:Neil deGrasse Tyson

Tyson was born in Manhattan as the second of three children, into a Catholic family living in the Bronx.{{Cite web |date=2023-06-14 |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson - Christianity and the Cosmos |url=https://almostheretical.com/episodes/neil-degrasse-tyson-christianity-and-the-cosmos |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614144511/https://almostheretical.com/episodes/neil-degrasse-tyson-christianity-and-the-cosmos |archive-date=2023-06-14 |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=Almost Heretical }}{{cite web |publisher=The Science Foundation |date=January 1, 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKOoTRE1HUc#t=17m19s |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson – Called by the Universe |via=YouTube |access-date=February 9, 2012 }} His African-American father, Cyril deGrasse Tyson (1927–2016), was a sociologist and human resource commissioner for New York City mayor John Lindsay, and the first director of Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited.{{cite news |first=Joseph P. |last=Fried |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/30/nyregion/cyril-degrasse-tyson-dead.html |title=Cyril D. Tyson Dies at 89; Fought Poverty in a Turbulent Era |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 30, 2016 |access-date=January 26, 2019}}{{cite magazine |last=Whitaker |first=C. |date=August 2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BdkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60 |title=Super Stargazer |magazine=Ebony |volume=55 |issue=10 |page=60}} His mother, Sunchita Maria Tyson (née Feliciano; 1928–2023), was a gerontologist for the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare and is of Puerto Rican descent.{{cite web |last=Bried |first=Erin |title=Sunchita Tyson |url=http://howtorockyourbaby.com/moms |website=How to Rock Your Baby and other timeless tips for modern moms |publisher=Hyperion |access-date=May 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140320010721/http://howtorockyourbaby.com/moms/ |archive-date=March 20, 2014}} Neil has two siblings: Stephen Joseph Tyson and Lynn Antipas Tyson. Neil's middle name, deGrasse, is from the maiden name of his paternal grandmother, who was born as Altima de Grasse in the British West Indies island of Nevis.{{cite book |first1=Vernon L. |last1=Farmer |first2=Evelyn |last2=Shepherd-Wynn |title=Voices of Historical and Contemporary Black American Pioneers |publisher=ABC-CLIO |location=New York City |date=2012 |isbn=9780313392245 |page=304 }}

Tyson grew up in the Castle Hill neighborhood of the Bronx and then in Riverdale.[http://www.ora.tv/larrykingnow/neil-degrasse-tyson-climate-change-afterlife-elon-musk-0_3wnw5ixmufx0 Larry King Now: Neil deGrasse Tyson on Climate Change, the Afterlife, and Elon Musk]. Ora.tv. Retrieved June 25, 2015. From kindergarten throughout high school, Tyson attended public schools in the Bronx: PS 36 Unionport, PS 81 Robert J. Christen, the Riverdale Kingsbridge Academy (MS 141), and graduated from The Bronx High School of Science in 1976 where he was captain of the wrestling team and editor-in-chief of the Physical Science Journal.{{cite web |author=SiriusXM |date=March 6, 2014 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfZiemfCkr0#t=41m55s |title=Opie & Anthony: Neil deGrasse Tyson Neil deGrasse Tyson ft. Rich Vos & Bob Kelly |publisher=YouTube |access-date=March 6, 2014|author-link=SiriusXM }}{{sfn|Farmer|Shepherd-Wynn|2012|p=319}} His interest in astronomy began at the age of nine after visiting the sky theater of the Hayden Planetarium.{{sfn|Farmer|Shepherd-Wynn|2012|p=300}} He recalled that "so strong was that imprint [of the night sky] that I'm certain that I had no choice in the matter, that in fact, the universe called me."{{cite web |date=January 29, 2010 |title=Stephen Colbert Interviews Neil deGrasse Tyson at Montclair Kimberley Academy |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXh9RQCvxmg#t=1597s |publisher=YouTube}} During high school, Tyson attended astronomy courses offered by the Hayden Planetarium, which he called "the most formative period" of his life. He credited Mark Chartrand III, director of the planetarium at the time, as his "first intellectual role model" and his enthusiastic teaching style mixed with humor inspired Tyson to communicate the universe to others the way he did.{{sfn|Farmer|Shepherd-Wynn|2012|p=309}}

When he was 14, he received a scholarship from the Explorers Club of New York to view the June 1973 total solar eclipse aboard the SS Canberra. The scientific cruise carried two thousand scientists, engineers, and enthusiasts, including Neil Armstrong, Scott Carpenter, and Isaac Asimov.{{cite book |last=DeGrasse Tyson |first=Neil |date=May 1, 2004 |title=The Sky is Not the Limit |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aOwWoZyvUV8C&q=1973+total+solar+eclipse+ss+canberra&pg=PA31 |publisher=Prometheus Books |isbn=9781616141202 |pages=31–32 }}

Tyson obsessively studied astronomy in his teen years; he eventually even gained some fame in the astronomy community by giving lectures on the subject at the age of 15.{{cite web |date=February 15, 2013 |title=Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson – The Prodigy Astronomer |url=http://www.parlemagazine.com/black-history-month/959-dr-neil-degrasse-tyson--the-prodigy-astronomer.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216182841/http://www.parlemagazine.com/black-history-month/959-dr-neil-degrasse-tyson--the-prodigy-astronomer.html |publisher=Parlemagazine.com |access-date=May 27, 2013 |archive-date=December 16, 2013}} Astronomer Carl Sagan, who was a faculty member at Cornell University, sought to recruit Tyson to Cornell for undergraduate studies. In his book, The Sky Is Not the Limit, Tyson wrote:

{{blockquote|My letter of application had been dripping with an interest in the universe. The admission office, unbeknownst to me, had forwarded my application to Carl Sagan's attention. Within weeks, I received a personal letter...{{cite book|first=Neil deGrasse|last=Tyson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aOwWoZyvUV8C&q=degrasse+cornell+sagan+admissions&pg=PA43|title=The Sky Is Not the Limit: Adventures of an Urban Astrophysicist|publisher=Prometheus Books|location=Amherst, New York|date=2004|isbn=978-1591021889|page=43}}}}

Tyson revisited this moment on his first episode of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey. Pulling out a 1975 calendar belonging to the famous astronomer, he found the day Sagan invited the 17-year-old to spend a day in Ithaca. Sagan had offered to put him up for the night if his bus back to the Bronx did not come. Tyson said, "I already knew I wanted to become a scientist. But that afternoon, I learned from Carl the kind of person I wanted to become."{{cite episode |title=Standing Up in the Milky Way |series=Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey |date=March 9, 2014 |network=National Geographic Channel, FX, Fox Life, et al. |season=1 |number=1 }}{{cite news |date=March 3, 2014 |title=A Successor to Sagan Reboots 'Cosmos'|first=Dennis |last=Overbye |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/04/science/space/a-successor-to-sagan-reboots-cosmos.html |access-date=March 17, 2014 |newspaper=New York Times }}

Tyson chose to attend Harvard where he majored in physics and lived in Currier House. He was a member of the rowing team during his freshman year, but returned to wrestling, lettering (achieving varsity team rank) in his senior year. He was also active in dance (styles including jazz, ballet, Afro-Caribbean, and Latin Ballroom).{{cite journal |title=Black News and News Makers in History: Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson |url=http://www.pasadenajournal.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1587%3Aamazing-african-americans-in-history-dr-neil-degrasse-tyson&Itemid=128|journal=The Pasadena/San Gabriel Valley Journal |publisher=Digital First Media|location=Pasadena, California|date=September 28, 2010 |access-date=October 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213193356/http://www.pasadenajournal.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1587%3Aamazing-african-americans-in-history-dr-neil-degrasse-tyson&Itemid=128 |archive-date=December 13, 2013 |url-status=dead}}

File:Tyson - Apollo 40th anniversary 2009.jpg at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, July 2009]]

Tyson earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in physics at Harvard College in 1980 and then began his graduate work at the University of Texas at Austin,{{Cite news |url=https://alcalde.texasexes.org/2012/02/star-power/ |title=Star Power |date=February 28, 2012 |work=The Alcalde|access-date=August 30, 2017 }} from which he received a Master of Arts degree in astronomy in 1983. By his own account, he did not spend as much time in the research lab as he should have. His professors encouraged him to consider alternative careers and the committee for his doctoral dissertation was dissolved, ending his pursuit of a doctorate from the University of Texas.{{cite web |last=Cahalan |first=Rose |date=February 28, 2012 |title=Star Power |url=http://alcalde.texasexes.org/2012/02/star-power |publisher=The Alcalde |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}

