:E3 Series Shinkansen
{{short description|Japanese high speed train type}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox train
| name = E3 series
| image = Series-E3-1000 L53 Tsubasa.jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| caption = Reliveried E3-1000 series set L53 on a Tsubasa service, June 2022
| stocktype =
| service = {{start date and age|df=yes|1997|03|22}} – present
| manufacturer = Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Tokyu Car Corporation
| replaced = 400 series
| successor = E6 series, E8 series
| factory =
| family = Mini-shinkansen
| yearconstruction = 1995–2009
| yearservice =
| refurbishment =
| yearscrapped = 2013–
| numberconstruction =
| numberbuilt = 261 vehicles (41 sets)
| numberservice = 84 vehicles (12 sets) ({{as of|2024|03|lc=y}})
| numberpreserved =
| numberscrapped = 163 vehicles
| formation = 7 cars per trainset
6 cars per trainset (formerly, until 2022)
5 cars per trainset ( Akita Shinkansen only, until 1998)
| fleetnumbers = R1–R26, L51–L55, L61–L72
| capacity = 6-car R sets: 338 (23 Green + 315 Standard)
7-car L50 sets (E3-1000): 402 (23 Green + 379 Standard)
7-car L60 sets (E3-2000): 394 (23 Green + 371 Standard)
| operator = JR East
| depots = Akita, Yamagata
| lines = Akita Shinkansen, Tohoku Shinkansen, Yamagata Shinkansen, Joetsu Shinkansen
| carbody = Aluminium
| carlength = {{convert|20.05|to|23.07|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|2945|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
| height =
| floorheight =
| doors = 1 per side
| maxspeed = {{ubl|class=nowrap|
|Tohoku Shinkansen:
|{{convert|275|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
|Akita/Yamagata Shinkansen:
|{{convert|130|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
}}
| weight =
| acceleration = {{cvt|1.6|km/h/s}}
| deceleration =
| traction = GTO or IGBT-VVVF (6-car sets: 16 x 300 kW,
7-car sets: 20 x 300 kW)
| poweroutput = 6-car sets: {{convert|4.8|MW|hp|0|abbr=on}}
7-car sets: {{convert|6|MW|hp|0|abbr=on}}
| transmission =
| aux =
| hvac =
| powersupply =
| electricsystem = 20/25 kV AC, 50 Hz overhead catenary
| collectionmethod = Pantograph
| bogies =
| brakes =
| safety = ATC-2, DS-ATC, ATS-P
| coupling =
| multipleworking = 200 series, E2 series, E4 series, E5 series
| gauge = {{RailGauge|1435mm|allk=on}}
}}
The {{Nihongo|E3 series|E3系}} is a Japanese Shinkansen high-speed train type built for Komachi services which commenced on 3 June 1997, coinciding with the opening of the new Akita Shinkansen "mini-shinkansen" line, a regular {{RailGauge|1067mm}} narrow-gauge line between {{STN|Morioka|x}} and {{STN|Akita|x}} re-gauged to {{RailGauge|sg|al=on}}. Later versions of the E3 series were also introduced for use on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services. Both "mini-shinkansen" lines join the Tohoku Shinkansen, providing services to and from Tokyo.
Design
This shinkansen design was originally the Akita Shinkansen E3 series trains was overseen by industrial designer Kenji Ekuan.{{cite web |url=http://www.gk-design.co.jp/en/works.html |title=The Works of GK Design Group |publisher=GK Design Group Inc. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217222247/http://www.gk-design.co.jp/en/works.html |archive-date=17 February 2015 |access-date=10 February 2015 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }} Like the 400 Series Shinkansen, these trains are built to a smaller loading gauge than mainline Shinkansen trains—the width and length of each car is reduced to fit on the narrower clearances of the "mini-shinkansen". Doorway steps fold out to bridge the gap between the narrow body and the platform at regular shinkansen stations.
File:E3kei_step.JPG|An extended doorway step on an E3 series Komachi set
Variants
- E3 series "R" sets: 26 x 6-car (R1-16 5-cars at first) sets used on Akita Shinkansen Komachi services from 3 June 1997 following the opening of the Akita Shinkansen. Retired on 14 March 2014 following the Akita Shinkansen timetable revision and last runs.
