:Porlamar
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Porlamar
|nicknames = Villa del Espíritu Santo ({{langx|en|House of the Holy Spirit}})
Pueblo de La Mar ({{langx|en|Village by the Sea}})
|image_skyline = Hotel Wyndham Concorde Resort Isla de Margarita, Porlamar Nueva Esparta, Venezuela 10.jpg
|imagesize = 280
|image_caption = Panoramic
|image_flag = Bandera santiagomarino.jpg
|image_seal =
|pushpin_map =Venezuela
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_type2 = Counties
|subdivision_type3 = Demonym
|subdivision_name = {{flagicon|Venezuela}} Venezuela
|subdivision_name1 = Nueva Esparta
|subdivision_name2 = Mariño
|subdivision_name3 = Porlamarense
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Alfredo Díaz
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_sq_mi =
|area_total_km2 =
|population_as_of = 2011
|population_total = 144,830
|population_urban =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_km2 =
|elevation_m = 10
|elevation_ft = 32
|coordinates = {{coord|10|57|N|63|51|W|region:VE|display=inline}}
|postal_code_type = Postal coded
|postal_code = 6301
|area_code_type = Area code
|area_code = 295
|blank1_name = Climate
|blank1_info = BSh
|website = [http://maneiro-nuevaesparta.gob.ve/ Municipality of Mariño]
|footnotes =
}}
Porlamar ({{IPA|es|poɾlaˈmaɾ}}) is the most populated city, major seaport and major center in the state of Nueva Esparta, Venezuela. It is situated on the southern coast of Margarita Island, one of three islands in the Caribbean Sea off the South American mainland which make up the state of Nueva Esparta,{{Cite web|url=http://www.freewebs.com/caranta/history.htm|title=History and Geography of Margarita|accessdate=17 May 2013|publisher=Freewebs.com}} at a distance of {{convert|6|mi|km|0|abbr=out}} from the state capital of La Asunción. Porlamar is the capital of Mariño, the most populous of the eleven municipalities into which the state of Nueva Esparta is divided.
History
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}
The city was founded as Puerto de la Mar (now Porlamar) on the southeast coast in 1536, less than 40 years after Christopher Columbus first sailed through. In 1561 it was briefly captured by the Latin American conquistador and rebel Lope de Aguirre. Aguirre and his men executed several of the town's residents, including its governor, and looted the royal treasury. Even after Aguirre's demise on the mainland, the beach in which he first landed on the island is still referred to as playa del Tirano (Tyrant's beach)
In 1680 the Council of the Indies ordered Juan Fermín de Huidobro to build a fortress with four bastions and a watchtower known as San Carlos Borromeo.{{sfn|Fermín de Huidobro, Juan: mcn}} Porlamar was a quiet fishing village until the arrival of air travel. Since then it has become the central hub of the island with shops, restaurants and nightlife supported mostly by European and Venezuelan tourism.
Demographics
Porlamar is home to about one-third of Margarita Island's population.
File:Hotel Wyndham Concorde Resort Isla de Margarita, Porlamar Nueva Esparta, Venezuela 9.jpg
Economy
Porlamar is Margarita Island's center of commerce. Since it was granted free-port status in 1973, its boutique-lined avenues have been crowded with tourists. In the late 1990s came the economic downfall hit Porlamar.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
Transportation
Del Caribe International General Santiago Marino Airport (PMV) in Porlamar has charter services to Europe and Colombia as well as scheduled passenger flights to destinations in Venezuela. It is located {{convert|20|km|mi|0}} southwest of the city center.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
Geography
Porlamar is situated on the southeast coast of Margarita Island on the bay of Guaraguao, which is shielded from northeast winds by Cabo El Morro. The city is bisected by the seasonal El Valle river.