Tyson was a lecturer in astronomy at the University of Maryland from 1986 to 1987{{cite web |title=Curriculum vitae |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/curriculum-vitae#employment |access-date=October 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101114929/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/curriculum-vitae#employment |archive-date=January 1, 2012 |url-status=dead }} and in 1988, he was accepted into the astronomy graduate program at Columbia University, where he earned a Master of Philosophy degree in astrophysics in 1989, and a PhD degree in astrophysics in 1991{{Cite thesis |last1=Tyson |first1=N.D. |year=1992 |title=A study of the abundance distributions along the minor axis of the Galactic bulge |publisher=Columbia University |type=PhD thesis |bibcode=1992PhDT.........1T}} under the supervision of Professor R. Michael Rich. Rich obtained funding to support Tyson's doctoral research from NASA and the ARCS Foundation,{{cite web |title=5000 Alumni at work in the US |url=https://www.arcsfoundation.org/5000-alumni-work-us |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503212138/https://www.arcsfoundation.org/5000-alumni-work-us |archive-date=May 3, 2015 }} enabling Tyson to attend international meetings in Italy, Switzerland, Chile, and South Africa and to hire students to help him with data reduction.{{cite journal |last1=Tyson |first1=N.D. |last2=Gal |first2=R.R. |year=1996 |title=An exposure guide for taking twilight flatfields with large format CCDs |volume=105 |issue=3 |page=1206 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |doi=10.1086/116505 |bibcode=1993AJ....105.1206T |citeseerx=10.1.1.56.3178}} In the course of his thesis work, he observed using the 0.91 m telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile, where he obtained images for the Calán/Tololo Supernova Survey{{Cite journal |last=Hamuy |first=M.|display-authors=etal |date=1996 |title=BVRI Light Curves for 29 Type IA Supernovae |volume=112 |issue=6 |page=2408 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |arxiv=astro-ph/9609064 |bibcode=1996AJ....112.2408H |doi=10.1086/118192|s2cid=119520520 }}{{Cite journal |last=Lira |first=P. |display-authors=etal |date=1998 |title=Optical light curves of the Type IA supernovae SN 1990N and 1991T |volume=115 |issue=1 |page=234 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |arxiv=astro-ph/9709262 |bibcode=1998AJ....115..234L |doi=10.1086/300175|s2cid=119371591 }} helping to further their work in establishing Type Ia supernovae as standard candles.

During his thesis research at Columbia University, Tyson became acquainted with Professor David Spergel at Princeton University, who visited Columbia University in the course of collaborating with his thesis advisor on the Galactic bulge{{cite journal |year=1994 |title=Signatures of bulge triaxiality from kinematics in Baade's window |last1=Zhao |first1=H.-S. |last2=Spergel |first2=D.N. |last3=Rich |first3=R.M. |volume=108 |page=2154 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |arxiv=astro-ph/9409024 |bibcode=1994AJ....108.2154Z |doi=10.1086/117227|s2cid=119495258 }}{{cite journal |year=1995 |title=Microlensing by the Galactic Bar |last1=Zhao |first1=H.-S. |last2=Spergel |first2=D.N. |last3=Rich |first3=R.M. |volume=440 |issue=1995 |page=13 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |doi=10.1086/187749 |arxiv=astro-ph/9409022 |bibcode=1995ApJ...440L..13Z|s2cid=73543151 }}{{cite journal |year=1996 |title=A consistent microlensing model for the Galactic bar |last1=Zhao |first1=H.-S. |last2=Rich |first2=R.M. |last3=Spergel |first3=D.N. |volume=282 |issue=1 |page=175 |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |arxiv=astro-ph/9512065 |bibcode=1996MNRAS.282..175Z |doi=10.1093/mnras/282.1.175|doi-access=free |citeseerx=10.1.1.740.9450 |s2cid=118866594 }} typically found in spiral galaxies.

File:Tyson & students.jpg conference]]

Tyson's research has focused on observations in cosmology, stellar evolution, galactic astronomy, bulges, and stellar formation. He has held numerous positions at institutions including the University of Maryland, Princeton University, the American Museum of Natural History, and the Hayden Planetarium.

In 1994, Tyson joined the Hayden Planetarium as a staff scientist while he was a research affiliate in Princeton University. He became acting director of the planetarium in June 1995 and was appointed director in 1996."Powerplay: On the Move". Black Enterprise 27 (1): 58. August 1996. As director, he oversaw the planetarium's $210 million reconstruction project, which was completed in 2000. Upon being asked for his thoughts on becoming director, Tyson said "when I was a kid... there were scientists and educators on the staff at the Hayden Planetarium... who invested their time and energy in my enlightenment... and I've never forgotten that... to end up back there as its director, I feel this deep sense of duty, that I serve in the same capacity for people who come through the facility today, that others served for me".{{Cite episode |url=http://www.pointofinquiry.org/neil_degrasse_tyson_the_sky_is_not_the_limit/ |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson – The Sky Is Not the Limit |last=deGrasse Tyson |first=Neil |author-link=Neil deGrasse Tyson |series=Point of Inquiry |id=podcast |date=August 17, 2006 |access-date=February 25, 2015 |archive-date=February 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225143927/http://www.pointofinquiry.org/neil_degrasse_tyson_the_sky_is_not_the_limit/ |url-status=dead }}

Tyson has written a number of popular books on astrophysics. In 1995, he began to write the "Universe" column for Natural History magazine. In a column Tyson wrote for a special edition of the magazine, called "City of Stars", in 2002, he popularized the term "Manhattanhenge" to describe the two days annually on which the evening sun aligns with the street grid in Manhattan, making the sunset visible along unobstructed side streets. He had coined the term in 1996, inspired by how the phenomenon recalls the sun's solstice alignment with the Stonehenge monument in England.{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8631317/Sun-to-strike-New-York-streets-in-Manhattanhenge.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8631317/Sun-to-strike-New-York-streets-in-Manhattanhenge.html |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Sun to strike New York streets in 'Manhattanhenge' |date=July 11, 2011 |work=The Telegraph }}{{cbignore}} Tyson's column also influenced his work as a professor with The Great Courses.{{cite web |url=http://www.thegreatcourses.com/tgc/professors/professor_detail.aspx?pid=257 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320231400/http://www.thegreatcourses.com/tgc/professors/professor_detail.aspx?pid=257 |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson |website=The Great Courses |access-date=June 13, 2012 |archive-date=March 20, 2013 }}

In 2001, U.S. President George W. Bush appointed Tyson to serve on the Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry and in 2004 to serve on the President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy, the latter better known as the "Moon, Mars, and Beyond" commission. Soon afterward, he was awarded the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal, the highest civilian honor bestowed by NASA.{{cite web |url=http://www.amnh.org/science/bios/bio.php?scientist=tyson |title=American Museum of Natural History |author=American Museum of Natural History |website=AMNH.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022134532/http://www.amnh.org/science/bios/bio.php?scientist=tyson |archive-date=October 22, 2014}}

File:Tyson & Kepler team.jpg]]

In 2004, Tyson hosted the four-part Origins miniseries of the PBS Nova series{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/origins/ |title=NOVA – Origins |date=2004 |website=Public Broadcasting Service |author=WGBH Educational Foundation |access-date=June 7, 2009}} and with Donald Goldsmith, co-authored the companion volume for this series, Origins: Fourteen Billion Years Of Cosmic Evolution.{{cite book |title=Origins: Fourteen Billion Years of Cosmic Evolution |url=https://archive.org/details/originsfourteenb00dona |url-access=registration |last1=Tyson |first1=Neil deGrasse |first2=Donald |last2=Goldsmith |date=2004 |publisher=W.W. Norton & Co |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-05992-2 }} He again collaborated with Goldsmith as the narrator on the documentary 400 Years of the Telescope, which premiered on PBS in April 2009.{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/soptv/400years/en/ |title=400 Years of the Telescope – A Journey of Science, Technology and Thought |website=PBS.org }}

{{anchor|Pluto}}

As director of the Hayden Planetarium, Tyson bucked traditional thinking in order to keep Pluto from being referred to as the ninth planet in exhibits at the center. He has explained that he wanted to look at commonalities between objects, grouping the terrestrial planets together, the gas giants together, and Pluto with like objects, and to get away from simply counting the planets. He has stated on The Colbert Report, The Daily Show, and BBC Horizon that the decision has resulted in large amounts of hate mail, much of it from children.The Colbert Report, August 17, 2006. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) confirmed this assessment by changing Pluto to the dwarf planet classification.

