:City of Salford

File:Kersal Cell.JPG, built in the 16th century, was a manor house built on the site of a Cluniac priory.]]

File:Former_Town_Hall,_Salford_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1415163.jpg, Bexley Square]]

Although the metropolitan borough of the City of Salford was a 20th-century creation, the area has a long history of human activity, extending back to the Stone Age. Neolithic flint arrow-heads and tools, and evidence of Bronze Age activity has been discovered in Salford.Cooper (2005), p. 18 The northerly section of Watling Street, a Roman road from Manchester (Mamucium) via Bury to Ribchester (Bremetennacum), passes through the city;{{cite web |title=A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4 |author=William Farrer & J. Brownbill |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41408 |publisher=British-history.ac.uk |access-date=10 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525091032/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41408 |archive-date=25 May 2011 |url-status=live }} a hoard of over 550 bronze Roman coins dating between 259 AD and 278 AD was discovered in Boothstown;{{PastScape|mnumber=44272 |access-date=19 March 2008}} and a Romano-British bog body, Worsley Man, was discovered in the Chat Moss peat bog.Pain (2003), p. 48

In 1142, a monastic cell (small monastic house) dedicated to St. Leonard was established in Kersal. The 12th century hundred of Salford was created as Salfordshire in the historic county of Lancashire and survived until the 19th century,{{cite web|url=http://www.gmcro.co.uk/Guides/Gazeteer/gazzs.htm|title=Greater Manchester Gazetteer|publisher=Greater Manchester County Record Office|access-date=11 November 2007|at=Places names – S|archive-date=18 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718144349/http://www.gmcro.co.uk/Guides/Gazeteer/gazzs.htm}} when it was replaced by one of the first county boroughs in the country. Salford became a free borough in about 1230,Cooper (2005), p. 12 when it was granted a charter as a free borough by the Earl Ranulph of Chester.{{cite web|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/leisure/salfordlocalhistory.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050223144801/http://www.salford.gov.uk/leisure/salfordlocalhistory.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 February 2005 |title=Salford's Local History |date=25 May 2004 |access-date=10 April 2008 |publisher=salford.gov.uk |author=Salford City Council }} The cell in Kersal was sold in 1540 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. A 16th-century manor house, called Kersal Cell, was built on the site of the priory.{{PastScape|mnumber=45104 |mname=Kersal Cell|access-date=20 June 2008}} In the English Civil War between King Charles I and parliament, Salford was Royalist.Cooper (2005), p. 23 Salford was also noted as Jacobite territory; its inhabitants supported Charles Edward Stuart's claim to the Kingdom of Great Britain and hosted him when he rode through the area during the Jacobite rising of 1745.

File:Barton Swing Aqueduct.jpg in the closed position.]]

During the Industrial Revolution, Salford grew as a result of the textile industry.{{cite web|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/leisure/salfordlocalhistory.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050223144801/http://www.salford.gov.uk/leisure/salfordlocalhistory.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 February 2005 |title=Salford's Local History |date=25 May 2004 |access-date=13 November 2007 |publisher=Salford.gov.uk |author=Salford City Council }} Although Salford experienced an increase in population, it was overshadowed by the dominance of Manchester and did not evolve as a commercial centre in the same way.{{cite book|author1=McNeil, R. |author2=Nevell, M|title=A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Greater Manchester|publisher=Association for Industrial Archaeology|year=2000|isbn=0-9528930-3-7}} On 15 September 1830, Eccles was site of the world's first railway accident.{{cite web |title=First railway accident |url=http://www.old-merseytimes.co.uk/huskisson.html |publisher=Old-MerseyTimes.co.uk |access-date=20 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703172320/http://www.old-merseytimes.co.uk/huskisson.html |archive-date=3 July 2008 |url-status=live }} During a stop in Eccles to take on water, William Huskisson, Member of Parliament for Liverpool, had his leg crushed by Stephenson's Rocket; at the time he was in conversation with the Duke of Wellington, who was opening the railway, and did not get out of the way of the train in time. Although Huskisson was taken to Eccles for treatment he died of his injuries.{{cite web|title=First in the world: the making of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway|url=https://www.scienceandindustrymuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/making-the-liverpool-and-manchester-railway|publisher=Science and Industry Museum}} The six-foot-tall Oglala Sioux tribesman, "Surrounded By the Enemy", died here from a bronchial infection at age twenty-two in 1887 during a tour of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show and was buried at Brompton Cemetery.{{cite news|url=http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/1018337_sioux_mystery_solved|title=Sioux mystery solved|last=Wetzel|first=Franziska|date=3 October 2007|work=Manchester Evening News|publisher=M.E.N. Media|access-date=20 April 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421001218/http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/1018337_sioux_mystery_solved|archive-date=21 April 2013}} In 1894, the Manchester Ship Canal was opened, running from the River Mersey to Salford Quays; when it was complete it was the largest navigation canal in the world.Owen (1983), p. 120. Along the route of the canal, it was necessary to create an aqueduct carrying the Bridgewater Canal over the Ship Canal. The Barton Swing Aqueduct, designed by Sir Edward Leader Williams,{{NHLE |num=1356522 |desc=Barton Swing Aqueduct |access-date=20 January 2008}} is {{convert|100|m|ft}} long and weighs {{convert|1450|MT|0}}.Nevell (1997), p. 135.{{cite web | title=Facts and Figures | work=Manchester Ship Canal | url=http://www.clydeport.co.uk/index.php?site_id=6&page_id=381 | access-date=1 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105151649/http://clydeport.co.uk/index.php?site_id=6&page_id=381 | archive-date=5 November 2007 | url-status=dead }}

At the start of the 20th century, Salford began to decline due to competition from outside the UK. A survey in 1931 concluded that parts of Salford were amongst the worst slums in the country.Cooper (2005), p. 41 Salford was granted city status in 1926.{{London Gazette|issue=33154|pages=2776–2777|date=23 April 1926}} During World War II, Salford Docks were regularly bombed.{{cite web | author=ritsonvaljos | title=Salford and Manchester docks were always attacked and we lived nearby | publisher=BBC | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/42/a4248542.shtml | access-date=26 March 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311204039/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/42/a4248542.shtml | archive-date=11 March 2015 | url-status=live }}

In the decades following the Second World War there was a significant economic and population decline in Salford.{{cite web|url=http://www.audit-commission.gov.uk/Products/BVIR/9AC95DA0-C6A1-4b9b-9A0D-D305DE72FFC8/ManchesterSalford.pdf|title=Market Renewal: Manchester Salford Pathfinder|year=2003|access-date=22 February 2008|publisher=Audit Commission|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080810124216/http://www.audit-commission.gov.uk/Products/BVIR/9AC95DA0-C6A1-4b9b-9A0D-D305DE72FFC8/ManchesterSalford.pdf|archive-date=10 August 2008|url-status=live}} In 1961 a small part of Eccles was added to the city. On 1 April 1974, the City and County Borough of Salford was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, and was replaced by the metropolitan borough of City of Salford, one of ten local government districts in the new metropolitan county of Greater Manchester.HMSO. Local Government Act 1972. 1972 c.70 The city status of the new district was confirmed by additional letters patent issued on the same day.{{London Gazette|issue=46255|page=4401|date=4 April 1974}} Since the early 1990s, the decline has slowed.