=Climate=
Porlamar has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh) with hot day time temperatures and warm night time temperatures year round. Rainfall peaks from June to August and from November to February. Average sunshine hours are very consistent year round.{{Weather box|width = 65%
|location = Porlamar (1991–2020, extremes 1976–2020)
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C = 34.3
|Feb record high C = 34.7
|Mar record high C = 36.0
|Apr record high C = 36.9
|May record high C = 35.8
|Jun record high C = 35.2
|Jul record high C = 35.2
|Aug record high C = 36.0
|Sep record high C = 39.0
|Oct record high C = 36.0
|Nov record high C = 35.8
|Dec record high C = 35.3
|year record high C = 39.0
|Jan high C = 30.6
|Feb high C = 31.1
|Mar high C = 31.9
|Apr high C = 32.9
|May high C = 33.1
|Jun high C = 32.3
|Jul high C = 31.9
|Aug high C = 32.6
|Sep high C = 33.2
|Oct high C = 32.9
|Nov high C = 32.1
|Dec high C = 30.9
|year high C = 32.1
|Jan mean C = 25.9
|Feb mean C = 26.2
|Mar mean C = 26.9
|Apr mean C = 27.9
|May mean C = 28.4
|Jun mean C = 27.9
|Jul mean C = 27.7
|Aug mean C = 28.2
|Sep mean C = 28.7
|Oct mean C = 28.4
|Nov mean C = 27.7
|Dec mean C = 26.5
|year mean C = 27.5
|Jan low C = 23.0
|Feb low C = 23.2
|Mar low C = 23.8
|Apr low C = 24.7
|May low C = 25.3
|Jun low C = 25.1
|Jul low C = 24.9
|Aug low C = 25.3
|Sep low C = 25.7
|Oct low C = 25.5
|Nov low C = 24.8
|Dec low C = 23.7
|year low C = 24.6
|Jan record low C = 19.0
|Feb record low C = 19.3
|Mar record low C = 19.2
|Apr record low C = 20.3
|May record low C = 21.4
|Jun record low C = 21.8
|Jul record low C = 21.9
|Aug record low C = 21.2
|Sep record low C = 20.9
|Oct record low C = 21.9
|Nov record low C = 19.9
|Dec record low C = 18.8
|year record low C = 18.8
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 33.9
|Feb rain mm = 19.8
|Mar rain mm = 14.1
|Apr rain mm = 10.5
|May rain mm = 19.8
|Jun rain mm = 58.9
|Jul rain mm = 65.7
|Aug rain mm = 77.7
|Sep rain mm = 48.5
|Oct rain mm = 58.8
|Nov rain mm = 61.9
|Dec rain mm = 57.2
|year rain mm = 526.8
|unit rain days = 1.0 mm
|Jan rain days = 6.6
|Feb rain days = 3.6
|Mar rain days = 2.0
|Apr rain days = 1.6
|May rain days = 2.8
|Jun rain days = 7.9
|Jul rain days = 9.0
|Aug rain days = 9.2
|Sep rain days = 6.3
|Oct rain days = 7.0
|Nov rain days = 8.1
|Dec rain days = 7.3
|year rain days = 71.4
|Jan humidity = 87
|Feb humidity = 87
|Mar humidity = 85
|Apr humidity = 84
|May humidity = 86
|Jun humidity = 87
|Jul humidity = 87
|Aug humidity = 85
|Sep humidity = 84
|Oct humidity = 85
|Nov humidity = 86
|Dec humidity = 87
|year humidity = 86
|Jan sun = 285.2
|Feb sun = 259.9
|Mar sun = 282.1
|Apr sun = 255.0
|May sun = 260.4
|Jun sun = 237.0
|Jul sun = 260.4
|Aug sun = 279.0
|Sep sun = 270.0
|Oct sun = 272.8
|Nov sun = 270.0
|Dec sun = 269.7
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 9.2
|Febd sun = 9.2
|Mard sun = 9.1
|Aprd sun = 8.5
|Mayd sun = 8.4
|Jund sun = 7.9
|Juld sun = 8.4
|Augd sun = 9.0
|Sepd sun = 9.0
|Octd sun = 8.8
|Novd sun = 9.0
|Decd sun = 8.7
|yeard sun = 8.8
|source 1 = NOAA{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240218040752/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Venezuela/CSV/Porlamar_80421.csv
| archive-date = 18 February 2024
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Venezuela/CSV/Porlamar_80421.csv
| title = Porlamar Climate Normals 1991–2020
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 17 February 2024}}
|source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity and sun 1976–1990)
{{cite web
| url = https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_804210_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Porlamar / Insel Margarita / Venezuela
| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = de
| access-date = 3 February 2019}}
}}
| style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |
| Colspan=14|Climate data for Porlamar, Margarita Island |
|---|
| Month
!Jan !Feb !Mar !Apr !May !Jun !Jul !Aug !Sep !Oct !Nov !Dec !style="border-left-width:medium"|Year |
| Average sea temperature °C (°F)
|style="background:#FF6200;color:#FFFFFF;"|25.0 |style="background:#FF6F00;color:#FFFFFF;"|24.0 |style="background:#FF6F00;color:#FFFFFF;"|24.0 |style="background:#FF6200;color:#FFFFFF;"|25.0 |style="background:#FF6200;color:#FFFFFF;"|25.0 |style="background:#FF5000;color:#FFFFFF;"|26.0 |style="background:#FF5000;color:#FFFFFF;"|26.0 |style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|27.0 |style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|27.0 |style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|27.0 |style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|27.0 |style="background:#FF5000;color:#FFFFFF;"|26.0 |style="background:#FF6200;color:#FFFFFF;border-left-width:medium"|25.75 |
| Mean daily daylight hours
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|13.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|13.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|13.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|11.0 |style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|12.16 |
| Average Ultraviolet index
|style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;"|10 |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11+ |style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;"|10 |style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;"|10 |style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|11 |
| Colspan=14 style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;"|Source: Weather 2 Travel{{cite web |url=https://www.weather2travel.com/venezuela/isla-margarita/climate/ |title=Margarita Island – Monthly weather forecast and Climate data |publisher=Weather2Travel |access-date=28 November 2023 }} |
Twin cities
- {{flagicon|Mexico}} Cancún, Mexico
- {{flagicon|Colombia}} Cartagena, Colombia
- {{flagicon|USA}} Miami, USA
Notable people
- Jihad Ayoub (born 1995), Lebanese footballer{{GSA player|jihad-ayoub/383193|access-date=23 November 2021}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/02/19/TRGDIH9AG81.DTL San Francisco Chronicle article]
{{Isla Margarita}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Cities in Nueva Esparta
Category:Populated places established in 1536