:East Finchley tube station

{{infobox London station|symbol=underground

| name = East Finchley

| image_name =East Finchley Station (2) 01.jpg

| manager = London Underground

| fare_zone = 3

| locale = Finchley

| borough = London Borough of Barnet

| original = Edgware, Highgate and London Railway

| pregroup = Great Northern Railway

| postgroup = London and North Eastern Railway

| years1=22 August 1867

| years2=3 July 1939

| years3=2 March 1941

| years4=1 October 1962

| events1=Opened (GNR)

| events2=Started (Northern line)

| events3=Ended (LNER)

| events4=Goods yard closed

| platforms= 4

| listing_grade = II

| listing_start = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1987|7|22}}

| listing_entry = 1359150

| listing_reference = {{National Heritage List for England |num=1359150 |desc=East Finchley Station Including Platforms |access-date=3 April 2015}}

| access =

| access_note =

| coordinates = {{coord|51|35|14|N|0|09|54|W|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title|format=dec}}

|caption=East Finchley station, designed by Charles Holden

}}

East Finchley is a London Underground station in East Finchley in the London Borough of Barnet, North London, England. It is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line, between Finchley Central and Highgate stations. It is located in Travelcard Zone 3.

The station was opened on 22 August 1867, on the Great Northern Railway's line between Finsbury Park and Edgware stations. As part of London Underground's only partially completed Northern Heights plan, the station was completely rebuilt with additional tracks in the late 1930s. Northern line trains started serving the station on 3 July 1939 and main line passenger services ended on 2 March 1941.

History

=Original station=

File:East Finchley station on OS Map, 1873.png

East Finchley station was built by the Edgware, Highgate and London Railway (EH&LR) on its line from Finsbury Park station to Edgware station. Before the line was opened, it was purchased in July 1867 by the larger Great Northern Railway (GNR),{{sfn|Beard|2002|p=6}} whose main line from King's Cross ran through Finsbury Park on its way to Potters Bar and the north. The station, originally named East End, Finchley, opened along with the railway to Edgware on 22 August that year.{{sfn|Butt|1995|p=96}}{{cite web |url=http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/northern.html#dates |title=Clive's Underground Line Guides – Northern Line |access-date=11 February 2015}} The station was given its current name either on 1 February 1887Forgotten Stations of Greater London by J.E.Connor and B.HalfordChronology of London Railways by H.V.Borley or, alternatively, in 1886.{{cite web |url=https://www.barnet.gov.uk/citizen-home/libraries/local-studies-and-archives/pocket-histories/finchley-friern-barnet-and-totteridge/high-road-finchley-n2.html |title=Pocket Histories: Finchley, Friern Barnet and Totteridge – High Road (Finchley N2) |publisher=London Borough of Barnet |access-date=17 October 2015 |archive-date=21 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121045226/https://www.barnet.gov.uk/citizen-home/libraries/local-studies-and-archives/pocket-histories/finchley-friern-barnet-and-totteridge/high-road-finchley-n2.html |url-status=dead }}{{#tag:ref|The original station name reflected the name of the local area. Residents requested the change to avoid confusion with the poor districts of the East End of London.|group="n"}} As a result of the Railways Act 1921, which created the "Big Four" railway companies, the GNR amalgamated with several other railways to create the London & North Eastern Railway (LNER) in 1923.{{sfn|Wolmar|2005|p=227}}

At the start of the 1930s, the station had around 54 trains daily from High Barnet and a few through trains from Edgware. Services ran to Finsbury Park and then either King's Cross, Moorgate or Broad Street.{{sfn|Horne|2009|p=41}}{{#tag:ref|Trains to Moorgate ran to King's Cross York Road then used the City Widened Lines. Trains to Broad Street ran via the Canonbury curve and the North London Railway.|group="n"}}

=Northern Heights project=

In 1935, the London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB) announced a proposal, which became known as the Northern Heights project. This was to take over the LNER lines from Finsbury Park to Edgware, High Barnet and Alexandra Palace, and link them to both the Northern line at East Finchley and to the Northern City line at Finsbury Park.{{#tag:ref|At Edgware, the LNER's station was to be closed with the end of the line diverted into the Northern line's own Edgware station with an extension from there taking the line to Bushey Heath.{{sfn|Beard|2002|p=59}}|group="n"}} The construction of the first phase of this project involved extending tube train services from the Northern line's existing terminus at Archway station, through a new section of paired tunnels under the LNER's Highgate station to emerge south-east of East Finchley station, where track connections to the LNER line were made.{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=116}}{{#tag:ref|At {{convert|17.25|miles|km}}, the tunnel from East Finchley to Morden was, at the time, the longest railway tunnel in the world when it was opened.{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=134}}|group="n"}}