Prior to the metropolitan borough's creation, the name Salford for the new local government district courted controversy. Salford was "thought second-class by those in Eccles", who preferred the new name "Irwell" for the district (with reference to the River Irwell). A councillor for the then City and County Borough of Salford objected to this suggestion, stating this label was nothing but "a dirty stinking river". The name Irwell won 8 votes to Salford's 7, but a private protest and deliberation favoured Salford as the name for the new city, citing that the River Irwell would pass through two other Greater Manchester districts, and that it "doesn't touch Worsley".{{Harvnb|Clark|1973|pp=101–102}}.

File:River irwell on border of salford and manchester.jpg

The City of Salford is bounded to the north by the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton and Metropolitan Borough of Bury. To the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford and to the west by the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan. Manchester lies directly across the river from Salford. The natural mossland of Chat Moss lies in the south western corner of the city; it covers an area of about {{convert|10.6|sqmi|km2|1}}, accounting for about 30% of the city's area,{{cite web|title=Chat Moss |publisher=Salford City Council |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/planning/naturalenvironment/landscape/chatmoss.htm |access-date=6 April 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120629045513/http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/planning/naturalenvironment/landscape/chatmoss.htm |archive-date=29 June 2012 }} and lies {{convert|75|ft|m|0}} above sea level.Birks (1965), p. 273. The moss makes up the largest area of prime farmland in Greater Manchester. Kersal Moor is an area of moorland spanning {{convert|8|ha|acre}} in Kersal; it is a local nature reserve and a Site of Biological Importance.{{cite web |url=https://www.salford.gov.uk/kersalmoor |access-date=11 December 2007 |date=21 August 2003 |title=English Nature grant Salford its very own nature reserves! |publisher=english-salford.gov.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609201400/https://www.salford.gov.uk/kersalmoor |archive-date=9 June 2016 |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/biodiversity-spd-january-2006.pdf |title=Salford City Council Supplementary planning Document: Nature Conservation and Biodiversity: Adopted 19 July 2006 |author=Salford City Council |publisher=Salford.gov.uk |date=19 July 2007 |access-date=14 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20090225142818/http://www.salford.gov.uk/biodiversity-spd-january-2006.pdf |archive-date=25 February 2009 }} Greenspace accounts for 55.7% of the City of Salford's total area, domestic buildings and gardens comprise 20.0%, and the rest is made up of roads and non-domestic buildings.{{cite web | title = City of Salford physical environment | publisher = Statistics.gov.uk | url = http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=3&b=276781&c=Salford&d=13&e=8&g=354179&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1204935548737&enc=1 | access-date = 8 March 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110525223159/http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=3&b=276781&c=Salford&d=13&e=8&g=354179&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1204935548737&enc=1 | archive-date = 25 May 2011 | url-status = live }}

To the south of Salford are the docks of Salford Quays, now home to the MediaCityUK. MediaCityUK is a large area that crosses the boundary into Trafford Park, Trafford. Although Salford Quays is in the City of Salford and has created job opportunities and more housing since the 2010s when it was built.

The River Irwell runs south east through Kearsley, Clifton and Agecroft then meanders around Lower Broughton and Kersal, Salford Crescent and the centre of Manchester, joining the rivers Irk and Medlock. Turning west, it meets the Mersey south of Irlam, where the route of the river was altered in the late 19th century to form part of the course of the Manchester Ship Canal. The ship canal, opened in 1894, forms part of Salford's southern boundaries with Trafford.Nevell (1997), p. 125. The city's climate is generally temperate, like the rest of Greater Manchester. The nearest weather station is {{convert|10|mi|km}} away at Ringway, in Manchester; the mean highest and lowest temperatures ({{convert|13.2|°C|°F}} and {{convert|6.4|°C|°F}}) are slightly above the national average, while the annual rainfall ({{convert|806.6|mm|in}}) and average hours of sunshine (1394.5 hours) are respectively above and below the national averages.{{Cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/19712000/sites/manchester_airport.html |title=Manchester Airport 1971–2000 weather averages |publisher=Met Office |year=2001 |access-date=12 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929103050/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/19712000/sites/manchester_airport.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/19712000/areal/england.html |author=Met Office |title=Annual England weather averages |publisher=Met Office |year=2007 |access-date=23 April 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605024000/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/averages/19712000/areal/england.html |archive-date=5 June 2011 }}

File:Swinton Town Hall.jpg in Swinton. The meeting place of Salford City Council.]]

{{see also|List of Parliamentary constituencies in Salford}}

The City of Salford is represented by Members of Parliament (MPs) for three constituencies, Salford by Rebecca Long-Bailey (Labour),{{cite news |title=Salford and Eccles constituency election results. |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001459 |access-date= |publisher=BBC.co.uk}} Worsley and Eccles by Michael Wheeler (Labour),{{cite news |title=Worsley and Eccles constituency election results |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001598 |access-date= |work=Guardian.co.uk}} and Blackley and Middleton South by Graham Stringer (Labour).{{cite news |title=Blackley and Middleton South constituency election results |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001103 |access-date= |work=}}

{{main|Salford City Council}}

In 1974, Salford City Council was created to administer the newly formed local government district. Until 1986, it shared power with the Greater Manchester County Council. The council offices are in Swinton, in what was formerly Swinton and Pendlebury Town Hall. The Labour Party have been in control of the council since its formation in 1974.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/vote2012/council/E08000006.stm |title=Vote 2012: Salford |access-date=9 May 2012 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507044009/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/vote2012/council/E08000006.stm |archive-date=7 May 2012 |url-status=live }} The council has a constitution detailing how they should operate in performing their duties.{{cite web |title=The council's constitution |author=City of Salford Borough Council |publisher=Salford.gov.uk |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/constitution.htm |access-date=4 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005023930/http://www.salford.gov.uk/constitution.htm |archive-date=5 October 2008 |url-status=live }}

Salford City Council was assessed by the Audit Commission and judged to be "improving well" in providing services for local people. Overall the council was awarded "three star" status meaning it was "performing well" and "consistently above minimum requirements", similar to 46% of all local authorities.{{cite web|title=Salford City Council comprehensive performance assessment (CPA) scorecard 2007 |publisher=Audit Commission |url=http://cpa.audit-commission.gov.uk/STCCScorecard.aspx?TaxID=107108 |year=2007 |access-date=11 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616175509/http://cpa.audit-commission.gov.uk/STCCScorecard.aspx?TaxID=107108 |archive-date=16 June 2008 }}

The metropolitan borough of the City of Salford is based on the former County Borough of the City of Salford which included the city centre, Pendleton, Weaste, Claremont, Langworthy, Broughton, Kersal, Ordsall and Seedley. The city is entirely unparished and absorbed the municipal boroughs of Eccles and Swinton and Pendlebury and the urban districts of Irlam and Worsley. An urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area.