- E3-1000 series "LR" sets: 3 x 7-car sets used on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services since 4 December 1999 following the extension to Shinjo. 2 sets (L51 and 52) retired in 2014 following the E3 Tsubasa relivering, while 2 new sets (L54 and 55, converted from E3-0 series sets (R23 to 26) added to replace them.
- E3-2000 series "LR" sets: 12 x 7-car sets used on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services since 20 December 2008. All sets reliveried from 2014-2016.
- E3-700 series Toreiyu: 6-car excursion trainset used on Yamagata Shinkansen from July 2014 to March 2022.
- E3-700 series Genbi Shinkansen: 6-car excursion trainset used on Joetsu Shinkansen from 29 April 2016 to December 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://tetsudo-shimbun.com/headline/entry-2823.html|title = 現美新幹線、2020年12月ラストランへ | 鉄道ニュース}}
Pre-series set
A pre-series 5-car set, numbered S8, was delivered from Kawasaki Heavy Industries to Sendai Depot in March 1995 for extensive testing. It was modified to full-production specifications in March 1997 ahead of the start of Akita Shinkansen services.{{cite book |script-title=ja: 新幹線電車データブック2011 |trans-title=Shinkansen Databook 2011| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = March 2011| location = Japan| isbn = 978-4-330-19811-8}}
Until it was augmented to six cars in 1998, the pre-series was formed as follows, with scissors-type pantographs on cars 12, 13, and 14. Set R1 was withdrawn following its final revenue run on 20 July 2013.{{cite journal| script-title=ja: JR東日本E3系R1編成引退|trans-title=JR East E3 series set R1 retired| journal = The Railway Pictorial| volume = 63| issue = 880| page =92| publisher = Denkisha Kenkyūkai| location = Japan |language= ja| date = October 2013}}
| class="wikitable" |
| Car No.
! style="background: #E6FFE6"| 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 |
|---|
| Designation
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| M1sc | M2 | T | M1 | M2c |
| Numbering
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| E311-1 | E326-1 | E329-1 | E325-1 | E322-1 |
File:E3 R1-E5 Coupling in omiya 20130320.jpg|Pre-series set R1 in service, March 2013
E3 series "R" sets
File:E3 R18-E5 Coupling in omiya 20130608.jpg
File:E3 series Shinkansen in Tokyo Station.jpg
The full-production trainsets built from 1996 for the Akita Shinkansen were 5-car sets, but sixth cars were added by the end of 1998. A total of 26 Akita Shinkansen sets were in service by the end of 2005. Sets R1 to R16 were leased by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) from the owning company, {{Nihongo|Akita Shinkansen Sharyō Hoyū|秋田新幹線車両保有(株)|}}, a third-sector company jointly owned by JR East and Akita Prefecture. This lease ended on 21 March 2010 with the dissolution of Akita Shinkansen Sharyō Hoyū.{{Cite news| script-title = ja:県に出資金１１５億円返還へ 秋田新幹線車両保有会社| newspaper = Akita Sakigake Shimpo| location = Japan| language = ja| date = 22 January 2010| url = http://www.sakigake.jp/p/akita/news.jsp?kc=20100122d| access-date = 4 February 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717090110/http://www.sakigake.jp/p/akita/news.jsp?kc=20100122d| archive-date = 17 July 2011| df = dmy-all}}
The E3 series sets were phased out following the introduction of new E6 series sets from March 2013, with 19 sets (114 vehicles) scheduled to be withdrawn during fiscal 2013.{{cite web |url= http://www.e-nru.com/079tihonsyoku/083sendai/danketu/sensou422.pdf|script-title=ja:2013年度総合車両センター関係業務改善が提案される|trans-title=Work Improvements Proposed for General Rolling Stock Center in Fiscal 2013|date= 27 January 2013|work= Danketsu|publisher= National Railway Workers' Union|location=Japan|language= ja|access-date= 11 February 2013}} From the start of the 15 March 2014 timetable revision, E3 series trainsets were no longer used on Akita Shinkansen Komachi services.{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:3月15日ダイヤ改正と各地の話題|trans-title=15 March timetable revision and topics from around the regions|magazine=Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine |volume = 43|issue = 361|page =13|publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun |location = Japan |language= ja|date = May 2014}} Two sets (R21 and 22) remained in service until 2021, before then they were used on Yamabiko and Nasuno services coupled to the E5/H5 series.
=Formation=
| class="wikitable" |
| Car No.