Tyson recounted the heated online debate on the Cambridge Conference Network (CCNet), a "widely read, UK-based Internet chat group", following Benny Peiser's renewed call for reclassification of Pluto's status.{{cite book |title=The Pluto Files: The Rise and Fall of America's Favorite Planet |url=https://archive.org/details/plutofilesrisefa00tyso |url-access=registration |first=Neil deGrasse |last=Tyson |page=[https://archive.org/details/plutofilesrisefa00tyso/page/194 194] |date=January 19, 2008 |publisher=W.W. Norton & Company|isbn=9780393065206 }} Peiser's entry, in which he posted articles from the AP and The Boston Globe, spawned from The New York Times{{'}}s article entitled "Pluto's Not a Planet? Only in New York".{{cite news |title=Pluto's Not a Planet? Only in New York |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/22/nyregion/pluto-s-not-a-planet-only-in-new-york.html |first=Kenneth |last=Change |date=January 22, 2001 |newspaper=The New York Times}}{{cite web |url=http://abob.libs.uga.edu/bobk/ccc/cc013101.html |publisher=CCNet |title=CCNet Special: Renewed Call for Reclassification of Pluto's Status |date=January 31, 2001 |first=Benny |last=Peiser }}

Tyson has been vice-president, president, and chairman of the board of the Planetary Society. He was also the host of the PBS program Nova ScienceNow until 2011.{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow |title=NOVA – scienceNOW |website=Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) |access-date=June 7, 2009}} He attended and was a speaker at the Beyond Belief: Science, Religion, Reason and Survival symposium in November 2006.{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=George |date=2006-11-21 |title=A Free-for-All on Science and Religion |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/21/science/21belief.html |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=The New York Times |language=en-US}}

File:Dr Neil deGrasse Tyson in Sydney.JPG TV series in Australia for National Geographic, 2014]]

In May 2009, Tyson launched a one-hour radio talk show called StarTalk, which he co-hosted with comedian Lynne Koplitz. The show was syndicated on Sunday afternoons on KTLK AM in Los Angeles and WHFS in Washington DC. The show lasted for thirteen weeks, but was resurrected in December 2010 and then, co-hosted with comedians Chuck Nice and Leighann Lord instead of Koplitz. Guests range from colleagues in science to celebrities such as GZA, Wil Wheaton, Sarah Silverman, and Bill Maher. The show is available via the Internet through a live stream or in the form of a podcast.{{cite web |url=http://startalkradio.net/ |title=StarTalk Radio Show |access-date=May 30, 2011 }}

In April 2011, Tyson was the keynote speaker at the 93rd International Convention of the Phi Theta Kappa International Honor Society of the Two-year School. He and James Randi delivered a lecture entitled Skepticism, which related directly with the convention's theme of The Democratization of Information: Power, Peril, and Promise.{{Citation |title=Phi Theta Kappa Honors Seminar Series |url=http://austincc.collegiatelink.net/organization/ptk/calendar/details/109382 |publisher=Austing Community College |access-date=February 26, 2013 |url-access=registration }}

In 2012, Tyson announced that he would appear in a YouTube series based on his radio show StarTalk. A premiere date for the show has not been announced, but it will be distributed on the Nerdist YouTube Channel.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOir4aMu0vYI Nerdist Channel Sneak Peek] (March 27, 2012) from YouTube On February 28, 2014, Tyson was a celebrity guest at the White House Student Film Festival.{{cite web |last=Boyle |first=Alan |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/science/science-news/students-are-stars-white-house-film-festival-n40846 |title=Students Are Stars at White House Film Festival |work=NBC News |date=February 28, 2014 |access-date=March 12, 2014 }}

In 2014, Tyson helped revive Carl Sagan's Cosmos: A Personal Voyage television series, presenting Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey on both FOX and the National Geographic Channel. Thirteen episodes were aired in the first season, and Tyson has said that if a second season were produced, he would pass the role of host to someone else in the science world.{{cite news |last=Gannon |first=Megan |title=Inside 'Cosmos': Q&A with Host Neil deGrasse Tyson |url=http://www.space.com/24952-cosmos-tv-series-neil-degrasse-tyson-interview.html |work=Space.com |access-date=May 17, 2015 }}{{cite news |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson opts out of Cosmos season 2 |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/795971/neil-degrasse-tyson-opts-out-of-cosmos-season-2/ |newspaper=The Express Tribune |access-date=May 17, 2015|date=November 23, 2014 }} On March 9, 2020, he returned with a follow-up season of Cosmos titled Cosmos: Possible Worlds.{{cite web |last1=Otterson |first1=Joe |title='Cosmos' to Return for Second Season on National Geographic and Fox |url=https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/cosmos-season-2-national-geographic-1202663444/ |work=Variety |access-date=December 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207163250/https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/cosmos-season-2-national-geographic-1202663444/ |archive-date=December 7, 2018 |date=January 13, 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=https://www.space.com/cosmos-possible-worlds-episode-1-recap.html |title='Cosmos: Possible Worlds' episode 1 takes viewers on a wild ride with the Ship of Imagination |last=Pyle |first=Rod |website=Space.com |date=March 10, 2020 |access-date=July 14, 2023 }}

On April 20, 2015, Tyson began hosting a late-night talk show entitled StarTalk on the National Geographic Channel, where he interviews pop culture celebrities and asks them about their life experiences with science.{{cite magazine |last1=Berenson |first1=Tessa |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Is Getting His Own Talk Show |url=https://time.com/3659253/neil-degrasse-tyson-show/ |magazine=Time |access-date=January 8, 2015}} Around 2016, he was co-developing a sandbox video game with Whatnot Entertainment, Neil deGrasse Tyson Presents: Space Odyssey, which aimed to help provide players with a realistic simulation of developing a space-faring culture, incorporating educational materials about space and technology. The development was abandoned after April 2020.{{cite web |last=Gaudiosi |first=John |date=October 2, 2016 |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/neil-degrasse-tyson-voyages-into-gaming-with-space-odyssey/ |title=Expand Your Universe with Neil deGrasse Tyson's New Video Game |website=Digital Trends |access-date=May 26, 2017 }}

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| quote = [A] most important feature is the analysis of the information that comes your way. And that's what I don't see enough of in this world. There's a level of gullibility that leaves people susceptible to being taken advantage of. I see science literacy as kind of a vaccine against charlatans who would try to exploit your ignorance.

| source = — Neil deGrasse Tyson, from a transcript of an interview by Roger Bingham on The Science Network{{cite web |url=http://thesciencenetwork.org/programs/the-science-studio/neil-degrasse-tyson |title=TSN: Called by the Universe |publisher=Thesciencenetwork.org |access-date=2012-08-26}}{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/2009/07/23/called-by-the-universe |title=Called by the Universe |publisher=Haydenplanetarium.org |access-date=August 26, 2012}}

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}}

Tyson has written and broadcast extensively about his views of science, spirituality, and the spirituality of science, including the essays "The Perimeter of Ignorance"[https://neildegrassetyson.com/essays/2005-11-the-perimeter-of-ignorance/ The Perimeter of Ignorance] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906154623/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/2005/11/01/the-perimeter-of-ignorance |date=September 6, 2018 }} from Tyson's website and "Holy Wars", both appearing in Natural History magazine and the 2006 Beyond Belief workshop. In an interview with comedian Paul Mecurio, Tyson offered his definition of spirituality, "For me, when I say spiritual, I'm referring to a feeling you would have that connects you to the universe in a way that it may defy simple vocabulary. We think about the universe as an intellectual playground, which it surely is, but the moment you learn something that touches an emotion rather than just something intellectual, I would call that a spiritual encounter with the universe."{{cite web |last1=Mecurio |first1=Paul |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson |url=https://soundcloud.com/paul-mecurio-show/neil-degrasse-tyson |website=The Paul Mecurio Show |publisher=Alive and Social |access-date=March 2, 2015}} He has argued that many great historical scientists' belief in intelligent design limited their scientific inquiries, to the detriment of the advance of scientific knowledge.{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/1999/10/01/holy-wars |title=Holy Wars |website=haydenplanetarium.org}}{{cite web |last=Tyson |first=Neil deGrasse |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/2005/11/01/the-perimeter-of-ignorance |title=The Perimeter of Ignorance |publisher=Haydenplanetarium.org |access-date=February 3, 2012 |archive-date=September 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906154623/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/2005/11/01/the-perimeter-of-ignorance }}

