:China Railways DFH shunting locomotives

{{short description|Class of Chinese diesel-hydraulic locomotives}}

{{Infobox locomotive

| name = DFH2, DFH5, DFH6, DFH7, DFH21
{{lang|zh|东方红2、东方红5、东方红6、东方红7、东方红21}}

| powertype = Diesel-hydraulic

| image = China Railways DFH2 0008 20111007.jpg

| alt =

| caption = DFH2-0008

| builder = DFH2, DFH5, DFH6, DFH7 Ziyang locomotive works
DFH2, DFH5, DFH21 Sifang locomotive works

| ordernumber =

| serialnumber =

| buildmodel =

| builddate = DFH2 1973
DFH5 1976-1988
DFH6 1981
DFH7 1988
DFH21 1977 (prototype), 1982

| totalproduction = DFH2 ?
DFH5 >500
DFH6 1
DFH7 4
DFH21 >29

| rebuilder =

| rebuilddate =

| numberrebuilt =

| aarwheels =

| uicclass = B'B'

| gauge = {{RailGauge|1435mm}}
DFH21 {{RailGauge|1000mm}}

| trucks =

| bogies =

| wheeldiameter =

| trailingdiameter =

| minimumcurve = (?)

| wheelbase =

| length = DFH2 {{convert|12.400|m|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
DFH5 {{convert|13.700|m|ftin|1|abbr=on}}
DFH6 ?
DFH7 ?
DFH21 {{convert|12.000|m|ftin|1|abbr=on}}

| width =

| height =

| axleload =

| weightondrivers =

| locoweight =

| fueltype =

| fuelcap =

| lubecap =

| coolantcap =

| watercap =

| sandcap =

| consumption =

| watercons =

| primemover =

| transmission = Hydraulic

| rpmrange =

| enginetype =

| aspiration =

| displacement =

| alternator =

| generator =

| tractionmotors =

| cylindercount =

| cylindersize =

| multipleworking =

| maxspeed = DFH2 {{convert|62|km/h|abbr=on}}
DFH5 {{convert|40|km/h|abbr=on}}
DFH6 ?
DFH7 ?
DFH21 {{convert|50|km/h|abbr=on}}

| poweroutput = DFH2 {{convert|650|kW|abbr=on}}
DFH5 {{convert|790|kW|abbr=on}}[http://bbs.hasea.com/thread-170034-1-1.html 海子铁路网社区 » 中国内燃（干线） » 东方红5型(DFH5)内燃机车], (DF5 locomotive), technical drawing and description, bbs.hasea.com
DFH6 {{convert|1740|kW|abbr=on}}
DFH7 {{convert|790|kW|abbr=on}}
DFH21 {{convert|640|kW|abbr=on}}

| tractiveeffort =

| factorofadhesion =

| trainheating =

| locobrakes =

| locobrakeforce =

| trainbrakes =

| safety =

| operator = China Railway DFH2, DFH5, DFH6, DFH7, DFH21
Vietnam Railways D10H

| operatorclass =

| powerclass =

| numinclass =

| fleetnumbers =

| officialname =

| nicknames =

| axleloadclass =

| locale =

| deliverydate =

| firstrundate =

| lastrundate =

| retiredate =

| withdrawndate =

| preservedunits =

| restoredate =

| scrapdate =

| currentowner =

| disposition =

| notes =

}}

The China Railways "Dongfang Hong" diesel-hydraulic locomotive classes DFH2, DFH5, DFH6, and DFH7, built from the 1970s to 1990s, were all used as shunters on the Chinese railway network.

The use of diesel-hydraulic shunters has fallen out of favour on the Chinese rail network, with diesel-electric locomotives being used. However, diesel-hydraulic machines continued to be produced for industrial railways – mainly the China Railways GK classes.[http://www.railwaysofchina.com/dfh5.htm DFH5 东方红5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108090211/http://www.railwaysofchina.com/dfh5.htm |date=2011-01-08 }}, www.railwaysofchina.com

The DFH21 class is a meter gauge version of the DFH2, and was used on the Yunnan–Vietnam Railway for both passenger and freight services; the same machines are used on the Vietnam Railways where they are known as the D10H.