! style="background: #E6FFE6"| 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 ! 16 |
|---|
| Designation
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| M1sc | M2 | T1 | T2 | M1 | M2c |
| Numbering
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| E311 | E326 | E329 | E328 | E325 | E322 |
| Seating capacity
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| 23 | 67 | 60 | 68 | 64 | 56 |
Cars 12 and 15 were equipped with PS206 single-arm pantographs.
=Fleet history=
File:E3 R20 Omiya 20030309.JPG
File:EF6557 E3 series R24 Niiza 20050320.jpg
File:EF65-502 E3 R25 Nishi-Kokubunji 20050625.JPG through Nishi-Kokubunji Station on delivery in June 2005]]
The build details are as shown below.{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2013夏 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 2013| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = May 2013| location = Japan| page = 20| isbn = 978-4-330-37313-3}} {{As of|2021|11|25}}, the last of the original 26 sets (R22) was scrapped.{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1286527200 |title= |date=2021 |publisher=Kotsu Shimbunsha |isbn=978-4-330-06521-2 |location=Tōkyō |language=ja |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2022冬 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Winter 2022 |oclc=1286527200}}
| class="wikitable" |
| Set No.
! Date delivered ! Car 14 build date ! Date withdrawn ! Remarks |
|---|
| R1
| 28 March 1995 | 29 October 1998 | 26 August 2013 | Pre-series set S8 (originally 5 cars with 3 pantographs) |
| R2
| 9 October 1996 | 1 November 1998 | rowspan="15"| Built as 5-car sets |
| R3
| 14 October 1996 | 4 November 1998 |
| R4
| 22 October 1996 | 6 November 1998 |
| R5
| 28 October 1996 | 9 November 1998 | 26 April 2013 |
| R6
| 6 November 1996 | 12 November 1998 | 12 April 2013 |
| R7
| 11 November 1996 | 22 November 1998 | 17 May 2013 |
| R8
| 15 November 1996 | 24 November 1998 | 24 May 2013 |
| R9
| 22 November 1996 | 26 November 1998 | 7 June 2013 |
| R10
| 2 December 1996 | 28 November 1998 | 27 August 2013 |
| R11
| 12 December 1996 | 30 October 1998 | 13 September 2013 |
| R12
| 21 December 1996 | 17 November 1998 |
| R13
| 20 January 1997 | 5 December 1998 |
| R14
| 30 January 1997 | 14 November 1998 |
| R15
| 7 February 1997 | 16 November 1998 |
| R16
| 17 February 1997 | 19 November 1998 |
| R17
| 30 September 1998 | rowspan="10"| n/a | 26 July 2013 | |
| R18
| 23 October 2002 | 6 March 2022 |
| R19
| 18 November 2002 | 1 March 2021 | Converted 2016 to E3-700 series Genbi Shinkansen{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:E3系改造"GENBI SHINKANSEN"を報道公開 |trans-title=Rebuilt E3 series "Genbi Shinkansen" shown off to the press|magazine = Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine |volume = 45|issue = 383 |page = 4 |publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun |location = Japan |language= ja |date = March 2016}} |
| R20
| 24 March 2003 | |
| R21
| 16 September 2003 | 13 September 2021 | |
| R22
| 27 October 2003 | 25 November 2021 | |
| R23
| 1 December 2003 | 25 May 2014 | Converted 2014 to become Set L55 |
| R24
| 4 April 2005 | 4 December 2013{{refn|group=Note|Cars 11 and 14-16}} | Converted 2014 to become Set L54 |
| R25
| 11 July 2005 | 18 December 2013{{refn|group=Note|Car 14}} | Converted 2014 to become Set L54 |
| R26
| 25 July 2005 | 6 July 2014 | Converted 2014 to become Set L55 |
==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="Note"}}
=Interior=
File:E3 Green car 20070101.JPG|Green car interior
File:JReastE3 E326-26 inside.jpg|Interior of standard-class car 12
File:JReastE3 E322-17 inside.JPG|Interior of standard-class car 16
E3-1000 series
File:JReastE3-1000 Omiya 20110416.jpg
File:E3-1000 L52 Max Yamabiko Tsubasa 115 Omiya 20060705.JPG
Three 7-car E3-1000 sets (numbered L51 – L53) were built between 1999 and 2005 for use on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services from 4 December 1999 to augment the 400 series fleet following with the extension of the line to Shinjo.{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2013冬 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Winter 2013| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = November 2012| location = Japan| page = 24| isbn = 978-4-330-33112-6}} From 2014, a further two sets (L54 and L55) were introduced, reformed from withdrawn Akita Shinkansen E3-0 series "R" sets, to replace the two older sets L51 and L52.{{cite magazine|script-title=ja: E3系 山形新幹線転用車両|trans-title=E3 series trains reallocated to Yamagata Shinkansen|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 54|issue = 642 |pages=86–87 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language= ja |date = October 2014}}
With effect of the timetable revision implemented in March 2024, following the introduction of the E8 Series Shinkansen, all remaining E3-1000 series trains were withdrawn from regular service.{{cite web |title=JR東日本、E3系1000番代が引退 - 座面シート使ったクッション発売 |url=https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20240325-2914163/ |website=news.mynavi.jp |publisher=Mynavi Corporation |access-date=21 April 2024 |location=Japan |language=Japanese |date=25 March 2024}}
=Formation=
The sets were formed as shown below, with five motored ("M") cars and two non-powered trailer ("T") cars, and car 11 at the Tokyo end.