When asked during a question session at the University at Buffalo if he believed in a higher power, Tyson responded: "Every account of a higher power that I've seen described, of all religions that I've seen, include many statements with regard to the benevolence of that power. When I look at the universe and all the ways the universe wants to kill us, I find it hard to reconcile that with statements of beneficence."{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZhOm6N4-I0&feature=channel |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson at UB: God and Science |id=Quote starts at ~55 seconds |publisher=University at Buffalo YouTube channel |date=April 9, 2010 |access-date=February 3, 2012}}Dale McGowan [https://books.google.com/books?id=KXKDLP_PyEQC&q=tyson Atheism For Dummies]; {{ISBN|978-1118509203}}{{Rp|341}} In an interview with Big Think, he said: "So, what people are really after is what is my stance on religion or spirituality or God, and I would say if I find a word that came closest, it would be 'agnostic'... at the end of the day I'd rather not be any category at all."{{cite web |last=Tyson |first=Neil deGrasse |title=Neil explains his views on youtube |date=April 25, 2012 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CzSMC5rWvos |publisher=Big Think on YouTube |access-date=June 15, 2012}} Additionally, in the same interview with Big Think, Tyson mentioned that he edited Wikipedia's entry on him to include the fact that he is an agnostic:

{{blockquote|I'm constantly claimed by atheists. I find this intriguing. In fact, on my Wiki page –I didn't create the Wiki page. Others did, and I'm flattered that people cared enough about my life to assemble it–and it said, "Neil deGrasse Tyson is an atheist." I said, "Well, that's not really true." I said, "Neil deGrasse Tyson is an agnostic." I went back a week later. It said, "Neil deGrasse Tyson is an atheist" again–within a week!–and I said, "What's up with that?" and I said, "All right, I have to word it a little differently." So I said, "Okay, Neil deGrasse Tyson, widely claimed by atheists, is actually an agnostic."}}

During the interview "Called by the Universe: A Conversation with Neil deGrasse Tyson" in 2009, Tyson said: "I can't agree to the claims by atheists that I'm one of that community. I don't have the time, energy, interest of conducting myself that way... I'm not trying to convert people. I don't care."{{cite web |url=http://thesciencenetwork.org/programs/the-science-studio/neil-degrasse-tyson |title=TSN: Called by the Universe |website=The Science Network}}

File:Neil deGrasse Tyson and Richard Dawkins at Howard University (2) - September 28, 2010.jpg at Howard University, 2010]]

In March 2014, philosopher and secularism proponent Massimo Pigliucci asked Tyson: "What is it you think about God?" Tyson replied: "I remain unconvinced by any claims anyone has ever made about the existence or the power of a divine force operating in the universe." Pigliucci then asked him why he expressed discomfort with the label "atheist" in his Big Think video. Tyson replied by reiterating his dislike for one-word labels, saying: "That's what adjectives are for. What kind of atheist are you? Are you an ardent atheist? Are you a passive atheist? An apathetic atheist? Do you rally, or do you just not even care? So I'd be on the 'I really don't care' side of that, if you had to find adjectives to put in front of the word 'atheist'."

Pigliucci contrasted Tyson with scientist Richard Dawkins: "[Dawkins] really does consider, at this point, himself to be an atheist activist. You very clearly made the point that you are not." Tyson replied: "I completely respect that activity. He's fulfilling a really important role out there."{{cite web |last=Tyson |first=Neil deGrasse |title=Interview with Massimo Pigliucci and Julia Galef |url=http://rationallyspeakingpodcast.org/show/rs103-neil-degrasse-tyson-on-why-he-doesnt-call-himself-an-a.html |website=Rationally Speaking podcast |access-date=April 11, 2014 |date=March 9, 2014}} Tyson has spoken about philosophy on numerous occasions. In March 2014, during an episode of The Nerdist Podcast, he said that philosophy is "useless" and that a philosophy major "can really mess you up",{{cite web |url=http://nerdist.com/nerdist-podcast-neil-degrasse-tyson-returns-again/ |title=Nerdist Podcast: Neil deGrasse Tyson Returns Again |date=March 7, 2014 |access-date=April 23, 2015 |website=The Nerdist Podcast |last=Levine |first=Katie |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411083123/http://nerdist.com/nerdist-podcast-neil-degrasse-tyson-returns-again/ |archive-date=April 11, 2015 |url-status=dead }} which was met with disapproval.{{cite web |url=http://www.chicagonow.com/an-agnostic-in-wheaton/2014/06/dear-neil-degrasse-tyson-dont-be-stupid-about-philosophy/ |title=Dear Neil deGrasse Tyson, don't be foolish about philosophy |date=June 29, 2014 |access-date=April 23, 2015 |website=Chicago Now |last=Wall |first=James Kirk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140806031740/http://www.chicagonow.com/an-agnostic-in-wheaton/2014/06/dear-neil-degrasse-tyson-dont-be-stupid-about-philosophy/ |archive-date=August 6, 2014|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://io9.com/neil-degrasse-tyson-slammed-for-dismissing-philosophy-a-1575178224 |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Slammed For Dismissing Philosophy As 'Useless' |date=May 12, 2014 |access-date=April 23, 2015 |website=io9 |last=Dvorsky |first=George |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150328062312/http://io9.com/neil-degrasse-tyson-slammed-for-dismissing-philosophy-a-1575178224 |archive-date=March 28, 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://www.salon.com/2014/06/07/the_one_thing_neil_degrasse_tyson_got_wrong/ |title=The one thing Neil deGrasse Tyson got wrong |date=June 7, 2015 |access-date=April 23, 2015 |website=Salon |last=Neumann |first=Steve |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326000625/http://www.salon.com/2014/06/07/the_one_thing_neil_degrasse_tyson_got_wrong/n|url-status=live |archive-date=March 26, 2015}}{{cite web |url=https://theweek.com/articles/447197/why-neil-degrasse-tyson-philistine |title=Why Neil deGrasse Tyson is a philistine |date=May 6, 2014 |access-date=April 23, 2014 |website=The Week |last=Linker |first=Damon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416145135/http://theweek.com/articles/447197/why-neil-degrasse-tyson-philistine|url-status=live |archive-date=April 16, 2015}} Pigliucci, a philosopher, later criticized him for "dismiss[ing] philosophy as a useless enterprise".{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/massimo-pigliucci/neil-degrasse-tyson-and-the-value-of-philosophy_b_5330216.html |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson and the Value of Philosophy |date=May 16, 2014 |access-date=April 23, 2015 |website=The Huffington Post |last=Pigliucci |first=Massimo |author-link=Massimo Pigliucci|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421104308/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/massimo-pigliucci/neil-degrasse-tyson-and-the-value-of-philosophy_b_5330216.html |archive-date=April 21, 2015}}

In 2005, at a conference at the National Academy of Sciences, Tyson responded to a question about whether genetic differences might keep women from working as scientists. He said that his goal to become an astrophysicist was "hands down the path of most resistance through the forces... of society... My life experience tells me, when you don't find Blacks in the sciences, when you don't find women in the sciences, I know these forces are real and I had to survive them in order to get where I am today. So before we start talking about genetic differences, you gotta come up with a system where there's equal opportunity. Then we can start having that conversation."[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7ihNLEDiuM National Academy of Sciences conference], YouTube accessed October 31, 2014.

In a 2014 interview with Grantland, Tyson said that he related his experience on that 2005 panel in an effort to make the point that the scientific question about genetic differences can not be answered until the social barriers are dismantled. "I'm saying before you even have that conversation, you have to be really sure that access to opportunity has been level." In the same interview, Tyson said that race is not a part of the point he is trying to make in his career or with his life. According to Tyson, "[T]hat then becomes the point of people's understanding of me, rather than the astrophysics. So it's a failed educational step for that to be the case. If you end up being distracted by that and not [getting] the message." He purposefully no longer speaks publicly about race. "I don't give talks on it. I don't even give Black History Month talks. I decline every single one of them. In fact, since 1993, I've declined every interview that has my being black as a premise of the interview."{{cite web |url=http://grantland.com/hollywood-prospectus/a-conversation-with-neil-degrasse-tyson-about-cosmos-race-and-celebrity |title=A Conversation With Neil deGrasse Tyson About 'Cosmos,' Race, and Celebrity |author=Rembert Browne |website=Grantland|date=June 9, 2014 }}

Tyson has positively advocated for the freedoms of homosexual and transgender people and argued about the topic repeatedly against right-wing commentators.The Ben Shapiro Show "Sunday Special" Ep. 72 "Neil deGrasse Tyson" uploaded on YouTube on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOldlsyZUhg October 13, 2019] ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w89etN8QqNQ excerpt reuploaded] on July 18, 2021).""Split People By Categories, Not Gender!" Neil deGrasse Tyson on Transgender Athletes" on the Piers Morgan Uncensored YouTube channel on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_ETEWQMArQ October 4, 2022]."Konstantin Kisin & Neil deGrasse Tyson CLASH Over Trans Debate" on the Triggernometry YouTube channel on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXWUtIjHrtE September 23, 2023.]"Neil deGrasse Tyson" on the Club Random Podcast YouTube channel on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EopP1iD6N3w November 5, 2023] ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=502oDuv8RLE excerpt reuploaded] on November 16, 2023).

