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1250

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}

{{About year|1250|the character encoding (codepage)|Windows-1250}}

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Year 1250 (MCCL) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

= By place =

== World ==

  • The world population is estimated at between 400 and 416 million individuals.
  • World climate transitions from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age.{{cite book|first1=Emmanuel|last1=Le Roy Ladurie|title=Times of Feast, Times of Famine: a History of Climate Since the Year 1000|publisher=Doubleday|location=Garden City, NY|year=1971|oclc=164590|first2=Barbara|last2=Bray|isbn=0-374-52122-0}}

== Europe ==

== Asia ==

== Africa ==

  • April 8 – Battle of Fariskur: Louis IX (the Saint) is captured by Baibars' Mamluk army while he is in Egypt conducting the Seventh Crusade; he later has to ransom himself.
  • April 30 – King Louis IX (the Saint) is released by his Egyptian captors after paying a ransom of one million dinars and turning over the city of Damietta.
  • May 2 – Al-Muazzam Turanshah, Ayyubid ruler of Egypt, is murdered, ending effective Ayyubid Dynasty rule in the country. He is briefly succeeded by his widow, Sultana Shajar al-Durr.{{cite book|last=Humphreys|first=R. Stephen|title=From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus 1193-1260|location=Albany|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1977|isbn=9780873952637}}
  • July 21 – Aybak becomes ruler of Egypt, beginning the Bahri Dynasty of the Mamluk Sultanate. After 5 days he stands down and the six-year-old Al-Ashraf Musa is nominally proclaimed sultan.
  • The Welayta state is founded in modern-day Ethiopia.
  • In Tunis, a popular rebellion against newly arrived, wealthy and influential Andalusian refugees breaks out, and is violently put down.{{cite book|last=de Epalza|first=Miguel|title=Negotiating cultures: bilingual surrender treaties in Muslim-Crusader Spain under James the Conqueror|year=1999|publisher=Brill|isbn=90-04-11244-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IjFacnscoBIC&q=Treaty+of+Alcaraz+1243|page=106}}
  • The Hafsid caliph al-Mustansir enforces laws of ghiyar, or differentiation for non-Muslims. As such, Jews have to wear a distinguishing badge (shikla) which Tunisian Jews will have to wear into the nineteenth century.{{cite book |last1=Stillman |first1=Norman |title=Arab Dress, A Short History: From the Dawn of Islam to Modern Times |date=8 June 2022 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-49162-5 |pages=113–114|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YUB0EAAAQBAJ |access-date=3 October 2024 |language=en}}{{cite book |last1=Joffé |first1=George |title=Routledge Handbook on the Modern Maghrib |date=20 November 2023 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-429-99964-2 |page=328 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=243ZEAAAQBAJ |access-date=3 October 2024 |language=en}}

== Oceania ==

= By topic =

== Markets ==

  • The Flemish town of Douai emits the first recorded redeemable annuities in medieval Europe, confirming a trend of consolidation of local public debt started in 1218, in Rheims.{{cite book|last=Zuijderduijn|first=Jaco|title=Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550)|year=2009|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden/Boston|isbn=978-90-04-17565-5}}
  • The Sienese bankers belonging to the firm known as the Gran Tavola, under the steering of the Bonsignori Brothers, become the main financiers of the Papacy.{{cite web|last=Catoni|first=Giuliano|title=Bonsignori|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/bonsignori_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|work=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani|access-date=20 December 2011}}

Births

Deaths

References

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