Since 2012, in addition to the long-existing and largely ceremonial, annually appointed civic mayor of Salford, the city has also had a directly elected mayor.

There are 60 councillors representing 20 wards. Swinton and Walkden have six councillors each.{{cite web | title = Your Councillors | url = https://sccdemocracy.salford.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?FN=WARD&VW=LIST&PIC=0 | website = sccdemocracy.salford.gov.uk | publisher = Salford City Council | access-date = 14 April 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170406021738/https://sccdemocracy.salford.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?FN=WARD&VW=LIST&PIC=0 | archive-date = 6 April 2017 | url-status = live }}

The district is divided into two areas (Central Salford and Salford West){{cite web|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/salford-west-areas.htm |title=Which areas are covered by Salford West? - Salford City Council |access-date=2 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516211806/http://salford.gov.uk/salford-west-areas.htm |archive-date=16 May 2013 }} for some purposes including planning, regeneration and housing.

• Central Salford is the eastern part of the district and comprises seven wards: Broughton, Claremont, Irwell Riverside, Kersal, Ordsall, Langworthy and Weaste & Seedley. This is the more urban half of the district and lies partly within the Manchester Inner Ring Road. Salford Quays lies within this area. Between 2005 and 2011, the Central Salford Urban Regeneration Company was responsible for urban regeneration in this area, securing over £1 billion of private sector investment.{{cite web|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/centralsalford.htm |title=Central Salford - Salford City Council |access-date=2 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427004129/http://www.salford.gov.uk/centralsalford.htm |archive-date=27 April 2013 }} Social housing is provided by Salix Homes in this area.
• Salford West comprises the other 13 wards, including the towns of Eccles, Pendlebury, Swinton and Walkden. This is the more suburban and rural half of the district. Salford City Council's aspiration is that "In 2028, Salford West will be one of the most desirable and prosperous areas in Greater Manchester."{{cite web|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/salfordwest.htm |title=Salford West - Salford City Council |access-date=2 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425054355/http://salford.gov.uk/salfordwest.htm |archive-date=25 April 2013 }} Social housing is provided by City West Housing Trust in this area.

{{Infobox COA wide

|image = 200px

|escutcheon = Azure a shuttle erect between five bees volant two two and one on a chief Or a three-masted ship of the 19th century in full sail Proper between two millrinds Sable.

|crest = On a wreath Or and Azure, a demi-griffin Gules gorged with a collar of steel Proper supporting a staff Or flying therefrom a forked pennon Argent charged with three boars' heads erased and erect in fess Sable langued Gules.

|supporters = On either side a lion Gules gorged with a chain of steel Proper pendant therefrom a pentagon Argent that on the dexter charged with a pheon Sable that on the sinister with a boar's head erased Gules armed Or langued Azure and each holding in the interior forepaw a miner's pickaxe Proper.

|motto = 'Salus Populi Suprema Lex'

|notes = Granted 10 June 1974.{{cite web|url=https://www.heraldry-wiki.com/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Salford|title=Salford | publisher=Heraldry of the World |accessdate=18 March 2023}}

}}

The coat of arms of Salford City Council depicts a weaving shuttle surrounded by five bees with a three masted ship above, on a shield flanked by two lions.{{cite web |title=Salford City coat of arms |url=http://www.civicheraldry.co.uk/great_man.html#salford%20city |publisher=Civicheraldry.co.uk |access-date=10 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823000532/http://www.civicheraldry.co.uk/great_man.html#salford%20city |archive-date=23 August 2007 |url-status=dead }} The blue background with a gold chief is taken from the arms of the city council of the County Borough of Salford, who in turn took it from the colours of the Earl of Chester. The shuttle and five bees represent the industry of the area and five settlements who benefited from the textile industry. The ship is borrowed from the crest of Eccles Borough Council and represents the importance of waterways to the city. The ship is flanked by two millrinds – the iron centres of millstones – symbolising engineering. The lions are taken from the crest of the Borough of Swinton and Pendlebury; they are wearing iron steel chain representing engineering. The shield is topped by a griffin carrying a pennon depicting three boars' heads. The griffin is taken from the crest of Eccles and the boars are from the crest of Irlam Urban District. Beneath the shield is a scroll reading salus populi suprema lex, Latin for "the welfare of the people is the highest law".

In 2017–18, Salford City Council agreed to spend £267 million. They agreed an estimated £79M on children's services (30%); £56M on community health and social care (21%); £40M on levies and charges (15%); £39M on environment and community safety (14%); £36M and on capital financing (13%); £9M on corporate business (3%); £7M on regeneration (3%); and £2M on public health, reform and commissioning (1%). For the 2016–17 financial year, the council's income is expected to consist of £65M including council tax and efficiency savings. The net expenditure is therefore expected to be £202M.{{citation | contribution = Appendix 5: 2017–18 revue budget |title= 2017-18 Revue Budget and Capital Programme | url = https://www.salford.gov.uk/media/390069/budget_report_2017-18.pdf | publisher = Salford City Council | page = 115 | date = 22 February 2015 }}

A Comprehensive Area Assessment by the Audit Commission in 2009 found that Salford's key priorities are improving health, reducing crime, helping young people achieve A-level qualifications, social services, including the views of minority groups, improving skills and "making Salford a cleaner and more attractive place to live".{{cite book | title = One place: Salford overview | url = http://oneplace.audit-commission.gov.uk/infobyarea/region/area/Pages/areaoverview.aspx?region=53&area=431 | archive-url = http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20101019153126/http://oneplace.audit-commission.gov.uk/infobyarea/region/area/Pages/areaoverview.aspx?region=53&area=431 | url-status = dead | archive-date = 19 October 2010 | page = 6 | publisher = Audit Commission | date = 19 October 2009 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20170415013911/http://www.partnersinsalford.org/documents/Item_3_Appendix_1b_-_Area_Assessment_2009_Salford_Full_Draft.pdf Pdf.]

At the 2011 UK census, the City of Salford had a total population of 233,933.{{cite web | title = Area: Salford (Local Authority | url = http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadPage.do?pageId=1004&tc=1492190096703&a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004x1011&m=0&r=1&s=1492190096703&enc=1 | website = neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk | access-date = 14 April 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104704/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadPage.do?pageId=1004&tc=1492190096703&a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004x1011&m=0&r=1&s=1492190096703&enc=1 | archive-date = 15 April 2017 | url-status = live }} Of the 103,556 households in Salford, 25.4% were married or same-sex civil partnership couples living together, 36.4% were one-person households, 11.2% were co-habiting couples and 13.5% were lone parents. The figures for lone parent households were above the national average of 10.6%, and the percentage of married couples was also below the national average of 33.2%; the proportion of one person households was higher than the national average of 30.3%.{{cite web |title=Salford Metropolitan Borough household data |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492190214078&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2489 |access-date=14 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104046/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492190214078&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2489 |archive-date=15 April 2017 |url-status=live }}