File:Bill Nye, Barack Obama and Neil deGrasse Tyson selfie 2014.jpg, and U.S. President Barack Obama take a selfie at the White House, 2014.]]

Tyson is an advocate for expanding the operations of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Arguing that "the most powerful agency on the dreams of a nation is currently underfunded to do what it needs to be doing".{{cite web |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson at UB: What NASA Means to America's Future |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQhNZENMG1o |publisher=University at Buffalo Communications |access-date=November 30, 2012 |date=April 2, 2010}} He has suggested that the general public has a tendency to overestimate how much revenue is allocated to the space agency. At a March 2010 address, referencing the proportion of tax revenue spent on NASA, he stated, "By the way, how much does NASA cost? It's a half a penny on the dollar. Did you know that? The people are saying, 'Why are we spending money up there...' I ask them, 'How much do you think we're spending?' They say 'five cents, ten cents on a dollar.' It's a half a penny."

In March 2012, Tyson testified before the United States Senate Science Committee, stating that:

{{blockquote|Right now, NASA's annual budget is half a penny on your tax dollar. For twice that—a penny on a dollar—we can transform the country from a sullen, dispirited nation, weary of economic struggle, to one where it has reclaimed its 20th century birthright to dream of tomorrow.{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/2012/03/07/past-present-and-future-of-nasa-us-senate-testimony |title=Past, Present, and Future of NASA – U.S. Senate Testimony |publisher=Hayden Planetarium |access-date=4 Dec 2012 |date=7 Mar 2012}}{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/watch/2012/03/07/past-present-and-future-of-nasa-us-senate-testimony-video |title=Past, Present, and Future of NASA – U.S. Senate Testimony (Video) |publisher=Hayden Planetarium |access-date=December 4, 2012 |date=March 7, 2012}}}}

Inspired by Tyson's advocacy and remarks, Penny4NASA, a campaign of the Space Advocates nonprofit{{cite web |title=About Us – Space Advocates |url=http://www.spaceadvocates.com/about |publisher=Space Advocates |access-date=February 5, 2014}} was founded in 2012 by John Zeller and advocates doubling NASA's budget to one percent of the federal budget.{{cite web |title=Why We Fight |url=http://www.penny4nasa.org/why-we-fight |publisher=Penny4NASA |access-date=November 30, 2012}}

In his book Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier Tyson argues that large and ambitious space exploration projects, like getting humans to Mars, will probably require some sort of military or economic driver in order to get the appropriate funding from the United States federal government.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/03/neil-degrasse-tyson-how-space-exploration-can-make-america-great-again/253989/ |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson: How Space Exploration Can Make America Great Again |first=Chris |last=Heller |magazine=The Atlantic |date=March 5, 2012 |access-date=March 31, 2018}}

File:Tyson at TAM6.jpg of the JREF.]]

As a science communicator, Tyson regularly appears on television, radio, and various other media outlets. He has been a regular guest on The Colbert Report, and host Stephen Colbert refers to him in his comedic book I Am America (And So Can You!), noting in his chapter on scientists that most scientists are "decent, well-intentioned people", but presumably tongue-in-cheek, that "Neil DeGrasse{{sic}} Tyson is an absolute monster."{{cite book |title=I Am America (And So Can You!) |last=Colbert |first=Stephen |year=2007 |publisher=Grand Central Publishing Hachette Book Group USA |location=New York |isbn=978-0-446-58050-2}}

He has appeared numerous times on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. He has made appearances on Late Night with Conan O'Brien, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, and The Rachel Maddow Show.{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/watch |title=Watch | Neil deGrasse Tyson |publisher=Haydenplanetarium.org |access-date=February 3, 2012 |archive-date=November 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111109005704/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/watch |url-status=dead }} He served as one of the central interviewees on the various episodes of the History Channel science program, The Universe. Tyson participated on the NPR radio quiz program Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! in 2007 and 2015.{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/rundowns/rundown.php?prgId=35&prgDate=02-24-2007&view=storyview |title=Wait Wait...Don't Tell Me! : NPR |date=October 24, 2015 |website=NPR.org}} He appeared several times on Real Time with Bill Maher and he was also featured on an episode of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? as the ask-the-expert lifeline.{{cite web |url=http://www.hbo.com/real-time-with-bill-maher/episodes#/real-time-with-bill-maher/episodes/0/201-episode/guest-stars.html |title=Episode 201 guest stars |publisher=HBO |access-date=August 5, 2011 |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020202208/http://www.hbo.com/real-time-with-bill-maher/episodes#/real-time-with-bill-maher/episodes/0/201-episode/guest-stars.html |url-status=dead }} He has spoken numerous times on the Philadelphia morning show, Preston and Steve, on 93.3 WMMR, as well as on SiriusXM's Ron and Fez and The Opie and Anthony Show.

Tyson has been featured as a podcast guest interviewee on The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe, Radiolab, Skepticality, and The Joe Rogan Experience, and he has been in several of the Symphony of Science videos.{{cite web |url=http://www.podcastdirectory.com/podshows/626200 |title=Episode: A Theory of Everything? Podcast |publisher=PodcastDirectory |access-date=February 3, 2012 |archive-date=February 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206155750/http://www.podcastdirectory.com/podshows/626200 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://www.podcastdirectory.com/podshows/648292 |title=Episode: Proving String Theory Podcast |publisher=PodcastDirectory |access-date=February 3, 2012 |archive-date=February 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206155800/http://www.podcastdirectory.com/podshows/648292 |url-status=dead }} He lived near the World Trade Center and was an eyewitness to the September 11, 2001, attacks. He wrote a widely circulated letter on what he saw.[https://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/letters/2001-09-12-the-horror-the-horror.php "The Horror, The Horror"] from Tyson's website Footage he filmed on the day was included in the 2008 documentary film 102 Minutes That Changed America.102 Minutes That Changed America (2008; TV) – Credits

In 2007, Tyson was the keynote speaker during the dedication ceremony of Deerfield Academy's new science center, the Koch Center in Massachusetts, named for David H. Koch '59. He emphasized the impact science will have on the twenty-first century, as well as explaining that investments into science may be costly, but their returns in the form of knowledge gained and piquing interest is invaluable. He has also appeared as the keynote speaker at The Amazing Meeting, a science and skepticism conference hosted by the James Randi Educational Foundation.{{YouTube|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson, Keynote Speech at TAM 6 on Adventures in Science Illiteracy or Brain Droppings of a Skeptic|id=8vfOpZD4Sm8}} uploaded by [https://www.youtube.com/user/ChristopherHitchslap User ChristopherHitchslap]

Tyson made a guest appearance as a version of himself in the episode "Brain Storm" of Stargate Atlantis alongside Bill Nye and in the episode "The Apology Insufficiency" of The Big Bang Theory. Archive footage of him is used in the film Europa Report. Tyson also made an appearance in an episode of Martha Speaks as himself.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120610011516/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2012/06/07/popular-astrophysicist-neil-degrasse-tyson-guest-stars-in-brand-new-martha-speaks-episode/137206/ Amanda Kondolojy, "Popular Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson Guest Stars in Brand-New 'Martha Speaks' Episode"], tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com, June 7, 2012.

