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1204

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{{About year|1204}}

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{{C13 year in topic}}Year 1204 (MCCIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

Events

  • January 27–28 – Byzantine emperor Alexios IV Angelos is overthrown in a revolution.{{O City of Byzantium|pages=307–338}}
  • February 5 – Alexios V Doukas is crowned Byzantine emperor.{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/31064036 |first=David |last=Savignac|year=2020|title=The Medieval Russian Account of the Fourth Crusade - A New Annotated Translation}} (Novgorod Chronicle)Image:ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg
  • April 12 – Sack of Constantinople: Crusaders enter Constantinople by storm and start pillaging the city as part of the Fourth Crusade. Forces of the Republic of Venice seize the antique statues that will become the horses of Saint Mark.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0NpWFGvA5VQC&pg=PA195|title=The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople|last1=Queller|first1=Donald E.|last2=Madden|first2=Thomas F.|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=1997|isbn=9780812217131|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=195|language=en}}
  • May 16 – Baldwin, Count of Flanders, is crowned emperor of the Latin Empire a week after his election by the members of the Fourth Crusade.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KOJ5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA127|title=The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204-1228)|last=Tricht|first=Filip Van|publisher=BRILL|year=2011|isbn=9789004203921|series=The Medieval Mediterranean: Peoples, Economies and Cultures, 400 - 1500|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=50, 127|language=en|translator-last=Peter Longbottom}}
  • Theodore I Laskaris flees to Nicaea after the capture of Constantinople, and establishes the Empire of Nicaea; Byzantine successor states are also established in Epirus and Trebizond.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JlnPm2riK1UC&pg=PA351|title=The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204-1228)|last=Tricht|first=Filip Van|publisher=BRILL|year=2011|isbn=9789004203235|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=351|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lhDPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA121|title=A History of Greece: From Its Conquest by the Romans to the Present Time, B.C. 146 to A.D. 1864|last=Finlay|first=George|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1877|volume=IV: Mediaeval Greece and the empire of Trebizond, A.D. 1204-1461|pages=121|language=en}}
  • Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat, a leader of the Fourth Crusade, founds the Kingdom of Thessalonica.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Gm79HuBY0cC&pg=PA21|title=The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571|last=Setton|first=Kenneth Meyer|publisher=American Philosophical Society|year=1976|isbn=9780871691149|series=Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society: 114|volume=I: The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=21|language=en}}
  • The writings of French theologian Amalric of Bena are condemned by the University of Paris and Pope Innocent III.{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=luhgDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA275|title=Violence and Non-Violence across Time: History, Religion and Culture|last=Ciucu|first=Cristina|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2018|isbn=9780429880933|editor-last=Chandra|editor-first=Sudhir|location=London and New York|pages=275|language=en|chapter=Being Truthful to 'Reality'. Grounds of non-violence in ascetic and mystical traditions.}}
  • Tsar Kaloyan is recognized as king of Bulgaria by Pope Innocent III, after the creation of the Bulgarian Uniate church.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=euDAU2eb3h8C&pg=PA227|title=Dualist Heresy in the Middle Ages|last=Loos|first=Milan|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=1974|isbn=9789024716739|location=Prague|pages=227|language=en}}
  • Valdemar II of Denmark is recognized as king in Norway.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=133bkwvienYC&pg=PA137|title=The Growth of Scandinavian Law|last=Orfield|first=Lester B.|publisher=The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd.|year=2002|isbn=9781584771807|location=Union, NJ|pages=137|language=en}}
  • Angers and Normandy are captured by Philip II of France.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEQrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA33|title=Routledge Revivals: Medieval France (1995): An Encyclopedia|last1=Kibler|first1=William W.|last2=Zinn|first2=Grover A.|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2016|isbn=9781351665667|location=New York and London|pages=33|language=en|orig-year=1995}}{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P5DgDQAAQBAJ&q=philip+II+1204+angers+normandy&pg=PA178|title=The Cult of St Thomas Becket in the Plantagenet World, C.1170-c.1220|last=Jordan|first=Alyce A.|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|year=2016|isbn=9781783271610|editor-last=Webster|editor-first=Paul|pages=178|language=en|chapter=The St Thomas Becket Windows at Angers and Coutances: Devotion, Subversion and the Scottish Connection|editor2-last=Gelin|editor2-first=Marie-Pierre}}
  • The Cistercian convent of Port-Royal-des-Champs is established.{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oyk_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA174|title=Everyday Life and the Sacred: Re/configuring Gender Studies in Religion|last=Berlis|first=Angela|publisher=BRILL|year=2017|isbn=9789004353794|editor-last=Berlis|editor-first=Angela|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=174|language=en|chapter=The Power of Place: Port-Royal, a Wounded Place Transfigured|editor2-last=Korte|editor2-first=Anne-Marie|editor3-last=Biezeveld|editor3-first=Kune}}
  • The district of Cham becomes subject to Bavaria.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EDlSAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA467|title=Bavaria: Landes- und Volkskunde des Königreichs Bayern : mit einer Uebersichtskarte des diesseitigen Bayerns in 15 Blättern. Oberpfalz und Regensburg, Schwaben und Neuburg; Abth. 1, Oberpfalz und Regensburg. 2,1|last=Heyberger|first=Joseph|publisher=Cotta|year=1863|location=Munich|pages=467|language=de}}
  • Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia submits to Philip of Swabia.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0aGXCgAAQBAJ&q=Landgrave+Hermann+I+Philip+of+Swabia+1204&pg=PA91|title=Vladislaus Henry: The Formation of Moravian Identity|last=Wihoda|first=Martin|publisher=BRILL|year=2015|isbn=9789004303836|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=91|language=en}}
  • Beaulieu Abbey is founded.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uNOIBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1208-IA31|page=1208|title=King John: England, Magna Carta and the Making of a Tyrant|last=Church|first=Stephen|publisher=Pan Macmillan|year=2015|isbn=9780230772465|location=Basingstoke and Oxford|language=en}}
  • The Channel Islands of Guernsey and Jersey decide, after a plebiscite of wealthy land owners, to remain with the English crown, after Normandy is recaptured by Philip II of France.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ewzACwAAQBAJ&pg=PA90|title=A Study of Mixed Legal Systems: Endangered, Entrenched or Blended|last1=Farran|first1=Sue|last2=Örücü|first2=Esin|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=9781317186496|location=London and New York|pages=90|language=en}}