The population density was 24.1 persons per hectare (Salford covers 9,719 hectares), 117,151 (50.1%) female, and 116,782 (49.9%) male.{{cite web |title=Salford Metropolitan Borough population density |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492190214078&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2473 |access-date=14 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104856/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492190214078&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2473 |archive-date=15 April 2017 |url-status=live }} Of those aged 16–74 in Salford, 27.1% had no academic qualifications, significantly higher than 22.5% in all of England.{{cite web |title=Salford Metropolitan Borough Qualifications and Students, 2011 |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880625&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2536 |access-date=14 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104401/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880625&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2536 |archive-date=15 April 2017 |url-status=live }} 11.8% of Salford's residents were born outside the United Kingdom, lower than the national average of 13.8%.{{cite web | title = Salford Metropolitan Borough country of birth data | publisher = Statistics.gov.uk | url = http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880609&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2478 | access-date = 14 April 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104054/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880609&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2478 | archive-date = 15 April 2017 | url-status = live }} The largest minority group was recorded as Asian, at 4.1% of the population.{{cite web | title = Salford Metropolitan Borough ethnic group data | publisher = Statistics.gov.uk | url = http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880609&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2477 | access-date = 14 April 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104203/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880609&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2477 | archive-date = 15 April 2017 | url-status = live }}

The number of theft from a vehicle offences and theft of a vehicle per 1,000 of the population was 21.3 and 7.9 compared to the English national average of 7.6 and 2.9 respectively.{{cite web|url=http://www.upmystreet.com/local/police-crime/figures/l/Salford-4302.html |title=Local Area Crime Figures for Salford 2006/7 |access-date=18 June 2008 |publisher=UpMyStreet.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004093721/http://www.upmystreet.com/local/police-crime/figures/l/Salford-4302.html |archive-date=4 October 2008 }} The number of sexual offences was 1.1 compared to the average of 0.9. The national average of violence against another person was 16.7 compared to the Salford average of 27.2. The figures for crime statistics were all recorded during the 2006/7 financial year.{{cite web|url=http://www.upmystreet.com/local/police-crime/learn-more/l/Salford-4302.html |title=Local Area Crime Figures for Salford 2006/7 – Learn More section |access-date=18 June 2008 |publisher=UpMyStreet.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004093731/http://www.upmystreet.com/local/police-crime/learn-more/l/Salford-4302.html |archive-date=4 October 2008 }} Although all were above the averages for England, Salford's crime rate was lower than Manchester's.{{cite web|url=http://www.upmystreet.com/local/police-crime/figures/l/Manchester.html |title=Local Area Crime Figures for Manchester 2006/7 |access-date=22 November 2007 |publisher=UpMyStreet.co.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071125172649/http://www.upmystreet.com/local/police-crime/figures/l/Manchester.html |archive-date=25 November 2007 }}

File:Salford B1.jpg in 2001. Tower blocks were mostly built between the 1950s and 1970s.]]

The table below details the population change since 1801, including the percentage change since the last available census data. Although the City of Salford has existed as a metropolitan borough since 1974, figures have been generated by combining data from the towns, villages, and civil parishes that would later be constituent parts of the city.

{{Historical populations

| title = Population growth in City of Salford since 1801

| align = none

| shading = off

| pop_name = Population

| percentages = on

| cols = 3

|1801|29,495

|1811|38,460

|1821|49,114

|1831|68,744

|1841|91,361

|1851|108,699

|1861|148,740

|1871|188,781

|1881|228,822

|1891|265,000

|1901|296,210

|1911|331,098

|1921|333,031

|1931|334,989

|1941|318,152

|1951|302,160

|1961|291,240

|1971|280,739

|1981|241,532

|1991|230,726

|2001|216,103

|2011|233,900

|2021|269,900

|align-fn= center

| footnote = Source: Vision of Britain{{cite web|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10057073&c_id=10001043&add=N |title=Salford District: total population |publisher=Vision of Britain |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026091937/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP |archive-date=26 October 2012 }}

}}

{{See also|List of churches in Greater Manchester}}

File:The Cathedral Church of St John the Evangelist, Salford - geograph.org.uk - 3027257.jpg, one of the oldest and most prominent landmarks in the City of Salford. Also the home of the Diocese and Bishop of Salford.]]

File:The Church of St Peter, Apostle and Martyr, Swinton and Pendlebury (2695413954).jpg and Pendlebury.]]

The following table shows the religious identity of residents residing in the city of Salford.

Salford is covered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford,{{cite web | title=Parishes of the Diocese |publisher= Salforddiocese.org.uk |url=http://www.salforddiocese.org.uk/parishes/masstimes.html |access-date=17 January 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080111021859/http://www.salforddiocese.org.uk/parishes/masstimes.html |archive-date = 11 January 2008|url-status=dead}} and the Church of England Diocese of Manchester.{{cite web | title = The Church of England Diocese of Manchester | url = http://www.manchester.anglican.org/default.asp | publisher = Manchester.anglican.org | access-date = 17 January 2008 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071227051946/http://www.manchester.anglican.org/default.asp | archive-date = 27 December 2007 | df = dmy-all }}

During the mid-19th century, there was an influx of Irish people into the Salford area, largely due to the famine in Ireland.Cooper, Salford: An Illustrated History, p. 39 In 1848, Salford Roman Catholic Cathedral was consecrated, reflecting Salford's large Irish-born community at the time.{{cite web|title=Shriking Cities: Manchester/Liverpool II|url=http://shrinkingcities.com/fileadmin/shrink/downloads/pdfs/WP-II_Manchester_Liverpool.pdf|date=March 2004|access-date=4 March 2008|page=36|publisher=shrikingcities.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409102709/http://shrinkingcities.com/fileadmin/shrink/downloads/pdfs/WP-II_Manchester_Liverpool.pdf|archive-date=9 April 2008|url-status=live}}

Of Salford's six Grade I listed buildings, three are churches. St Augustine's Church, Pendlebury, was built in 1874 by George Frederick Bodley.{{cite web|title=Index to the List of Buildings, Structures and Features of Architectural, Archaeological or Historic Interest in Salford. |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/planning/heritage-and-conservation/listedbuilding/listed-building-register.htm |publisher=salford.gov.uk |author=Salford City Council |access-date=22 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004172815/http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/planning/heritage-and-conservation/listedbuilding/listed-building-register.htm |archive-date=4 October 2008 }} The Church of St Mary the Virgin, in Eccles, was originally built in the 13th century but was expanded in the 15th. A church has been on the site since at least the 12th century.{{NHLE |num=1067498 |desc=St Mary's Church |access-date=22 December 2007}} St Mark's Church, Worsley was built in 1846 by George Gilbert Scott. The six Grade II* listed churches are the Church of St Andrew in Eccles,{{NHLE |num=1309482 |desc=St Andrew's Church |access-date=24 January 2008}} the Cathedral Church of St John,{{NHLE |num=1386115 |desc=Salford Cathedral |access-date=24 January 2008}} the Church of St Luke in Pendleton,{{NHLE |num=1386145 |desc=Church of St Luke |access-date=24 January 2008}} Monton Unitarian Church in Monton,{{NHLE |num=1067501 |desc=Monton Unitarian Church |access-date=24 January 2008}} the Church of St Philip in Salford,{{NHLE |num=1386165 |desc=St Philip's Church |access-date=24 January 2008}} and the United Reformed Church.