| class="wikitable" |
| Car No.
! style="background: #E6FFE6"| 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 ! 16 ! 17 |
|---|
| Designation
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| M1sc | M2 | T1 | M2 | T2 | M1 | M2c |
| Numbering
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| E311-1000 | E326-1000 | E329-1000 | E326-1100 | E328-1000 | E325-1000 | E322-1000 |
| Seating capacity
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| 23 | 67 | 60 | 68 | 64 | 64 | 56 |
Cars 12 and 14 were equipped with PS206 single-arm pantographs.{{cite book |script-title=ja: JR電車編成表 2009夏 |trans-title=JR EMU Formations - Summer 2009| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = June 2009| location = Japan| isbn = 978-4-330-06909-8}}
=Interior=
File:JReastE3-1000 inside.jpg|Standard class car interior
=Fleet history=
File:E3-1000 L53 Zushi 20050712.JPG
The build details are as shown below.
| class="wikitable" |
| Set No.
! Manufacturer ! Date delivered ! Date reliveried ! Date withdrawn ! Remarks |
|---|
| L51
| 11 August 1999 | - | |
| L52
| 11 September 1999 | - | |
| L53
| Tokyu Car | 17 August 2005 | |
| L54
| Rebuilt from sets R24+R25 |
| L55
| J-TREC | Rebuilt from sets R23+R26 |
=L54/L55 conversion details=
File:E3-1000 L54 Tsubasa 144 Kita-Yamagata 20150307.jpg
The former identities of the cars reformed into sets L54 and L55 are as shown below.
| class="wikitable" | |||||
| Set No. | Car No. | Running No. | Former set No. | Former car No. | Former running No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rowspan=7| L54 | 11 | E311-1004 | rowspan="3" | R25 | 11 | E311-25 |
| 12 | E326-1004 | 12 | E326-25 | ||
| 13 | E329-1004 | 13 | E329-25 | ||
| 14 | E326-1104 | rowspan="2" | R24 | 12 | E326-24 | |
| 15 | E328-1004 | 13 | E329-24 | ||
| 16 | E325-1004 | rowspan="2" | R25 | 15 | E325-25 | |
| 17 | E322-1004 | 16 | E322-25 | ||
| rowspan=7| L55 | 11 | E311-1005 | rowspan="3" | R26 | 11 | E311-25 |
| 12 | E326-1005 | 12 | E326-25 | ||
| 13 | E329-1005 | 13 | E329-26 | ||
| 14 | E326-1105 | rowspan="2" | R23 | 12 | E326-23 | |
| 15 | E328-1005 | 13 | E329-23 | ||
| 16 | E325-1005 | rowspan="2" | R26 | 15 | E325-26 | |
| 17 | E322-1005 | 16 | E322-26 |
{{Clear}}
E3-2000 series
File:E3-2000 L67 Akayu Tsubasa 128 20150905.jpg
File:E3-2000-L67-of-Yamagata-Shinkansen.jpg
The first of a fleet of twelve new E3-2000 series 7-car sets entered service on Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services on 20 December 2008.[http://news.nifty.com/cs/headline/detail/kyodo-2008122001000224/1.htm "山形新幹線に新型車両" (New Trains for Yamagata Shinkansen). (20 December 2008)] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120713202317/http://news.nifty.com/cs/headline/detail/kyodo-2008122001000224/1.htm |date=13 July 2012 }}. Retrieved on 20 December 2008. {{in lang|ja}} The new fleet totally replaced the older 400 series trains by summer 2009. The new trains incorporate design improvements, including active suspension, full-color LED destination indicators, and AC power outlets in all cars.{{cite press release| url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2007_1/20070705.pdf| script-title=ja:山形新幹線「つばさ」用車両の新造について| language=ja| publisher=JR East| date=3 July 2007| access-date=10 August 2008}} Seating capacity in cars 16 and 17 has been reduced by 4 (one row of seats) compared with the E3-1000 series to provide uniform seating pitch in all cars (seat pitch was previously reduced in non-reserved cars).