Births

  • April 14 – Henry I, king of Castile (d. 1217){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j0k7AQAAIAAJ&q=Henry+I+of+Castile+born&pg=PA1166|title=Universal Pronouncing Dictionary of Biography and Mythology|last=Thomas|first=Joseph|publisher=J.B. Lippincott and Company|year=1870|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=1166|language=en}}
  • Haakon IV of Norway (d. 1263){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PEsM1ibpcJQC&q=haakon+IV+1204&pg=PA218|title=Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen|last1=Wise|first1=Leonard F.|last2=Hansen|first2=Mark Hillary|last3=Egan|first3=E. W.|publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.|year=2005|isbn=9781402725920|location=New York|pages=218|language=en}}
  • Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia (d. 1247){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IpYz-JIpjR8C&q=1204+Henry+Raspe&pg=PA1078|title=Reassessing the Roles of Women as 'Makers' of Medieval Art and Architecture (2 Vol. Set)|publisher=BRILL|year=2012|isbn=9789004185555|editor-last=Martin|editor-first=Therese|series=Visualizing the Middle Ages|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=1078|language=en}}
  • Maria of Courtenay, Empress regent of Nicaea (d. 1228)
  • Alice of Schaerbeek (d. 1250){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fj19CAAAQBAJ&q=Alice+of+Schaerbeek+1204&pg=PA366|title=Historical Dictionary of Brussels|last=State|first=Paul F.|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2015|isbn=9780810879218|location=Lanham, Boulder, New York, Toronto, Plymouth|pages=30|language=en}}