File:Salford Quays from south bank of MSC, 2008.jpg

Salford Docks (also called Manchester Docks) were opened by Queen Victoria in 1894, providing docks in Manchester and Salford for the Manchester Ship Canal which linked Manchester to the sea.{{cite web |title=Salford Quays milestones: the story of Salford Quays |publisher=Salford.gov.uk |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/quays-milestones.pdf |access-date=12 April 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080404012942/http://www.salford.gov.uk/quays-milestones.pdf |archive-date = 4 April 2008}} During the 1970s, the docks fell into decline as they proved too small for new, larger ships, and when they were abandoned in 1982 over 3,000 people lost their jobs. Salford City Council purchased the docks in 1984 and since then they underwent regeneration as a centre of tourism in Salford, which included the construction of the Lowry Centre. More than 10,000 people are employed in the Quays in jobs such as retail, construction, and e-commerce.{{cite web |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/regeneration/geographicareas/quays-regen/salford-quays.htm |title=Salford Quays Milestones |publisher=Salford City Council |date=10 June 2005 |access-date=9 July 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070710212859/http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/regeneration/geographicareas/quays-regen/salford-quays.htm |archive-date = 10 July 2007}} In 2007, it was confirmed that the BBC would be moving five of its departments to a new development on Pier 9 of Salford Quays, called MediaCityUK.{{cite web |title=BBC Salford is on! |publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2007/01/18/salford_mediacity_feature.shtml |access-date=20 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022030404/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2007/01/18/salford_mediacity_feature.shtml |archive-date=22 October 2007 |url-status=live }} The move was completed in 2011.

Finance and professional services, tourism and culture, and computer and internet based services have been identified as growth industries in Greater Manchester and are concentrated in Manchester and Salford.{{cite web |title=Promoting a Dynamic Economy |publisher=Greater Manchester e-Government Partnership |url=http://www.gmep.org.uk/ccm/content/agma/promoting-a-dynamic-economy.en;jsessionid=64C7688F205BEE012F17A5E3001818D5 |access-date=12 April 2008 |archive-url = https://archive.today/20080112085728/http://www.gmep.org.uk/ccm/content/agma/promoting-a-dynamic-economy.en;jsessionid=64C7688F205BEE012F17A5E3001818D5 |archive-date = 12 January 2008|url-status=dead}} Average house prices in the City of Salford are sixth out of all the metropolitan boroughs in Greater Manchester, 7.6% lower than the average for the county.{{cite news |title=UK house prices: July to September 2012 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/uk_house_prices/counties/html/county38.stm |access-date=12 April 2008 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515155902/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/uk_house_prices/counties/html/county38.stm |archive-date=15 May 2008 |url-status=live }} There are, however, areas of considerable affluence, within the city, such as Broughton Park, parts of Kersal, Ellesmere Park, Worsley, parts of Swinton and Pendlebury and the ultra-modern Salford Quays.

At the 2011 UK census, Salford had 173,117 residents aged 16 to 74. 4.7% of these people were students with jobs, 4.1% looking after home or family, 6.9% permanently sick or disabled and 2.9% economically inactive for other reasons. The City of Salford has a high rate of people who are permanently sick and disabled, 70% higher than the national average of 4.0%.

In 2011, of 106,904 residents of the City of Salford in employment, the industry of employment was: 17.8% retail and wholesale; 7.6% manufacturing;13.7% health and social work; 8.7% education; 7.2% construction; 5.2% transport and storage; 6.6% accommodation and food service; 6.2% administrative and support services; 6.0% professional, scientific and technical; 5.1% public administration and defence; 4.4% financial and insurance; 3.4% information and communication; 1.6% real estate; 0.9% water supply and waste management; 0.6% energy supply; 0.1% agriculture, forestry and fishing; 0.1% mining and quarrying; and 4.7% other. This was roughly in line with national figures, except for the proportion of jobs in agriculture which is less than half the national average, reflecting the city's suburban nature and its proximity to the centre of Manchester.{{cite web | title=City of Salford Local Authority industry of employment | publisher=Statistics.gov.uk | url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880625&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2538 | access-date=15 April 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104218/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6275224&c=Salford&d=13&e=62&g=6345036&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1492195880625&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2538 | archive-date=15 April 2017 | url-status=live }}

JCDecaux UK has its Manchester office in the Metroplex Business Park in Salford."[http://www.jcdecaux.co.uk/contact/?departmentid=58 Contact] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301040459/http://www.jcdecaux.co.uk/contact/?departmentid=58 |date=1 March 2012 }}." JCDecaux UK. Retrieved on 28 September 2011. "JCDecaux – Manchester

Unit 122, Metroplex Business Park Broadway, Salford Manchester, M50 2UW"

File:Salford Museum and Art Gallery - geograph.org.uk - 3889437.jpg

File:Salford Museum, Gtr Manchester (150680) (9454370102).jpg

Salford Museum and Art Gallery is situated in Peel Park. Opened in 1850, the institution is devoted to the history of Salford and Victorian art and architecture. The Salford collection includes works by artists such as Christian Ludwig Bokelmann, Charles Landseer and Thomas Henry Illidge, and ceramics from Pilkington's Lancastrian Pottery & Tiles.{{cite web|url=https://artuk.org/search/search/search/keyword:salford-museum-art-gallery|title=More about Salford Museum & Art Gallery|last=Anon|publisher=Art UK|access-date=3 May 2015}}{{cite web |title=Collections |url=https://salfordmuseum.com/explore/collections/ |website=Salford Museum & Art Gallery |access-date=18 January 2024 |language=en}} Its extensive collection of artworks by the Salford-born painter L. S. Lowry was transferred to The Lowry in 2000. The museum also contains an indoor re-creation of a typical Victorian street, Lark Hill Place, which was built in 1957 using shop fronts that had been saved from demolition.{{cite web |title=Lark Hill Place |url=https://salfordmuseum.com/explore/lark-hill-place/ |website=Salford Museum & Art Gallery |access-date=18 January 2024 |language=en}}

File:The Lowry (8020515819).jpg

File:Lowry-gallery-interior-4.jpg

At the southern edge of Salford lies The Lowry arts centre, on the waterfront of Salford Quays. Opened in 2000, it is named after the artist and houses the city's collection of Lowry artworks. Notable paintings on display there include Going to the Match (1953) and Industrial Landscape (1953).{{cite web |title=About LS Lowry |url=https://thelowry.com/about-us/ls-lowry/his-work/ |website=thelowry.com |publisher=The Lowry |access-date=18 January 2024}} The building also contains two theatres and a drama studio, hosting drama, concerts, opera and dance events.{{cite web |title=Theatre, Exhibitions & Events {{!}} About Us |url=https://thelowry.com/about-us/ |website=thelowry.com |publisher=The Lowry |access-date=18 January 2024}}