=Formation=
| class="wikitable" |
| Car No.
! style="background: #E6FFE6"| 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 ! 16 ! 17 |
|---|
| Designation
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| M1sc | M2 | T1 | M2 | T2 | M1 | M2c |
| Numbering
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| E311-2000 | E326-2000 | E329-2000 | E326-2100 | E328-2000 | E325-2000 | E322-2000 |
| Seating capacity
| style="background: #F5FFF5"| 23 | 67 | 60 | 68 | 64 | 60 | 52 |
Cars 12 and 14 are equipped with PS206 single-arm pantographs.
File:E311-2009.jpg|E311-2009 (car 11)
File:E326-2009.jpg|E326-2009 (car 12)
File:E329-2009.jpg|E329-2009 (car 13)
File:E326-2109.jpg|E326-2109 (car 14)
File:E328-2000.jpg|E328-2009 (car 15)
File:E325-2000.jpg|E325-2009 (car 16)
File:E322-2000.jpg|E322-2009 (car 17)
=Fleet history=
{{As of|2016|10|01}}, the E3-2000 series fleet is as follows.
| class="wikitable" |
| Set No.
! Manufacturer ! Date delivered ! Date reliveried ! Date withdrawn |
|---|
| L61
| rowspan="6" | Kawasaki HI | 9 October 2008 | 6 July 2016 | 7 December 2024 |
| L62
| 9 December 2008 | Unknown date | |
| L63
| 7 January 2009 | 24 November 2015 | 17 December 2024 |
| L64
| 17 February 2009 | 25 April 2014 | 25 December 2024 |
| L65
| 3 March 2009 | 6 June 2014 (Returned to original livery on 11 February 2023) | |
| L66
| 25 March 2009 | 22 October 2014 |22 August 2024 |
| L67
| 28 March 2009 | 12 November 2014 | |
| L68
| rowspan="5" | Kawasaki HI | 14 April 2009 | 5 December 2014 | |
| L69
| 19 May 2009 | 23 February 2015 | |
| L70
| 30 June 2009 | 6 April 2016 | |
| L71
| 22 July 2009 | 24 April 2016 | |
| L72
| 25 March 2010 | 18 September 2015 | |
=Interior=
File:JReastE3-2000 inside.jpg|Standard class car interior
=Repainting=
== Current livery ==
File:E3 L64-E2 Coupling in omiya 20140517.jpg
From spring 2014, the entire fleet of 15 E3-1000 and E3-2000 series Tsubasa sets were gradually repainted into a new livery designed by industrial designer Ken Okuyama.{{cite web|url= http://www.kahoku.co.jp/news/2013/08/20130829t55020.htm|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130901034413/http://www.kahoku.co.jp/news/2013/08/20130829t55020.htm|url-status=dead |archive-date= 1 September 2013|script-title= ja:山形新幹線 「つばさ」塗装リニューアル|trans-title=Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa trains to be repainted|date= 29 August 2013|work= Kahoku Online Network|publisher= Kahoku Shimpo Publishing|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 30 August 2013|df= dmy-all}} The new livery consists of white, evoking the snow of Mount Zaō, deep purple inspired by the Mandarin duck, the prefectural bird for Yamagata Prefecture, together with yellow and red for the safflower, the prefectural flower of Yamagata Prefecture.{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2014/03/04/171500.html|title= 山形新幹線E3系のエクステリアデザインを変更|trans-title=Exterior design change for Yamagata Shinkansen E3 series|date= 4 March 2014|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 4 March 2014}} The first repainted set is appeared in late April. Three sets were repainted by June 2014, and the rest of the fleet of 15 sets was repainted by mid 2016.
