Golem: L'esprit de l'exil |publisher=Karlovy Vary International Film Festival|access-date=30 November 2018}}
Politics and personal beliefs
Bertolucci was an atheist,{{cite web |url=http://www.mymovies.it/critica/persone/critica.asp?id=37880&r=3121 |title=Interview to Mymovies |publisher=Mymovies.it |access-date=2 August 2011 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220050452/http://www.mymovies.it/critica/persone/critica.asp?id=37880&r=3121 |url-status=dead }} though he was fascinated by Buddhism.{{cite magazine |first=Swapnil Dhruv |last=Bose |date=27 March 2024|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/buddhism-shaped-bernardo-bertolucci/ |title='I need a utopia': how Buddhism shaped Bernardo Bertolucci |magazine=Far Out Magazine |access-date=25 August 2024}}
Bertolucci's films are often very political. He was a professed Marxist and, like Luchino Visconti, who similarly employed many foreign artists during the late 1960s, Bertolucci used his films to express his political views. His political films were preceded by others re-evaluating history. The Conformist (1970) criticised fascism, touched upon the relationship between nationhood and nationalism, as well as issues of popular taste and collective memory, all amid an international plot by Benito Mussolini to assassinate a politically active leftist professor of philosophy in Paris. 1900 also analyses the struggle of Left and Right.
On 27 September 2009, Bertolucci was one of the signatories of the appeal to the Swiss government to release Roman Polanski, who was being held awaiting extradition to the United States.{{cite web|first=Andre|last=Soares|date=30 September 2009|title=Penelope Cruz, Bernardo Bertolucci, Gael Garcia Bernal Sign Polanski Petition|work=Alt Film Guide|access-date=31 August 2013|url=http://www.altfg.com/blog/politics/penelope-cruz-bertolucci-bernal-polanski-petition}}
On Twitter on 24 April 2015, Bertolucci participated in #whomademyclothes, Fashion Revolution's anti-sweatshop campaign commemorating the 2013 Savar building collapse, the deadliest accident in the history of the garment industry.{{cite web|title=Fashion Revolution: who made your clothes?|url=http://www.mindfood.com/article/fashion-revolution-who-made-your-clothes/}}
Bertolucci advocated the practice of Transcendental Meditation: "We want to evoke the present and it is difficult to do it all together, we can only meditate, as in transcendental meditation. One of the most powerful experiences. Either you meditate or watch a good movie, then the two things start to touch ... ".{{Cite web|url=https://www.sguardidiconfine.com/bertolucci-addio-sguardo-eclettico-sulla-realta/|title=Bertolucci, addio a uno sguardo eclettico sulla realtà –|date=26 November 2018}}
Death
Bertolucci died of lung cancer in Rome on 26 November 2018, at the age of 77.{{cite news |url=https://www.repubblica.it/spettacoli/cinema/2018/11/26/news/e_morto_bernardo_bertolucci-212656049/ |title=È morto Bernardo Bertolucci, l'ultimo grande maestro |newspaper=La Repubblica |date=26 November 2018 |access-date=26 November 2018 |first=Irene |last=Bignardi |publisher=Divisione Stampa Nazionale |agency=GEDI Gruppo Editoriale S.p.A.}}{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-46342644 |title=Oscar-winning director Bertolucci dies |work=BBC News |date=26 November 2018 |access-date=27 November 2018 |publisher=BBC}}
Filmography
=Short film=
| class="wikitable" |
| Year
! Title ! width=65 | Director ! width=65 | Writer ! Notes |
|---|
| rowspan=2|1956
|The Death of a Pig |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |
| The Cable
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |Also editor and cinematographer |
| 1969
|Agony |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |Segment of Love and Anger |
| 2002
|Histoire d'eaux |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |Segment of Ten Minutes Older: The Cello |
=Feature film=
| class="wikitable" |
| Year
! Title ! width=65 | Director ! width=65 | Writer |
|---|
| 1962
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1964
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1967
|How to Win a Billion... and Get Away with It |{{no}} |{{yes}} |
| rowspan="2"|1968
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| Once Upon a Time in the West
|{{no}} |{{yes}} |
| rowspan="2"|1970
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| The Spider's Stratagem
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1972
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1976
|1900 |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1979
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1981
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1987
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1990
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1993
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1996
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 1998
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
| 2001
|{{no}} |{{yes}} |
| 2003
|{{yes}} |{{no}} |
| 2012
|{{yes}} |{{yes}} |
Producer
- Sconcerto Rock (1982)
- Io con te non ci sto più (1983)
- The Triumph of Love (2001)
=Documentary works=
Short film
| class="wikitable" |
| Year
! Title ! width=65 | Director ! width=65 | Writer ! Notes |
|---|
| 1966
|Il canale |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |
| 1971
|La salute è malata |{{yes}} |{{no}} | |
| 1989
|Bologna |{{yes}} |{{no}} |Segment of 12 registi per 12 città |
| 2013
|{{yes}} |{{no}} | |
Film
| class="wikitable" |
| Year
! Title ! width=65 | Director ! width=65 | Writer ! Notes |
|---|
| 1976
|Il silenzio è complicità |{{no}} |{{yes}} |Also editor |
| 1984
|L'addio a Enrico Berlinguer |{{yes}} |{{yes}} | |
Television
| class="wikitable" |
| Year
! Title ! width=65 | Director ! width=65 | Writer ! Notes |
|---|
| 1967