File:Salford Cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 3886788.jpg

As of September 2003, the City of Salford has 6 Grade I, 14 Grade II*, and 253 Grade II listed buildings.{{cite web|title=Index to the List of Buildings, Structures and Features of Architectural, Archaeological or Historic Interest in Salford. |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/planning/heritage-and-conservation/listedbuilding/listed-building-register.htm |publisher=salford.gov.uk |author=Salford City Council |date=1 September 2003 |access-date=22 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004172815/http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/planning/heritage-and-conservation/listedbuilding/listed-building-register.htm |archive-date=4 October 2008 }} The city has the equal second highest number of Grade I listed buildings out of the districts of Greater Manchester, behind Manchester. The Grade I listed buildings are the Church of St Augustine, the Parish Church of St Mary the Virgin, St Mark's Church, Ordsall Hall, Wardley Hall, and a bridge over the River Irwell. Salford Cathedral, built in 1845, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford and a Grade II* listed building.{{NHLE |num=1386115 |desc=Cathedral of St John, Salford |access-date=24 February 2008}} Most of Salford's tallest buildings are mid-20th century residential tower blocks or 21st century high rise apartments. A study by Christopher Collier of the University of Salford suggested that Manchester's drizzly climate is largely due to the multitude of high-rise blocks in Salford.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/sep/13/rebeccaallison|title=Manchester rain blamed on Salford high-rise flats|access-date=23 February 2008|last=Allison|first=Rebecca|location=London|date=13 September 2002|work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415234236/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/sep/13/rebeccaallison|archive-date=15 April 2014|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2255335.stm|title=Tower blocks 'make Manchester rainy'|date=13 September 2002|access-date=26 February 2008|work=BBC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040728220701/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2255335.stm|archive-date=28 July 2004|url-status=live}} Collier has proposed that they have a "dramatic influence on the region's weather patterns", and may contribute to the 8 °C (14 °F) temperature difference between Salford and its surrounding countryside.

There are three Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the city. The oldest is an Iron Age promontory fort occupied from 500 BC–200 AD.{{PastScape|mnumber=76682 |access-date=2 May 2008}} Also scheduled is Hanging Bridge on the border with Manchester, dating to the 14th century,{{PastScape|mnumber=76682 |mname=Hanging Bridge over Hanging Ditch|access-date=30 December 2007}} and an underground section of the Bridgewater Canal in Swinton built in 1759.{{PastScape|mnumber=44278 |mname=Underground section of the Bridgewater Canal|access-date=30 December 2007}}

File:The Peninsula Stadium - Salford City.jpg stadium, Peninsula Stadium on Moor Lane, Salford. The spire of the cathedral is partly visible. ]]

Salford is home to a number of past and present rugby league teams. Founded in 1873, Salford Red Devils play in the Super League at the AJ Bell Stadium, in Barton, Salford.{{cite web|url=http://www.reds.co.uk/history.html |author=Graham Morris |title=Salford Red Devils – A Brief History |publisher=reds.co.uk |year=2006 |access-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080312134735/http://www.reds.co.uk/history.html |archive-date=12 March 2008 |url-status=dead }} They are 6 times Champions and they won the Challenge Cup in 1938,{{cite web |url=http://www.napit.co.uk/viewus/infobank/rugby/superleague/challengecup.php |title=The Rugby League Challenge Cup fixtures history and club information |publisher=reds.co.uk |date=19 October 2007 |access-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080320051104/http://www.napit.co.uk/viewus/infobank/rugby/superleague/challengecup.php |archive-date=20 March 2008 |url-status=live }} and have experienced two previous stretches in the Super League, 1997–2002 and 2004–2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.reds.co.uk/history3.html |author=Graham Morris |title=Salford Red Devils – A Brief History (page 3) |publisher=reds.co.uk |year=2006 |access-date=3 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306120140/http://www.reds.co.uk/history3.html |archive-date=6 March 2007 }}{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/02/13/salford_reds_team.shtml |title=Salford Red Devils |work=BBC Online |date=8 September 2006 |access-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111145205/http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2006/02/13/salford_reds_team.shtml |archive-date=11 November 2012 |url-status=live }} In 2008 they won the Northern Rail Cup beating Doncaster 60–0 in the Final at Blackpool. They previously won the same trophy in 2003. They also won the National League 1 Grand Final in 2008, beating Celtic Crusaders after extra time in Warrington.{{cite web|url=http://archive.thisischeshire.co.uk/2006/2/7/264999.html |title=Northern Rail Cup |publisher=thisischeshire.co.uk |date=7 February 2006 |access-date=3 April 2008 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} Construction on a new 20,000 seat £35 million pound stadium was complete in 2012. Now named the AJ Bell stadium it is home to Salford Red Devils and Sale Sharks rugby union team.{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_league/super_league/salford/6184407.stm |title=Salford's new home |date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2008 |work=BBC Sport |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070128004524/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_league/super_league/salford/6184407.stm |archive-date=28 January 2007 |url-status=live }}{{cite news|url=http://menmedia.co.uk/salfordadvertiser/news/s/528505_stadium_delay_a_threat_to_reds_future_ |last=Howard |first=Tony |title=Stadium delay a threat to Reds future |publisher=M.E.N. Media |date=31 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2008 |work=Salford Advertiser |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902081149/http://menmedia.co.uk/salfordadvertiser/news/s/528505_stadium_delay_a_threat_to_reds_future_ |archive-date=2 September 2012 }}

Swinton Lions were founded in 1866 and play in the Championship at heywood road sale.{{cite web|url=http://www.swintonlionsrlc.co.uk |author=Tony Howard |title=Swinton Lions: a brief history |publisher=swintonlionsrlc.co.uk |access-date=3 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325040003/http://www.swintonlionsrlc.co.uk/ |archive-date=25 March 2008 }} They won the Rugby Football League Championship six times between 1927 and 1964, before it was superseded by Super League. They have also won the Challenge Cup three times between 1900 and 1928.

Broughton Rangers were founded in 1877 and won the Rugby League Challenge Cup in the 1901–02 and 1910–11 seasons. The club folded in 1955, but were reformed as a local amateur club in 2007 with the support of Salford Red Devils.{{cite news|url=http://menmedia.co.uk/salfordadvertiser/news/s/529689_rangers_to_be_brought_back_after_50_years_in_wilderness |last=Howard |first=Tony |title=Rangers to be Brought back after 50 years in wilderness |publisher=M.E.N. Media |date=28 June 2007 |access-date=3 April 2008 |work=Salford Advertiser |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902081204/http://menmedia.co.uk/salfordadvertiser/news/s/529689_rangers_to_be_brought_back_after_50_years_in_wilderness |archive-date=2 September 2012 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.reds.co.uk/newsroom/news297_191007.html |title=All Golds' star hits Broughton |publisher=reds.co.uk |date=19 October 2007 |access-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203091416/http://www.reds.co.uk/newsroom/news297_191007.html |archive-date=3 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}

At amateur level, the city is represented in rugby league by the Langworthy Reds. They are the oldest amateur rugby league club in Salford.