File:E3 Logo Tsubasa-Omiya 20140517.jpg|Apple and rice motif
File:E3 Logo Tsubasa omiya 20140517.jpg|Cherry and safflower motif
== Original livery (2023 revision) ==
On 11 February 2023, set L65 was repainted into the original silver and green livery used at the time of introduction to Tsubasa services last seen in 2016.{{Cite web |date=11 February 2023 |title=JR東日本E3系「つばさ」山形新幹線「懐かしのシルバーカラー」復刻 |trans-title=JR East E3 Series Yamagata Shinkansen "Nostalgic Silver Color" Repaint |url=https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20230211-2588952/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212064804/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20230211-2588952/ |archive-date=12 February 2023 |access-date=14 February 2023 |website=MyNavi Corporation |language=ja}} According to JR East, the repainting was done to promote the Yamagata Shinkansen.
E3-700 series ''Toreiyu'' excursion set
File:E3-700 R18 Akayu 9490M 20150905.jpg
This was a six-car set rebuilt from former Akita Shinkansen trainset R18 as an excursion train named {{Nihongo||とれいゆ|Toreiyu}} for use on the Yamagata Shinkansen between Fukushima and Shinjo, which entered service from July 2014.{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2014/03/04/173000.html|title= 山形エリアにE3系改造車「とれいゆ」を導入|trans-title=Rebuilt E3 series Toreiyu to be introduced in Yamagata area|date= 4 March 2014|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 4 March 2014}} The design work for the rebuilt train was overseen by industrial designer Ken Okuyama.{{cite web |url= http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2013/20140303.pdf|script-title=ja:山形新幹線に新たな魅力が誕生します！|trans-title=A new allure born on the Yamagata Shinkansen|date= 4 March 2014|work= News release|publisher= East Japan Railway Company|location= Japan|language= ja|access-date= 4 March 2014}} The six-car set had a total seating capacity of 143 passengers. Car 11 was a standard-class car with reserved seating arranged 2+2 abreast, cars 12 to 14 featured Japanese-style tatami seating, car 15 was a lounge car with a bar counter, and car 16 was ashiyu foot baths. The name of the train is a portmanteau of the English word "train" and the French word "soleil" (sun). The train was normally used on special Toreiyu Tsubasa services running at weekends. The train was discontinued in March 2022.{{Cite web |title=JR News: Footbath bullet train Toreiyu Tsubasa to retire in March 2022 |url=https://jrtimes.sg/toreiyu-retirement |access-date=2022-07-31 |website=JR Times |language=ja}}
=Formation=
The Toreiyu set was based at Yamagata Depot and formed as shown below, with car 11 at the Fukushima end.{{cite magazine|last = Shiraishi|first = Hiroyuki|script-title=ja:平成26年3月15日ダイヤ改正にともなうＪＲ東日本車両の動き|trans-title=JR East fleet changes following 15 March 2014 timetable revision|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 54|issue = 640 |page =73 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language= ja |date = August 2014}}
| class="wikitable" |
| Car No.