File:2010 Space Conference group portrait.jpg, Jim Bell, Scott Hubbard, and Lou Friedman]]

In a May 2011 StarTalk Radio show, The Political Science of the Daily Show, Tyson said he donates all income earned as a guest speaker.{{cite web |url=http://www.startalkradio.net/show/the-political-science-of-the-daily-show |title=The Political Science of the Daily Show Podcast |publisher=PodcastDirectory |access-date=May 23, 2011 }} he is a frequent participant in the website Reddit's AMAs (Ask Me Anythings) where he is responsible for three of the top ten most popular AMAs of all time.{{Cite magazine |last=Holiday |first=Ryan |author-link=Ryan Holiday|title=Inside the Reddit AMA: The Interview Revolution That Has Everyone Talking |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ryanholiday/2012/05/01/inside-the-reddit-ama-the-interview-revolution-that-has-everyone-talking |magazine=Forbes |date=May 1, 2012|access-date=May 5, 2012}}

In Action Comics #14 (January 2013), which was published November 7, 2012, Tyson appears in the story, in which he determines that Superman's home planet, Krypton, orbited the red dwarf LHS 2520 in the constellation Corvus 27.1 lightyears from Earth. He assisted DC Comics in selecting a real-life star that would be an appropriate parent star to Krypton, and picked Corvus, which is Latin for "Crow",Wall, Mike (November 7, 2012). [http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=supermans-home-planet-krypton "Superman's Home Planet Krypton 'Found'"]. Scientific AmericanPotter, Ned (November 5, 2012). [https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2012/11/superman-home-planet-krypton-found-in-sky/ "Superman Home: Planet Krypton 'Found' in Sky"], abcnews.go.com; accessed October 31, 2014. and which is the mascot of Superman's high school, the Smallville Crows.Gregorian, Dareh (November 5, 2012). [http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/nyer_is_super_smart_seMJnvJaXju74neeqHgM2M "NYER is 'super' smart"], New York Post; accessed October 31, 2014.{{cite web |last=Castle |first=Alice W. |date=November 5, 2012 |url=http://multiversitycomics.com/news/neil-degrasse-tyson-consults-on-action-comics-14-finds-krypton-in-real-life/ |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Consults on 'Action Comics' #14, Finds Krypton in Real Life |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025422/http://multiversitycomics.com/news/neil-degrasse-tyson-consults-on-action-comics-14-finds-krypton-in-real-life/ |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |work=Multiversity Comics |access-date=October 31, 2014 }} Tyson also had a minor appearance as himself in the 2016 film Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice.{{cite web |last=Simon |first=Rachel |date=March 24, 2016 |title=The 11 Biggest Cameos In 'Batman v Superman' |url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/149265-11-cameos-in-batman-v-superman-from-superheroes-other-famous-folks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829035418/https://www.bustle.com/articles/149265-11-cameos-in-batman-v-superman-from-superheroes-other-famous-folks |archive-date=August 29, 2016 |access-date=December 30, 2020 |website=Bustle }}

In May 2013, the Science Laureates of the United States Act of 2013 (H.R. 1891; 113th Congress) was introduced into Congress. Tyson was listed by at least two commentators as a possible nominee for the position of Science Laureate, if the act were to pass.{{cite news |last=Marlow |first=Jeffrey |title=The Science Laureate of the United States |url=https://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2013/05/the-science-laureate-of-the-united-states |access-date=September 12, 2013 |newspaper=Wired Magazine |date=May 9, 2013}}{{cite news |last=raatz |title=I nominated Neil deGrasse Tyson as U.S. Science Laureate |url=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2013/05/08/1207827/-I-nominate-Neil-deGrasse-Tyson-as-U-S-Science-Laureate |access-date=September 11, 2013 |newspaper=The Daily Kos |date=May 8, 2013}} On March 8, 2014, Tyson made a SXSW Interactive keynote presentation at the Austin Convention Center.{{cite web |url=http://www.austin360.com/weblogs/digital-savant/2014/mar/08/sxsw-keynote-conversation-dr-neil-degrasse-tyson/ |title=SXSW Keynote: A Conversation with Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson |last1=Gallaga |first1=Omar |date=March 8, 2014 |publisher=Austin360 |access-date=March 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125831/http://www.austin360.com/weblogs/digital-savant/2014/mar/08/sxsw-keynote-conversation-dr-neil-degrasse-tyson/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |url-status=dead }} On June 3, 2014, he co-reviewed Gravity in a CinemaSins episode.{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VzE6bKIKK3A |title=Everything Wrong With Gravity – With Neil deGrasse Tyson|website=YouTube|date=June 3, 2014 }} He made two more appearances with CinemaSins, co-reviewing Interstellar on September 29, 2015,{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mnArCFSrkg8 |title=Everything Wrong With Interstellar – With Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson|website=YouTube|date=September 29, 2015 }} and The Martian on March 31, 2016.{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HzNyMUuQfmE |title=Everything Wrong With The Martian – With Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson|website=YouTube|date=March 31, 2016 }}

In 2016, Tyson narrated and was a script supervisor for the science documentary Food Evolution, directed by Academy Award–nominated director Scott Hamilton Kennedy.{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-food-evolution-review-20170629-story.html|title=Documentary 'Food Evolution' turns to reason to discuss GMO controversy|last=Turan|first=Kenneth|date=June 29, 2017|website=Los Angeles Times|access-date=July 31, 2018}} In the same year, Tyson made a guest appearance on the Avenged Sevenfold album The Stage, where he delivered a monolog on the track "Exist".{{Citation |title=How Avenged Sevenfold wrote Exist |work=YouTube |publisher=Metal Hammer |date=December 8, 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PL3kaM-y4K0 |access-date=August 11, 2017}} In 2017, Tyson appeared on Logic's album Everybody as God, uncredited on various tracks, and credited on the song "AfricAryaN"{{cite web |last1=Sargent |first1=Jordan |title=Logic's Album, Which Features Neil deGrasse Tyson and Ansel Elgort, Seems Interesting? |url=https://www.spin.com/2017/04/logic-everybody-tracklist-neil-degrasse-tyson-ansel-elgort/ |website=spin.com |publisher=Billboard-Hollywood Reporter Media Group |access-date=September 25, 2017|date=April 11, 2017 }} as well as on "The Moon" on Musiq Soulchild's album Feel the Real.{{cite web |title=Musiq Soulchild Wants To 'Feel The Real' On Eighth Album |url=http://2dopeboyz.com/2017/09/14/musiq-soulchild-feel-the-real-album-stream/ |website=okayplayer.com |publisher=Complex Music |access-date=September 25, 2017}}

In 2018, Tyson made a second guest appearance on The Big Bang Theory as himself, together with fellow television personality Bill Nye, in the first episode of the show's final season ("The Conjugal Configuration").{{cite web|url=https://popculture.com/tv-shows/2018/09/24/big-bang-theory-bill-nye-neil-degrasse-tyson-welcomes-season-premiere/|publisher=Popculture|date=September 24, 2018|access-date=October 16, 2018|last=Hein|first=Michael|title='Big Bang Theory' Welcomes Bill Nye, Neil deGrasse Tyson in Season Premiere}} He also had guest appearances in Gravity Falls, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Zoolander 2, Ice Age: Collision Course, Family Guy, BoJack Horseman, The Simpsons, Salvation and Scooby-Doo and Guess Who?.{{Clear}}

Tyson lives in the Tribeca neighborhoodLouie, Elaine. [https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/09/style/possessed-stars-in-his-eyes-over-a-pen.html "POSSESSED; Stars In His Eyes Over A Pen"], The New York Times, March 9, 2003. Accessed April 30, 2017. "Neil de Grasse Tyson, an astrophysicist and the Frederick P. Rose director of the Hayden Planetarium, is a big guy. He stands 6-foot-2 and has hands that can palm a basketball. He speaks in a booming baritone. In his TriBeCa loft, he ambles around a space with 14-foot ceilings." of Lower Manhattan with his wife, Alice Young. They have two children, Miranda and Travis.{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/profile/about-neil-degrasse-tyson |title=Profile on Official Tyson website |publisher=Haydenplanetarium.org |access-date=February 3, 2012 |archive-date=November 14, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114222552/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/profile/about-neil-degrasse-tyson |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://vimeo.com/13115502|title=Dr Neil DeGrasse Tyson – TAM6|website=Vimeo|date=March 4, 2011 }} Neil met his wife in a physics class at the University of Texas at Austin. They married in 1988 and named their first child Miranda after the smallest of Uranus' five major moons.{{cite magazine |first=Patrick |last=Rogers |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20130585,00.html|title=Night Vision|magazine=People|publisher=Meredith Corporation |location=New York City|date=February 28, 2000|access-date=February 14, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222053806/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20130585,00.html |archive-date=February 22, 2014}} Tyson is a wine enthusiast whose collection was featured in the May 2000 issue of the Wine Spectator and the Spring 2005 issue of The World of Fine Wine.{{cite web |title=The Hayden Planetarium's Neil deGrasse Tyson takes a stellar stance on wine|url=http://www.winespectator.com/magazine/show/id/8671 |magazine=Wine Spectator |publisher=M. Shanken Communications |location=New York City |date=May 31, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-access=subscription }}