| La via del petrolio |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |3 episodes |
| 1985
| Cartoline dalla Cina |{{yes}} |{{yes}} |TV short |
Awards and nominations
Other awards
- 1997: Honorable Mention at the Locarno International Film Festival
- 1997: Award special visual sensitivity in directing at Camerimage
- 1997: Award for collaborating director – director of photography (Vittorio Storaro) at Camerimage
- 1998: Recognition for free expression by the National Board of Review
- 1999: Life Time Achievement Award - 30th International Film Festival of India{{Cite news|last=Devipriya|date=January 1999|title=30th IFFI Stars|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm30IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=30IIFA.pdf|work=30th International Film Festival of India '99|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=23 March 2018|page=150|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130012630/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm30IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=30IIFA.pdf|archive-date=30 January 2013}}
- 2007: Golden Lion for his career at the Venice Film Festival
- 2011: Honorary Palme d'Or at Cannes Film Festival
| class="wikitable"
|+ Accolades for Bertolucci's theatrical films |
| rowspan="2"| Year
!rowspan="2"| Title !colspan="2"| Academy Awards !colspan="2"| BAFTAs !colspan="2"| Golden Globes !colspan="2"| David di Donatellos |
|---|
| Nominations
!Wins !Nominations !Wins !Nominations !Wins !Nominations !Wins |
| 1970
|align=center|1 | | | |align=center|1 | |align=center|1 |align=center|1 |
| 1972
|align=center|2 | |align=center|1 | |align=center|2 | |align=center|1 |align=center|1 |
| 1979
|Luna | | | | |align=center|1 | | | |
| 1987
|align=center|9 |align=center|9 |align=center|11 |align=center|3 |align=center|5 |align=center|4 |align=center|10 |align=center|9 |
| 1990
| | |align=center|2 |align=center|1 |align=center|2 |align=center|1 | | |
| 1996
| | | | | | |align=center|5 | |
| 1998
| | | | | | |align=center|3 | |
| 2003
| | | | | | |align=center|1 | |
| 2012
| | | | | | |align=center|6 | |
| colspan="2"| Total
!12 !9 !14 !4 !11 !5 !27 !11 |
Honours
- Grand-Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic of Italy (Rome, 2 June 1988), under proposal of the Council of Ministers.{{cite web|url=http://www.quirinale.it/onorificenze/insigniti/246247|title=Grande Ufficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana|publisher=Presidenza della Repubblica|date=2 June 1988|access-date=29 November 2018|language=it}}
- Gold Medal of the Italian Medal of Merit for Culture and Art of Italy (Rome, 21 February 2001). For having been able to combine poetry and great cinema as in the history of Italian cinema. For having known how to make different cultures and worlds dialogue, remaining strongly rooted in the culture of your country. For having been able to represent with passion and courage the political, social and cultural history of the last hundred years.{{cite web|url=http://www.quirinale.it/onorificenze/insigniti/10033|title=Medaglia d'oro ai benemeriti della cultura e dell'arte|publisher=Presidenza della Repubblica|date=21 February 2001|access-date=29 November 2018|language=it}}
- Master's Degree Honoris Causa in History and Criticism of Arts and Performance of the University of Parma (Laurea Magistrale Honoris Causa in Storia e critica delle arti e dello spettacolo). Bernardo Bertolucci is one of the greatest and recognized filmmakers in the world. His cinema is a reference point for entire generations of directors, has thrilled millions of viewers, also arousing extensive cultural debates that have gone well beyond the film industry, and is the subject of significant historical and theoretical studies published in all of the major world languages.{{cite news|url=https://parma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2014/12/16/news/laurea_ad_honorem_a_bertolucci_ecco_la_motivazione-103068151/|title=Laurea ad honorem a Bertolucci, ecco la motivazione|work=La Repubblica|date=16 December 2014|access-date=29 November 2014}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
{{notelist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- {{IMDb name|934}}
- {{cite web |url=http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/04/bertolucci.html |first=Bilge |last=Ebiri |title=Bernardo Bertolucci |work=Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database |date=September 2004 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331101423/http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/04/bertolucci.html |archive-date=31 March 2010}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060510062426/http://zakka.dk/euroscreenwriters/interviews/bernardo_bertolucci_513.htm Jeremy Isaacs, "Face to Face: Bernardo Bertolucci"], BBC interview, September 1989.
- [http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19871209/REVIEWS/712090301/1023 Roger Ebert, review, The Last Emperor] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012030951/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19871209%2FREVIEWS%2F712090301%2F1023 |date=12 October 2012}}, Chicago Sun-Times, 9 December 1987.
{{Bernardo Bertolucci}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Bernardo Bertolucci
|list =
{{Academy Award Best Director}}
{{Academy Award Best Adapted Screenplay}}
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{{DirectorsGuildofAmericaAwardFeatureFilm 1980–1999}}
{{European Film Academy Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{Golden Globe Award for Best Director 1966–1990}}
{{GoldenGlobeBestScreenplayMotionPicture 1981–2000}}
{{IFFI - Satyajit Ray Lifetime Achievement Award}}
{{Nastro d'Argento Best Director}}
{{National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bertolucci, Bernardo}}
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