File:East Finchley Station London 8287.JPG

For the introduction of London Underground services, the original station was completely demolished and rebuilt. The station was provided with two additional platforms, giving four in total. The platforms comprise two parallel islands with tracks on both sides. This was necessary as the intention of the Northern Heights project was that trains would be able to run south from East Finchley to Highgate via both the surface and the underground routes.{{sfn|Beard|2002|p=58}}{{#tag:ref|In 1938, services through East Finchley station were planned to run between Bushey Heath and Kennington (via tunnel to Highgate), High Barnet and Kennington (via tunnel to Highgate), East Finchley and Morden (via tunnel to Highgate) and High Barnet and Moorgate (via surface to Highgate).{{sfn|Beard|2002|pp=58–59}}|group="n"}} The inner pair of tracks served the surface route, whilst the outer pair serve the tunnel route.{{sfn|Brown|2013|p=13}}

Northern line trains first served the station on 3 July 1939.{{sfn|Rose|1999}} After completion of the electrification of the line to High Barnet, Underground services were extended northwards on 14 April 1940.{{sfn|Rose|1999}} The station continued to be served by LNER steam trains from Highgate until 2 March 1941 when that service was discontinued.{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=140}}{{#tag:ref|Smoke deflectors are cast into the concrete of the bridge structure over the inner pair of tracks to prevent smoke from the steam engines entering the windows of the offices above.{{sfn|Badsey-Ellis|2012|p=133}} The outer pair of tracks, which were only used by electric tube stock do not have deflectors above them.|group="n"}} The inner platforms are now used only by northbound trains entering service or southbound trains terminating at East Finchley on their way to or from Highgate Wood depot south of the station.{{#tag:ref|The outer pair of tracks enter tunnels a short distance to the south-east of the station. The inner pair of tracks run to Highgate Wood depot, but originally ran all the way to Highgate. Crossovers immediately north of the station connect between the two pairs of tracks.|group="n"}}

=Post-war=

After the war, plans to complete the Northern Heights project were reviewed but no work was carried out. Maintenance works and reconstruction of war damage on the existing network had the greatest call on London Underground funds. Funds for new works were severely limited and priority was given to the completion of the western and eastern extensions of the Central line to West Ruislip, Epping and Hainault.{{sfn|Bownes|Green|Mullins|2012|p=173}} Despite being shown as under construction on underground maps as late as 1950,{{#tag:ref|Shown as "under construction", the Northern Heights extensions appeared for the first time on Underground poster maps in 1937 and pocket maps in 1938.{{sfn|Beard|2002|pp=56–57}}{{cite web |url=http://www.eplates.info/maps/LU1938-1945.html |title=London Transport Underground Maps 1938–1945 |access-date=29 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924001524/http://www.eplates.info/maps/LU1938-1945.html |archive-date=24 September 2015}} After the opening of the tube platforms at Highgate and the extensions to High Barnet and Mill Hill East, the uncompleted remainder of the works were removed from the map between 1943 and 1945. The Mill Hill East to Edgware and Edgware to Bushey Heath sections appeared on the map again from 1946 to 1949 and the Finsbury Park to Alexandra Palace section appeared from 1946 to 1950.{{cite web |url=http://www.eplates.info/maps/LU1946-1947.html |title=London Transport Underground Maps 1946–1947 |access-date=29 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924001525/http://www.eplates.info/maps/LU1946-1947.html |archive-date=24 September 2015}}{{cite web |url=http://www.eplates.info/maps/LU1948-1956.html |title=London Transport Underground Maps 1948–1956 |access-date=29 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924001526/http://www.eplates.info/maps/LU1948-1956.html |archive-date=24 September 2015}}|group="n"}} work never restarted on the unimplemented parts of the Northern Heights project.{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=152}}{{#tag:ref|The section of the extension between Brockley Hill and Bushey Heath was cancelled in October 1950,{{sfn|Beard|2002|p=126}} leaving the section between Edgware and Brockley Hill and the conversion of the line from Mill Hill East to Edgware to be decided. The announcement of its cancellation was finally made in February 1954.{{sfn|Beard|2002|p=127}}|group="n"}}