China Railways standard gauge

=DFH2=

The DFH2 was originally designed by Sifang locomotive works in 1966 as a passenger locomotive of rated power {{convert|1470|kW|abbr=on}}. The design did not enter mass production, but in 1973, the design was changed at Ziyang locomotive works to a {{convert|650|kW|abbr=on}} power locomotive with a top speed of {{convert|62|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.[http://www.kepu.net.cn/gb/technology/railway/railway_engine/200402020027.html 东方红型内燃机车], The East is Red Diesel locomotive, www.kepu.net.cn[http://news.workercn.cn/c/2009/09/15/020634542952552_1.html 新闻资料：东方红型内燃机车] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723122825/http://news.workercn.cn/c/2009/09/15/020634542952552_1.html |date=2011-07-23 }}, Dongfang Hong (The east is red) types 2 and 3 museum images, news.workercn.cn

The mass was {{convert|60|t|1|abbr=on}} and the starting tractive effort was {{convert|192|kN|abbr=on}}. The locomotive used a 12V180ZL engine and SF2010 transmission.[http://www.hudong.com/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E7%BA%A22%E5%9E%8B(DFH2)%E5%86%85%E7%87%83%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6 中国铁路东方红2型(DFH2)内燃机车], China Railway "Dongfang Hong" 2 (DFH2) Diesel locomotive, www.hudong.com

=DFH5=

File:China Railways DFH5 001 20111007.jpg

In comparison to the DFH2 type, a number of changes were made for the DFH5: a twin-speed transmission allowing a higher top speed when running without a heavy load was included, and the mass was increased to improve traction.

The DFH5 class was produced in large quantities. The engine was a 12V180ZJ and transmission ZJ2011, producing {{convert|278|kN|abbr=on}} of tractive effort with a mass of {{convert|86|t|1|abbr=on}} and with a top speed of {{convert|40|km/h|abbr=on}}. A higher speed was available with a limit of {{convert|80|km/h|abbr=on}} and tractive effort reduced to approximately half.[http://news.workercn.cn/c/2009/09/15/020634542952552_2.html 新闻资料：东方红型内燃机车] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723122850/http://news.workercn.cn/c/2009/09/15/020634542952552_2.html |date=2011-07-23 }}, Dongfang Hong (The east is red) type 5, museum images and technical details, news.workercn.cn

Variants, the DFH5B and DFH5C, were introduced in 1985, with modifications to improve reliability and performance – in both where the rated power was increased to {{convert|920|kW|abbr=on}}, and the mass by {{convert|4|t|1|abbr=on}}. DFH5C was produced for operations in metalworks.

=DFH6=

One example was produced for shunting in the Chinese port of Huangpu District, Shanghai.

=DFH7=

Four units were produced for shunting in mines and industrial environments.

Metre gauge

===DFH21===

{{hatnote|"Vietnam Railways D10H" and "D10H" redirect here. D10H is also the designation of some former Plymouth CR-8 locomotives.}}

File:Kunming Hekou Railway tracks east of Kunming North Station - P1340831.JPG

Locomotives similar in design to the DFH2 type but built to meter gauge and used as universal locomotives.[http://www.chinarailway.jp/kama_2.html#dfh21 中国機関車大全液体式ディーゼル機関車編 : 東方紅21型（DFH21）] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118200755/http://www.chinarailway.jp/kama_2.html#dfh21 |date=2012-01-18 }} Chinese locomotives : diesel hydraulics, section "DFH21", www.chinarailway.jp The locomotives were used on the Kunming metre gauge railway, including passenger services.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120310194424/http://www.sy-country.co.uk/trains/china420.htm South China March 2005]}}, section "Kunming meter gauge", Peter Patt, Jan Schirling, 2005, www.sy-country.co.uk[https://www.flickr.com/search/?q=dfh21 DFH21] Images via www.flickr.com

As of 2012, Kunming rail fans report that DFH21 locomotives are still used to haul a few passenger trains a day along the metre gauge tracks from Kunming North Railway Station to several nearby stations. {{As of|2014}}, these trains were still in operation.[http://www.mafengwo.cn/i/856012.html 滇越铁路徒步第一程（昆明——宜良）] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230205509/http://www.mafengwo.cn/i/856012.html |date=2012-12-30 }} (A walk along the Kunming-Vietnam Railway. Part 1: Kunming-Chenggong)

30 of the locomotives are also used by Vietnam Railways, where they are known as the D10H.[http://daumaytoaxe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=1072 Danh sách đầu máy D10H tại Việt nam], Info on D10H in Vietnam, daumaytoaxe.com In 2005, Vietnam railways had 20 units operational.{{citation| url = http://www.vr.com.vn/English/hientai_hoatdong_daumay.htm | title = Vietnam Railways: Rolling Stock | archivedate = 13 January 2011| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110113103821/http://www.vr.com.vn/English/hientai_hoatdong_daumay.htm| at= Number of locomotives (of the year 2005)}} In 2009, ten of the engines had Caterpillar Inc. 3512B engines fitted as replacements.[http://daumaytoaxe.com/forum/showthread.php?t=14 Vòng quanh các xí nghiệp đầu máy ở VN], Tour of railway factories in Vietnam, p.16, daumaytoaxe.com

Preserved locomotives

DFH2 0008 and DFH5 0001 are both preserved at the Beijing China Railway Museum.[http://www.railwaysofchina.com/preserved.htm Preserved Locomotives] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715150940/http://www.railwaysofchina.com/preserved.htm |date=2011-07-15 }}, www.railwaysofchina.com