During November and December 2018, Tyson was accused of rape by a woman while an additional three women alleged inappropriate sexual advances.{{cite web|first=Azeen |last=Ghorayshi |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/azeenghorayshi/neil-degrasse-tyson-sexual-allegations-four-women|title=Nobody Believed Neil deGrasse Tyson's First Accuser. Now There Are Three More |website=BuzzFeed News|publisher=Buzzfeed Entertainment Group|location=New York City|date=December 5, 2018}}{{cite web |last=McAfee |first=David G. |date=November 8, 2018 |title=Exclusive: Neil deGrasse Tyson's Rape Accuser Gives First Public Interview |url=https://www.patheos.com/blogs/nosacredcows/2018/11/exclusive-neil-degrasse-tysons-rape-accuser-gives-first-public-interview/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130041916/https://www.patheos.com/blogs/nosacredcows/2018/11/exclusive-neil-degrasse-tysons-rape-accuser-gives-first-public-interview/ |archive-date=November 30, 2018 |website=Patheos.com}}{{cite web |last=McAfee |first=David G. |date=November 29, 2018 |title=Two More Women Accuse Neil deGrasse Tyson of Sexual Misconduct |url=https://www.patheos.com/blogs/nosacredcows/2018/11/two-more-women-accuse-neil-degrasse-tyson-of-sexual-misconduct/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130021036/https://www.patheos.com/blogs/nosacredcows/2018/11/two-more-women-accuse-neil-degrasse-tyson-of-sexual-misconduct/ |archive-date=November 30, 2018 |website=Patheos.com}} Tchiya Amet El Maat accused Tyson of drugging and raping her while both were graduate students at UT Austin in 1984.{{cite web |first=Anna |last=North |url=https://www.vox.com/identities/2018/12/6/18125457/neil-degrasse-tyson-tchiya-amet-ashley-watson|title=The sexual misconduct allegations against Neil deGrasse Tyson, explained|website=Vox|publisher=Cox Media|location=New York City|date=December 6, 2018 |access-date=January 26, 2019}} Katelyn Allers, a professor at Bucknell University, alleged Tyson touched her inappropriately at a 2009 American Astronomical Society gathering.{{cite news|first=Elizabeth A. |last=Harris |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/01/arts/neil-degrasse-tyson-sexual-misconduct.html|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Denies Misconduct Accusations|newspaper=The New York Times|location=New York City|date=December 1, 2018|access-date=January 26, 2019}}{{cite web |first1=Sarah|last1=Kaplan |first2=Ben|last2=Guarino |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2018/12/01/neil-degrasse-tyson-under-investigation-after-accusations-sexual-misconduct/|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson under investigation after accusations of sexual misconduct|newspaper=The Washington Post|publisher=Nash Holdings LLC |location=Washington, DC |date=December 1, 2018|access-date=January 26, 2019}} Ashley Watson, Tyson's assistant on Cosmos, alleged Tyson made inappropriate sexual advances to her in 2018 which led her to resign from the position days later. In what Tyson described as a Native American handshake, he held her hand and looked her in the eye for 10 seconds. When she left, he told her he wanted to hug her but would rather not in case he wanted more.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/26/arts/design/neil-degrasse-tyson-keeps-job.html|title=After Investigation, Neil deGrasse Tyson Will Keep His Job|last=Harris|first=Elizabeth|date=July 26, 2019|work=The New York Times|access-date=July 27, 2019}} A fourth anonymous woman alleged Tyson made inappropriate comments to her during a 2010 holiday party at the American Museum of Natural History. Tyson denied El Maat's rape accusation, while corroborating the basic facts around the situation of Allers and Watson's assertions, but claimed his actions were misinterpreted and apologized for any misunderstanding or offense.{{cite web |first=Kerensa|last=Cadenas |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2018/12/neil-degrasse-tyson-is-being-investigated-for-alleged-sexual-misconduct|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Denies Sexual Misconduct [Updated] |magazine=Vanity Fair|publisher=Condé Nast|location=New York City|date=December 1, 2018|access-date=January 26, 2019}}{{cite magazine |first=Shannon |last=Pal |url=https://slate.com/technology/2018/12/neil-degrasse-tyson-sexual-harassment-allegations-response.html|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson's Response to Allegations of Sexual Assault Is Self-Defeating |magazine=Slate Magazine |publisher=The Slate Group |location=San Francisco, California |date=December 4, 2018 |access-date=January 26, 2019 }}{{cite web |first=Neil |last=deGrasse Tyson |url=https://www.facebook.com/notes/neil-degrasse-tyson/on-being-accused/10156870826326613/ |title=On Being Accused |website=Facebook.com |date=December 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201230912/https://www.facebook.com/notes/neil-degrasse-tyson/on-being-accused/10156870826326613 |archive-date=December 1, 2018 }}

Fox, National Geographic, the Museum of Natural History, and the producers of Cosmos announced investigations, which Tyson said that he welcomed.{{cite web | last=Chavez | first=Nicole | title=Neil deGrasse Tyson denies sexual misconduct claims | website=CNN | date=December 2, 2018 | url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/12/02/us/neil-degrasse-tyson-patheos-allegations/index.html | access-date=October 12, 2019}} The National Geographic Channel announced on January 3, 2019, that they were putting further episodes of StarTalk on hiatus so as "to allow the investigation to occur unimpeded".{{cite news |title=Nat Geo Pulls Neil deGrasse Tyson's 'StarTalk' amid Misconduct Allegations |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/nat-geo-neil-degrasse-tyson-1203098611/ |magazine=Variety|publisher=Penske Media Corporation|location=Los Angeles, Angeles |date=January 3, 2019 |access-date=January 26, 2019 }}{{cite news |first=Elizabeth A.|last=Harris|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson's Show Is Pulled Amid Misconduct Allegations |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/03/arts/television/neil-degrasse-tyson-startalk.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York City|date=January 3, 2019|access-date=January 26, 2019}} The premiere of Cosmos: Possible Worlds, initially scheduled for March 3, 2019, was also delayed while the investigation continued.{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/cosmos-season-2-premiere-date-neil-degrasse-tyson-1203141146/ |title='Cosmos' Season 2 to Miss March Premiere Date as Neil deGrasse Tyson Investigation Continues |first=Joe |last=Otterson |date=February 15, 2019 |access-date=February 18, 2019 |work=Variety }} On March 15, 2019, both National Geographic and Fox announced, "The investigation is complete, and we are moving forward with both StarTalk and Cosmos," and that: "There will be no further comment." The networks affirmed that both StarTalk and Cosmos would resume, but that no date had been set.{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/neil-degrasse-tyson-cleared-nat-geo-investigation-1195140|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Cleared to Return to TV by Fox, Nat Geo|first=Rick|last=Porter|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=March 15, 2019|access-date=March 15, 2019}} In July, the American Museum of Natural History said that Neil deGrasse Tyson would keep his job as director of the Hayden Planetarium.

List of awards received by Tyson:"[http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/curriculum-vitae#honors Curriculum Vitae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101114929/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/curriculum-vitae#honors |date=January 1, 2012 }}". Hayden Planetarium (2015). Retrieved October 28, 2015.

• 2001 Medal of Excellence, Columbia University, New York City
• 2004 NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal
• 2005 Science Writing Award
• 2007 Klopsteg Memorial Award winner
• 2009 Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award from the Space Foundation for significant contributions to public awareness of space programs
• 2009 Isaac Asimov Award from the American Humanist Association{{cite web |url=http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/cv/honors |title=Assorted Honors |website=Hayden Planetarium |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111065037/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/cv/honors |archive-date=January 11, 2010}}
• 2014 Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Reality Show Host
• 2014 Dunlap Prize[http://dunlap.utoronto.ca/about/dunlap-prize/ Dunlap Prize]
• 2015 Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences{{cite web |url=http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/feb-26-2015-NASawards.html |title=Feb 26, 2015: Neil deGrasse Tyson to Receive Public Welfare Medal |website=nasonline.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150301210506/http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/feb-26-2015-NASawards.html |archive-date=March 1, 2015}}
• 2015 Cosmos Award, Planetary Society
• 2017 Hubbard Medal, National Geographic Society{{cite magazine |title=High Honors |magazine=National Geographic |date=July 2017 |volume=232 |issue=1 |page=152}}
• 2017 Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication, Starmus{{cite web |last=Weitering |first=Hanneke |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson Becomes 1st American to Receive Stephen Hawking Medal |website=Space.com |date=June 7, 2017 |url=https://www.space.com/37114-neil-tyson-receives-hawking-medal.html |access-date=March 5, 2021 }}
• 2018 Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album nomination for Astrophysics for People in a Hurry{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-grammys-2018-nominations-live-carrie-fisher-nets-grammy-nod-in-1511886397-htmlstory.html |title=Carrie Fisher Nets Grammy Nod in Spoken-Word Category, Faces Off with Springsteen and Bernie Sanders |last=Rodman |first=Sarah |date=November 28, 2017 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=November 28, 2017}}
• 2020 YouTube Gold Creator Award