British Railways (the successor to the LNER) freight trains continued to serve the station's goods yard until 1 October 1962, when it was closed.{{cite journal |url=http://www.lurs.org.uk/UN12%20DEC%201962.pdf |title=Underground: The Journal of the London Underground Railway Society |issue=12 |page=7 |date=December 1962 |access-date=28 November 2017 |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042104/http://www.lurs.org.uk/UN12%20DEC%201962.pdf |url-status=dead }}{{#tag:ref|Freight services continued on the High Barnet branch until 1962 and the Edgware branch until 1964.{{cite web |url=http://www.disused-stations.org.uk/h/highgate/ |title=Highgate Station |publisher=Disused stations |access-date=11 February 2015}}|group="n"}}

Description of the building

File:East Finchley Station (2) 06.jpg

The new station was constructed in an Art Deco/Streamline Moderne design by Charles Holden with L H Bucknell. Like Holden's other designs for London Underground in the 1930s, East Finchley station was inspired by European architecture (particularly Dutch) that Holden had seen on trips to the continent during that decade.{{sfn|Sutcliffe|2006|p=166}} The track here runs roughly north-west to south-east. The imposing station building, built on rising ground adjacent to the railway bridge over High Road (A1000), has three entrances. The two main entrances to the ticket hall are on the north side of the tracks facing High Road and the third, minor entrance, is on the south side.{{#tag:ref|The main glazed screen to the ticket hall on the north side features the Underground roundel. The LNER logo was originally contained in the lenticular pane above.|group="n"}} The entrances are linked by a passage under the tracks which provides access up to the platforms.{{PastScape |num=509294 |desc=East Finchley Station including platforms |access-date=8 October 2015}}

File:East Finchley Stn statue.JPG

A strong feature of the station is the semi-circular glazed stairways leading to the enclosed bridge over the tracks occupied by staff offices. Prominent from the platforms and dominating the main entrance façade is The Archer, a {{convert|10|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} statue by Eric Aumonier of a kneeling archer captured as if having just released an arrow.{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=131}}{{#tag:ref|The Archer, a local community newspaper, is named after Aumonier's statue and uses it as its masthead image.{{cite web|url=http://www.the-archer.co.uk/index.php|title=The Archer |access-date=26 September 2015}}|group="n"}} The archer is intended to commemorate Finchley's ancient association with hunting in the nearby Royal Forest of Enfield.{{cite web |url=http://www.20thcenturylondon.org.uk/server.php?show=conObject.1531 |title=Eric Aumonier, sculptor, putting the final touches to "The Archer" East Finchley Underground station |work=Exploring 20th Century London |publisher=London Museums Hub |access-date=27 September 2015 |archive-date=27 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327095234/http://www.20thcenturylondon.org.uk/server.php?show=conObject.1531 |url-status=dead }} The station is a Grade II listed building.

Services

East Finchley station is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line between Finchley Central to the north and Highgate to the south.{{cite map/Standard Tube Map}} Train frequencies vary throughout the day, but generally operate every 3–7 minutes between 05:40 and 01:01 northbound and 05:34 and 00:12 southbound (as of 2015).{{cite web |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/tube/timetable/northern?FromId=940GZZLUEFY&ToId=940GZZLUFYC&btnGo=Go&SelectedDate=mondaytofriday&SelectedTime=5 | title=Northern line timetable: From East Finchley Underground Station to | publisher= Transport for London |access-date=26 September 2015}}{{cite web |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/tube/timetable/northern?FromId=940GZZLUEFY&ToId=940GZZLUHGT&btnGo=Go&SelectedDate=mondaytofriday&SelectedTime=5 | title=Northern line timetable: From East Finchley Underground Station to Highgate Underground Station | publisher= Transport for London |access-date=26 September 2015}}