! 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 ! 16 |
|---|
| Designation
| M1c | M2 | T1 | T2 | M1 | M2c |
| Numbering
| E321-701 | E326-701 | E329-701 | E328-701 | E325-701 | E322-701 |
| Facilities
| 2+2 seating | colspan="3" | Japanese-style seating | Lounge + bar counter | Ashiyu foot baths |
File:E3-700 R18 Toreiyu car 11 20150307.JPG|Interior of car 11 with conventional seating
File:E3-700 R18 Toreiyu car 14 20150307.JPG|Interior of car 14 with Japanese-style tatami seating
File:E3-700 R18 Toreiyu car 15 20150307.JPG|The tatami lounge area in car 15
File:E3-700 R18 Toreiyu car 15 bar 20150307.JPG|The bar counter in car 15
File:E3-700 R18 Toreiyu car 16 entrance 20150307.JPG|The entrance to car 16
File:E3-700 R18 Toreiyu car 16 ashiyu 20150307.JPG|The ashiyu foot baths at the end of car 16
E3-700 series ''Genbi Shinkansen'' excursion set
File:E3-700 R19 Genbi Shinkansen 20160910.jpg
The {{Nihongo||現美新幹線|Genbi Shinkansen|"contemporary art shinkansen"}} was a six-car set rebuilt from former Akita Shinkansen trainset R19 at Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Kobe as an excursion train for use on the Joetsu Shinkansen between {{STN|Echigo-Yuzawa|x}} and {{STN|Niigata|x}}. The train began operations on 29 April 2016, mostly on weekends and holidays. It was withdrawn from service on 19 December 2020.{{Cite press release|url=https://www.jrniigata.co.jp/press/20200727gennbisinnkannsenn.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727090438/https://www.jrniigata.co.jp/press/20200727gennbisinnkannsenn.pdf|language=ja|title=世界最速の芸術鑑賞「現美新幹線」運行終了のお知らせ|publisher=East Japan Railway Company|date=2020-07-27|access-date=2020-07-27|archive-date=2020-07-27|trans-title=Notice of the end of operation of the world's fastest art appreciation "Genbi Shinkansen"}}
The exterior livery was designed by photographer Mika Ninagawa. The first car of the six car set featured the art of Nao Matsumoto; a golden yellow motif based on harvests, festivals and light was present in the car. Window shades displayed art using a special dye as the train passes through tunnels. The second car featured stainless steel mirrors on the walls, the work of Yusuke Komuta. They reflect the landscape outside the train. The third car featured a children's area and a cafe. The children's area featured blue and white representations of toy trains by Art Unit Paramodel. The cafe section of the car was designed by Kentaro Kobuke and served sweet items featuring local products. The fourth car featured an alpine photography exhibition by Naoki Ishikawa. The fifth car featured an abstract flower artpiece by Haruka Koujin that vibrated with the motion of the train. The final car featured a short film by Brian Alfred, depicting the scenery of Niigata.{{cite AV media |date=3 August 2017 |title=Japan Railway Journal. Prepaid E-money Cards: The Smart Way to Travel in Japan |language=en |url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/vod/japanrailway/20170804/ |access-date=4 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805060304/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/vod/japanrailway/20170804/|archive-date=2017-08-05|time=22:40 |location=Japan |publisher=NHK World-Japan |url-status=dead |series=Japan Railway Journal}} The trainset was shown off to the media on 12 January 2016.
=Formation=
The Genbi Shinkansen set was based at Niigata Depot and formed as shown below, with car 11 at the Tokyo end.{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:E3系「GENBI SHINKANSEN」|trans-title=E3 series Genbi Shinkansen|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 56|issue = 661 |pages =72–73 |publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location = Japan |language= ja |date = May 2016}}
| class="wikitable" |
| Car No.
! 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 ! 16 |
|---|
| Designation
| M1c | M2 | T1 | T2 | M1 | M2c |
| Numbering
| E321-702 | E326-702 | E329-702 | E328-702 | E325-702 | E322-702 |
| Former number
| E311-19 | E326-19 | E329-19 | E328-19 | E325-19 | E322-19 |
| Facilities
| 2+2 seating | Art gallery space | Cafe + children's play area | colspan="3" | Art gallery space |
Cars 12 and 15 each had one single-arm pantograph.
File:Genbi Shinkansen car 11 interior 20180106.jpg|The interior of reserved-seating car 11 in January 2018
File:Genbi-car No.12.jpg|The interior of car 12 in January 2018 (mirror installation by Yusuke Komuta)
File:E3-700 Genbi Shinkansen car13 cafe.jpg|The cafeteria counter in Car 13 in June 2017
File:E3-700 Genbi Shinkansen car13 Children Playground.jpg|The children's play area in car 13 in June 2017
File:Genbi-interior.jpg|The interior of car 14 in January 2018 (photographs by Naoki Ishikawa)
See also
References
{{reflist|30em}}
External links
{{commons category|Shinkansen E3|E3 series}}
- [http://www.jreast.co.jp/train/shinkan/e3.html E3 Series Tsubasa/Yamabiko/Nasuno] {{in lang|ja}}
{{Shinkansen}}
{{High-speed rail}}
{{JR East EMU}}
Category:Shinkansen train series
Category:East Japan Railway Company
Category:Kawasaki multiple units
Category:Tokyu Car multiple units
Category:Train-related introductions in 1997
Category:Passenger trains running at least at 250 km/h in commercial operations