Also in Salford are several football and cricket teams. Irlam F.C. is an amateur football team that has played in the Manchester Football League since 1989.{{cite web |url=https://www.fchd.info/MITCHELS.HTM |title=Mitchell Shackleton |publisher=fchd.info |access-date=3 April 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080316134627/http://www.fchd.info/MITCHELS.HTM |archive-date = 16 March 2008|url-status=live}} They were founded in 1969 as Mitchell Shackleton Football Club and changed their name in 2006.{{cite web |url=https://www.fchd.info/MITCHELS.HTM |title=Irlam Mitchell Shackleton |publisher=fchd.info |access-date=3 April 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080316134627/http://www.fchd.info/MITCHELS.HTM |archive-date = 16 March 2008|url-status=live}} Salford City F.C. was founded in 1940 and play in the Football League Two.{{cite web |url=http://www.salfordcityfc.com/details.html |title=Salford City Football Club |publisher=salfordcityfc.com |access-date=3 April 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080529161106/http://www.salfordcityfc.com/details.html |archive-date = 29 May 2008|url-status=dead}} Monton & Weaste C.C. and Clifton C.C. have played in the Central Lancashire Cricket League since 2005 and 2006 respectively. Walkden play in the Bolton Cricket League.{{Cite web|title=The Bolton Cricket League Website |url=http://www.boltoncricket.co.uk/ |access-date=27 September 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217150504/http://www.boltoncricket.co.uk/ |archive-date=17 December 2008 }} Little Hulton play in the Bolton and District Cricket Association.{{Cite web|title=The Bolton & District Cricket Association Website |url=http://boltondca.play-cricket.com/home/home.asp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708163359/http://boltondca.play-cricket.com/home/home.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 July 2012 |access-date=27 September 2008 }} Winton and Worsley play in the Manchester and District Cricket Association.{{Cite web|title=Manchester and District Cricket Association Website|url=http://www.themdca.co.uk/|access-date=27 September 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807172230/http://www.themdca.co.uk/|archive-date=7 August 2008}}

{{See also|List of schools in City of Salford}}

File:Peel building salford university.jpg is one of four universities in Greater Manchester and has approximately 19,000 students.]]

Overall, Salford was ranked 75th out of all the Local Education Authorities (LEAs) – and seventh in Greater Manchester – in National Curriculum assessment performance in 2007.{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7130024.stm |title=How different areas performed |date=6 December 2007 |access-date=23 January 2008 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090130062541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7130024.stm |archive-date=30 January 2009 |url-status=live }} Unauthorised absences and authorised absences from Salford secondary schools in 2006–07 were 2.0% and 7.0% respectively, both higher than the national average (1.4% and 6.4%).{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/education/07/school_tables/secondary_schools/html/355_6011.stm |title=Salford schools |work=BBC Online |date=10 January 2008 |access-date=23 January 2008}} In 2007, the Salford LEA was ranked 127th out of 149 in the country – and ninth in Greater Manchester – based on the percentage of pupils attaining at least 5 A*–C grades at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) including maths and English (37.8% compared with the national average of 46.7%).{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7180228.stm |title=How different areas performed |date=10 January 2008 |access-date=23 January 2008 |work=BBC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223235525/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7180228.stm |archive-date=23 December 2008 |url-status=live }} In 2007, Beis Yaakov High School was the most successful school in Salford at GCSE, with 90% of the pupils gaining five or more GCSEs at A*–C grade including maths and English. Bridgewater School was the most successful at A–level.{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/education/07/school_tables/secondary_schools/html/355_gcse_lea.stm |title=Secondary schools in Salford: GCSE-level |date=10 January 2008 |access-date=23 December 2008|work=BBC News}}

The University of Salford is one of four universities in Greater Manchester and was ranked 81st by The Times. It has over 19,000 students{{cite web| last =Anon| title =Controlling access to university IT resources| work =Customer Snapshot: Education University of Salford| publisher =Sun Microsystems Inc.| url =http://www.sun.com/customers/software/salford.xml| format =http| access-date =14 June 2008| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080513142411/http://www.sun.com/customers/software/salford.xml| archive-date =13 May 2008| url-status =live}} and a 69.7% level of student satisfaction. In 2007, the university received nearly 17,000 applications for 3,660 places.{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/sunday_times_university_guide/article2505569.ece |title=University of Salford |newspaper=The Times |date=21 September 2007 |access-date=28 December 2007 |location=London |first=David |last=Robertson |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906134523/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/sunday_times_university_guide/article2505569.ece |archive-date=6 September 2008 |url-status=dead }} The university is undergoing £150M of redevelopment through investment in new facilities, including a £10M law school and a £22M building for health and social care which were opened in 2006. In 2007, the drop out rate from the university was 25%. Of the students graduating, 50% gained first class or 2:1 degrees, which is below the national average of about 55%.{{cite web|url=http://www.hesa.ac.uk/dox/dataTables/studentsAndQualifiers/download/quals0506.xls |format=XLS |title=Table 14 – HE qualifications obtained in the UK by level, mode of study, domicile, gender, class of first degree and subject area(#1) 2005/06 |publisher=hesa.acuk |date=21 September 2007 |access-date=8 March 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071216060925/http://www.hesa.ac.uk/dox/dataTables/studentsAndQualifiers/download/quals0506.xls |archive-date=16 December 2007 }}

File:Salford central railway station.jpg

The city of Salford is served by nine railway stations on four routes. Eccles and Patricroft are on the northern route of the Liverpool to Manchester Line, while Irlam, in the southwest of the borough, is on the southern route. Clifton is on the line to Bolton and Preston; Swinton, Moorside and Walkden are on the Manchester to Southport Line via Wigan; and Salford Central and Salford Crescent are served by both routes. A station at Pendleton was closed in 1998 after suffering fire damage and a loss of patronage in favour of nearby Salford Crescent, opened a few years earlier.{{cite web|url=http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/ConWebDoc.5546 |title=Regulator allows closure of Pendleton station |date=15 December 1998 |access-date=26 April 2008 |publisher=Office of Rail Regulation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930224027/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/ConWebDoc.5546 |archive-date=30 September 2007 }} All train services are provided by Northern,{{cite web|title=Northern Rail Network Map|publisher=FWT|date=22 March 2007|url=http://www.northernrail.org/pdfs/network_map/network_map.pdf|access-date=26 April 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410093323/http://www.northernrail.org/pdfs/network_map/network_map.pdf|archive-date=10 April 2008}} though First transpennine offer occasional services during peak hours.

File:Eccles Tram Station - geograph.org.uk - 1801441.jpg ]]

The Eccles line of the Manchester Metrolink runs through the City of Salford, with stations at Exchange Quay, Salford Quays, Anchorage, Harbour City, Broadway, Langworthy, Weaste, Ladywell and Eccles. The line was opened in two stages, in 1999 and 2000, as Phase 2 of the system's development.{{cite web|title=History |publisher=metrolink.co.uk |author=Metrolink |year=2004 |url=http://www.metrolink.co.uk/pdf/past_present_future.pdf |access-date=26 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325191627/http://www.metrolink.co.uk/pdf/past_present_future.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009 }} In 2010 a new tram stop was opened at MediaCityUK, a 1 stop spur off the main Eccles line. Trams operate from here to Etihad Campus, sharing most of the route with the Eccles to Ashton line. Some Eccles and Ashton bound services also stop here, especially during peak hours. These lines provide good access for Eccles and the Quays to the rest of Greater Manchester.