• 2000 Sexiest Astrophysicist Alive, People magazine{{cite news |url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20132902,00.html |title=Neil De Grasse Tyson: Sexiest Astrophysicist |access-date=December 16, 2011 |volume=54 |number=20 |newspaper=People Magazine |date=November 13, 2000 }}
• 2001 asteroid named: 13123 Tyson, renamed from Asteroid 1994KA by the International Astronomical Union
• 2001 The Tech 100, voted by editors of Crain's Magazine to be among the 100 most influential technology leaders in New York
• 2004 Fifty Most Important African-Americans in Research Science"50 Of the Most Inspiring African Americans" (ed. Patricia Hinds), 2002, Essence Books (New York), p. 145.
• 2007 Harvard 100: Most Influential, Harvard Alumni magazine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
• 2007 The Time 100, voted by the editors of Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential persons in the world{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1595329_1616157,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070505052731/http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1595329_1616157,00.html |archive-date=May 5, 2007 |title=Neil deGrasse Tyson |first=Michael D. |last=Lemonick |author-link=Michael Lemonick |work=The Time 100 |access-date=June 7, 2009 |date=May 3, 2007 }}
• 2008 Discover Magazine selected him as one of "The 10 Most Influential People in Science"Kruglinski, Susan; Long, Marion (November 26, 2008). "[http://discovermagazine.com/2008/dec/26-the-10-most-influential-people-in-science The 10 Most Influential People in Science]". Discover magazine. Retrieved April 26, 2008.
• 2010 elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society{{cite web |url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/archive-all.cfm |title=APS Fellow Archive |website=APS.org }}

{{colbegin|colwidth=}}

• 1997 York College, City University of New York
• 2000 Ramapo College, Mahwah, New Jersey
• 2000 Dominican College, Orangeburg, New York
• 2001 University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia
• 2002 Bloomfield College, Bloomfield, New Jersey
• 2003 Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
• 2004 College of Staten Island, City University of New York
• 2006 Pace University, New York City
• 2007 Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts
• 2007 Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts
• 2008 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• 2008 Howard University, Washington, DC
• 2010 University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama
• 2010 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
• 2010 Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, Connecticut
• 2011 Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
• 2012 Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts
• 2012 Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts
• 2015 University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
• 2017 Baruch College, New York, New York
• 2018 Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut{{colend}}

• 2016 The leaping frog Indirana tysoni was named after him by Neelesh Dahanukar, Nikhil Modak, Keerthi Krutha, P. O. Nameer, Anand D. Padhye, and Sanjay Molur.{{Cite web|title=Indirana tysoni Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye & Molur, 2016|url=https://www.gbif.org/species/8767420|access-date=July 30, 2021|website=Gbif.org }}{{Cite Q| Q57537786}}

List of works by Tyson:"[http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/curriculum-vitae Curriculum Vitae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101114929/http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/curriculum-vitae |date=January 1, 2012 }}, HaydenPlanetarium.org; retrieved May 16, 2014.

File:Neil deGrasse Tyson.jpg by the James Randi Educational Foundation, 2008]]

• Merlin's Tour of the Universe (1st ed. 1989; 2nd ed. 1998). {{ISBN|0-385-48835-1}}.
• Universe Down to Earth (1994). {{ISBN|0-231-07560-X}}.
• Just Visiting This Planet (1998). {{ISBN|0-385-48837-8}}.
• One Universe: At Home in the Cosmos (2000). {{ISBN|0-309-06488-0}}.
• Cosmic Horizons: Astronomy at the Cutting Edge (2000). {{ISBN|1-56584-602-8}}.
• City of Stars: A New Yorker's Guide to the Cosmos (2002)
• My Favorite Universe (a 12-part lecture series) (2003). {{ISBN|1-56585-663-5}}.
• Origins: Fourteen Billion Years of Cosmic Evolution (co-authored with Donald Goldsmith) (2004). {{ISBN|0-393-32758-2}}.
• The Sky Is Not the Limit: Adventures of an Urban Astrophysicist (2004). {{ISBN|978-1-59102-188-9}}.
• Death by Black Hole: And Other Cosmic Quandaries (2007). {{ISBN|0-393-33016-8}}.
• The Pluto Files: The Rise and Fall of America's Favorite Planet (2009). {{ISBN|0-393-06520-0}}.
• Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier (2012). {{ISBN|0-393-08210-5}}.
• Welcome to the Universe: An Astrophysical Tour (co-authored with Michael A. Strauss and J. Richard Gott) (2016). {{ISBN|978-0691157245}}.
• Astrophysics for People in a Hurry (2017). {{ISBN|978-0-393-60939-4}}.
• Accessory to War: The Unspoken Alliance Between Astrophysics and the Military (2018, with Avis Lang). {{ISBN|0-393-06444-1}}.
• Letters from an Astrophysicist (2019). {{ISBN|978-1324003311}}.
• Cosmic Queries: StarTalk's Guide to Who We Are, How We Got Here, and Where We're Going (2021). {{ISBN|978-1-426-22177-4}}.
• Starry Messenger: Cosmic Perspectives on Civilization (2023). {{ISBN|978-1-250-86150-4}}.
• To Infinity and Beyond: A Journey of Cosmic Discovery (2023). {{ISBN|978-1-426-22330-3}}. Coauthored with Lindsey Nyx Walker.

• Twarog, Bruce A.; Tyson, Neil D. (1985). "UVBY Photometry of Blue Stragglers in NGC 7789". Astronomical Journal 90: 1247. doi:10.1086/113833.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Scalo, John M. (1988). "Bursting Dwarf Galaxies: Implications for Luminosity Function, Space Density, and Cosmological Mass Density". Astrophysical Journal 329: 618. doi:10.1086/166408.
• Tyson, Neil D. (1988). "On the possibility of Gas-Rich Dwarf Galaxies in the Lyman-alpha Forest". Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 329: L57. doi:10.1086/185176.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Rich, Michael (1991). "Radial Velocity Distribution and Line Strengths of 33 Carbon Stars in the Galactic Bulge". Astrophysical Journal 367: 547. doi:10.1086/169651.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Gal, Roy R. (1993). "An Exposure Guide for Taking Twilight Flatfields with Large Format CCDs". Astronomical Journal 105: 1206. doi:10.1086/116505.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Richmond, Michael W.; Woodhams, Michael; Ciotti, Luca (1993). "On the Possibility of a Major Impact on Uranus in the Past Century". Astronomy & Astrophysics (Research Notes) 275: 630.
• Schmidt, B. P., et al. (1994). "The Expanding Photosphere Method Applied to SN1992am at cz = 14600 km/s". Astronomical Journal 107: 1444.
• Wells, L. A. et al. (1994). "The Type Ia Supernova 1989B in NGC3627 (M66)". Astronomical Journal 108: 2233. doi:10.1086/117236.
• Hamuy, M. et al. (1996). "BVRI Light Curves For 29 Type Ia Supernovae". Astronomical Journal 112: 2408. doi:10.1086/118192.
• Lira, P. et al. (1998). "Optical light curves of the Type IA supernovae SN 1990N and 1991T". Astronomical Journal 116: 1006. doi:10.1086/300175.
• Scoville, N. et al. (2007). "The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS): Overview". Astrophysical Journal Supplement 172: 1. doi:10.1086/516585.
• Scoville, N. et al. (2007). "COSMOS: Hubble Space Telescope Observations". Astrophysical Journal Supplement 172: 38. doi:10.1086/516580.
• Liu, C. T.; Capak, P.; Mobasher, B.; Paglione, T. A. D.; Scoville, N. Z.; Tribiano, S. M.; Tyson, N. D. (2008). "The Faint-End Slopes of Galaxy Luminosity Functions in the COSMOS Field". Astrophysical Journal Letters 672: 198. doi:10.1086/522361.

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite journal |last1=Wells |first1=L.A.|display-authors=etal |year=1994 |title=The Type IA supernova 1989B in NGC 3627 (M66) |volume=108 |issue=6 |page=2233 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |bibcode=1994AJ....108.2233W |doi=10.1086/117236|doi-access=free }}}}

{{Commons category}}

{{Wikiquote}}

{{Library resources box|about=no|by=yes}}

• {{Official website}}
• [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/ PBS NOVA ScienceNOW with Neil deGrasse Tyson]
• [http://startalkradio.net/ Star Talk Radio Show hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson]
• {{IMDb name|1183205}}
• [http://billmoyers.com/2014/01/10/book-excerpt-the-sky-is-not-the-limit/ Excerpt from The Sky Is Not the Limit]. Moyers & Company, January 10, 2014.
• {{C-SPAN|50034}}
• Tyson hosted Youtube channel: {{Cite web |title=StarTalk |url=https://www.youtube.com/@StarTalk |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=YouTube |language=en}}

{{Neil deGrasse Tyson}}

{{Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Reality Show Host}}

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