{{Adjacent stations|noclear=y

|header1=Current services

|system2=London Underground

|line2=Northern|type2=High Barnet|left2=Finchley Central|right2=Highgate

|header3=Former services

{{rail line|next=Highgate
Line and station closed |previous=Finchley Central
Line and station open |route=London and North Eastern Railway
Edgware, Highgate and London Railway |col={{LNER colour}} }}

|header5=Abandoned Northern Heights extension

|system6=London Underground

}}

Connections

London Buses routes 102, 143, 234, 263, 603 and H3 and night routes N20 and N263 serve the station.{{cite web |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/cdn/static/cms/documents/bus-route-maps/eastfinchley-a4-260714.pdf |title=Buses from East Finchley |publisher=Transport for London |date=July 2014 |access-date=27 September 2015 |archive-date=28 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928000711/https://tfl.gov.uk/cdn/static/cms/documents/bus-route-maps/eastfinchley-a4-260714.pdf |url-status=dead }}

Notes and references

=Notes=

=References=

=Bibliography=

{{cite book |last=Badsey-Ellis |first=Antony |title=Underground Heritage |publisher=Capital Transport |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-85414-360-0 }}
{{cite book |last=Beard |first=Tony |title=By Tube Beyond Edgware |publisher=Capital Transport |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-85414-246-7 }}
{{cite book |last1=Bownes |first1=David |last2=Green |first2=Oliver |last3=Mullins |first3=Sam |year=2012 |title=Underground: How the Tube Shaped London |publisher=Allen Lane |isbn=978-1-84614-462-2 }}
{{cite book |title=London Railway Atlas |last=Brown |first=Joe |publisher=Ian Allan Publishing |isbn=9780711037281 |edition = 3rd |year=2013 }}
{{cite book |last=Butt |first=R.V.J. |title=The Directory of Railway Stations |year=1995 |publisher=Patrick Stephens Ltd |isbn=1-85260-508-1 }}
{{cite book |last1=Day |first1=John R |last2=Reed |first2=John |orig-year=1963 |year=2010 |edition= 11th |title=The Story of London's Underground |publisher=Capital Transport |isbn=978-1-85414-341-9 }}
{{cite book |last=Horne |first=Mike |title=The Northern Line: An Illustrated History |orig-year=1990 |year=2009 |edition= 3rd |publisher=Capital Transport |isbn=978-1-85414-326-6 }}
{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |title=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |year=1999 |orig-year=1980 |edition= 7th |publisher=Douglas Rose/Capital Transport |isbn=978-1-85414-219-1}}
{{cite book |last=Sutcliffe |first=Anthony |url=https://archive.org/details/londonarchitectu0000sutc |url-access=registration |title=London: An Architectural History |year=2006 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-11006-7}}
{{cite book |last=Wolmar |first=Christian |author-link = Christian Wolmar |title = The Subterranean Railway: How the London Underground Was Built and How It Changed the City Forever |publisher = Atlantic Books |orig-year=2004 |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-84354-023-6}}

External links

{{Spoken Wikipedia|EN_East_Finchley_tube_station.ogg|date=2007-12-13}}

[https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/photographs London Transport Museum Photographic Archive]
{{LTM archive|1998-86923|Original East Finchley station in 1935 prior to reconstruction}}
{{LTM archive|1998-56457|New station building in 1942 – main elevation with view of Archer statue}}
{{LTM archive|1998-56462|New station building in 1942 – secondary entrance}}
{{LTM archive|1998-89791|New station building in 1942 – platform view of overbridge containing staff offices}}
{{LTM archive|1998-86924|Archer statue being worked on by its Sculptor, Eric Aumonier, 1940}}
{{cite web |url=http://www.the-archer.co.uk/history/ship_shape.htm |last=Tupman |first=David |title=Ship Shape Tube |work=The Archer | url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030726182543/http://www.the-archer.co.uk/history/ship_shape.htm | archive-date=26 July 2003 |ref=none}}
{{cite web | url=http://www.ribapix.com/image.php?i=103459&r=2&t=4&x=1&ref=RIBA50355 | title=The Archer statue in Aumonier's workshop | work=ribapix.com | publisher=Royal Institute of British Architects | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721071051/http://www.ribapix.com/image.php?i=103459&r=2&t=4&x=1&ref=RIBA50355 | archive-date=21 July 2011 }}

Category:Northern line stations

Category:Tube stations in the London Borough of Barnet

Category:Art Deco architecture in London

Category:Art Deco railway stations

Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1867

Category:Former Great Northern Railway stations

Category:Grade II listed railway stations

Category:Grade II listed buildings in the London Borough of Barnet

Category:Charles Holden railway stations

Category:London Underground Night Tube stations