Deaths

  • January 1 – King Haakon III of Norway
  • January – Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine emperor{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZOSBwAAQBAJ&q=isaac+II+angelos+1204&pg=PA216|title=Fighting Emperors of Byzantium|last=Carr|first=John|publisher=Pen and Sword|year=2015|isbn=9781473856400|location=Barnsley|pages=269|language=en}}
  • February 8 – Alexios IV Angelos, Byzantine emperor{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p_mazcfdpVIC&q=1204+Alexios+V&pg=PA316|title=Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean After 1204|last=Saint-Guillain|first=Guillaume|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|year=2011|isbn=9781409410980|editor-last=Herrin|editor-first=Judith|location=Surrey and Burlington, VT|pages=274|language=en|chapter=Tales of San Marco: Venetian Historiography and Thirteenth-century Byzantine Prosopography|editor2-last=Saint-Guillain|editor2-first=Guillaume}}
  • April 1 – Eleanor of Aquitaine, Sovereign Duchess Regnant of Aquitaine, queen of France and England{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Q0e6QZCgOAC&q=1204+Eleanor+of+aquitaine&pg=PA138|title=Eleanor of Aquitaine: Heroine of the Middle Ages|last=Koestler-Grack|first=Rachel A.|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2005|isbn=9781438104164|location=Philadelphia, PA|pages=138|language=en}}
  • August 11 – King Guttorm of Norway{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o9uKAXxNj80C&q=1204+guttorm+norway&pg=PA2|title=Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen of the British Isles|last=Þórðarson|first=Sturla|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2012|isbn=9781108052498|volume=4: The Saga of Hacon, and a Fragment of the Saga of Magnus, with Appendices|location=Cambridge and New York|pages=2|language=en|translator-last=George Webbe Dasent|chapter=The Saga of Hacon, Hacon's Son}}
  • August 14 – Minamoto no Yoriie, Japanese shōgun (b. 1182){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmYYAgAAQBAJ&q=1204+Minamoto+no+Yoriie&pg=PA257|title=Historical Dictionary of Japan to 1945|last=Henshall|first=Kenneth|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2013|isbn=9780810878723|location=Lanham, Toronto, Plymouth|pages=257|language=en}}
  • September 30 or November 30 – Emeric, King of Hungary (b. 1174){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zNEmDAAAQBAJ&q=1204+Emeric%2C+King+of+Hungary&pg=PT57|title=Medieval East Central Europe in a Comparative Perspective: From Frontier Zones to Lands in Focus|last1=Jaritz|first1=Gerhard|last2=Szende|first2=Katalin|publisher=Routledge|year=2016|isbn=9781317212249|location=London and New York|language=en}}
  • c. October 21 – Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester, English nobleman{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iygmDwAAQBAJ&q=1204+Robert+de+Beaumont+Leicester&pg=PT1066|title=England under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075-1225|last=Bartlett|first=Robert|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=9780192547378|location=Oxford and New York|language=en|orig-year=2000}}
  • November – Ban Kulin, ruler of Bosnia (b. 1163){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qPkkDwAAQBAJ&q=1204+Ban+Kulin&pg=PA260|title=Bosnia & Herzegovina 5|last=Clancy|first=Tim|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2017|isbn=9781784770181|location=Chalfont St Peter and Guilford|pages=260|language=en|orig-year=2004}}
  • December 12 (or December 13) – Maimonides, Spanish rabbi and philosopher (b. 1135){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UncLjJggeQgC&q=1204+Maimonides&pg=PR15|title=Maimonides: A Guide for Today's Perplexed|last=Seeskin|first=Kenneth|publisher=Behrman House, Inc|year=1991|isbn=9780874415094|location=Millburn, NJ|pages=xv|language=en}}
  • December 22 – Fujiwara no Shunzei, Japanese waka poet (b. 1114){{cite web |title=Fujiwara Shunzei {{!}} Japanese poet and critic |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fujiwara-Shunzei |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}
  • date unknown – Suleiman II, Sultan of Rûm{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YPC1HhQUoksC&q=1204+Suleiman+II+Rum&pg=PA394|title=Ephesus (Ephesos): An Abbreviated History from Androclus to Constantine XI|last=Laale|first=Hans Willer|publisher=WestBow Press|year=2011|isbn=9781449716189|location=Bloomington, IN|pages=394|language=en}}
  • probable – Amalric of Bena, French theologian{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6LJ3DAAAQBAJ&q=1204+Amalric+of+Bena&pg=PT101|title=Philosophy of One on the Many|last=Eleyot|first=Lawrence|publisher=AuthorHouse|year=2016|isbn=9781524635817|location=Bloomington, IN|language=en}}

References

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