There are bus stations at Pendleton and Eccles. Buses run to destinations throughout the city, across Greater Manchester and further afield: Pendleton is served by a route to Preston,{{cite web|url=http://www.gmpte.com/destination/Pendleton.pdf|title=Destination Finder: Pendleton|date=28 January 2008|access-date=26 April 2008|publisher=www.gmpte.com|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080414223740/http://www.gmpte.com/destination/Pendleton.pdf |archive-date = 14 April 2008}} Eccles Interchange is next to the Metrolink stop.

The council is responsible for the administration and maintenance of public roads and footpaths in the city.{{cite web|title=Streets & traffic |publisher=Salford.gov.uk |author=Salford MBC |url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/streets.htm |access-date=7 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805141058/http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/streets.htm |archive-date=5 August 2012 }}

Since 2020, electric scooters have been available for public hire in central Salford, Salford Quays, Ordsall, Pendleton and at the University of Salford. The e-scooter hire service is operated by shared micromobility company Lime.{{Cite web |title=E-Scooter trial • Salford City Council |url=https://www.salford.gov.uk/parking-roads-and-travel/e-scooters/ |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=www.salford.gov.uk}}

• Jason Manford (born 1981), comedian and actor
• Mark E. Smith (1957-2018), leader of post-punk band The Fall
• Harry Williams (born 1929), footballer
• Tom Aspinall (born 1993), UFC fighter

The City of Salford has formal twinning arrangements with four European places and one in Canada.{{cite web

|title=Salford's twin towns

|author=Salford City Council

|publisher=Salford.gov.uk

|url=http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/yourcom/salfordlife/twintowns.htm

|access-date=4 May 2008 |url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217135452/http://www.salford.gov.uk/living/yourcom/salfordlife/twintowns.htm

|archive-date=17 December 2007 }} Each was originally twinned with a place within the city prior to its creation in 1974.

• Clermont-Ferrand, France (originally twinned with County Borough of Salford in 1966){{cite web|url=http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |title=British towns twinned with French towns |access-date=11 July 2013 |work=Archant Community Media Ltd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |archive-date=5 July 2013 }}
• Lünen, Germany (Municipal Borough of Swinton and Pendlebury, 1966)
• Narbonne, France (Municipal Borough of Eccles, 1957)
• Saint-Ouen, France (Worsley Urban District, 1961)

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the City of Salford.

{{Expand list|date=August 2019}}

• Benjamin Armitage: January 1899.
• Benn Wolfe Levy: January 1899.
• David Lloyd George: October 1922.
• Frederick Smith, 1st Baron Colwyn: July 1933.
• Edward Arthur Hardy: January 1960.
• L. S. Lowry: March 1965.
• Sir Peter Maxwell Davies: November 2004.
• Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela: 30 November 2005.
• Ryan Giggs: January 2010.
• Harold Riley: 15 November 2017.
• Mike Leigh: 24 July 2019.{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/jul/24/film-maker-mike-leigh-given-freedom-of-city-of-salford |title=Film-maker Mike Leigh given freedom of city of Salford | Film | the Guardian |website=TheGuardian.com |date=24 July 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808000626/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/jul/24/film-maker-mike-leigh-given-freedom-of-city-of-salford |archive-date=8 August 2019 |url-status=live |last1=Hammond |first1=Jade }}

• Ben Wallsworth: 30 October 2019.{{Cite web |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/freedom-of-salford-councillor-salford-17143093 |title=War hero whose vision led to the creation of Salford Quays to receive freedom of the city - Manchester Evening News |date=25 October 2019 |access-date=25 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025222536/https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/freedom-of-salford-councillor-salford-17143093 |archive-date=25 October 2019 |url-status=live }}

{{Cite web |url=https://www.salford.gov.uk/your-council/awards/freedom-of-the-city/ |title=Freedom of the city • Salford City Council |access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808000625/https://www.salford.gov.uk/your-council/awards/freedom-of-the-city/ |archive-date=8 August 2019 |url-status=live }}

• Alan Henning: 28 April 2023.{{Cite web |last=Keeling |first=Neal |date=2023-04-28 |title=Aid worker killed by Isis receives Salford's highest honour |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/murdered-aid-worker-alan-henning-26806255 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=Manchester Evening News |language=en}}{{cite web |title=Alan Henning: Murdered hostage given freedom of city honour |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-65430851 |website=BBC News Manchester |date=1 May 2023 |access-date=3 May 2023 |language=en}}
• John Cooper Clarke: 19 July 2023.{{cite web |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/john-cooper-clarke-salford-paul-mccartney-alex-turner-arctic-monkeys-b1095538.html |title='Bard of Salford' John Cooper Clarke awarded freedom of city |last=Hurst |first=Pat |date=19 July 2023 |website=The Evening Standard |access-date=20 July 2023 }}

Military units:

• The Lancashire Fusiliers: 18 October 1947.
• The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers: 26 April 1975.

{{Portal|Greater Manchester}}

• 2006 Salford Council election
• Salford local elections
• Mayor of Salford
• List of tallest buildings and structures in Salford
• List of Scheduled Monuments in Greater Manchester
• Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester
• Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester
• List of public art in Greater Manchester

{{Reflist|2}}

{{Refbegin}}

• {{cite journal |last=Birks |first=H.J.B |title=Late-glacial deposits at Bagmere, Cheshire, and Chat Moss, Lancashire |journal=New Phytologist |volume=64 |issue=2 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |year=1965 |issn=0028-646X |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.1965.tb05396.x |pages=270–281|doi-access=free }}
• {{cite book|title=Greater Manchester Votes: A Guide to the New Metropolitan Authorities|first=David M.|last=Clark|year=1973|publisher=Redrose}}
• {{cite book |first=Glynis |last=Cooper |title=Salford: An Illustrated History |publisher=The Breedon Books Publishing Company |year=2005 |isbn=1-85983-455-8}}
• {{cite book |first=Mike |last=Nevell |year=1997 |title=The Archaeology of Trafford |publisher=Trafford Metropolitan Borough Council with the University of Manchester Archaeological Unit |isbn=1-870695-25-9}}
• {{cite book |last=Owen |first=David |title=The Manchester Ship Canal |year=1983 |publisher=Manchester University Press |isbn=0-7190-0864-6}}
• {{cite journal |last=Pain |first=Stephanie |title=The Head from Worsley Moss |journal=New Scientist |issue=2414 |publisher=Reed Business Information Ltd |date=23 September 2003 |issn=0262-4079}}

{{Refend}}

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• [http://www.visitsalford.info www.visitsalford.info], Visit Salford

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