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1312

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File:Rozgony Battle.jpg, Chronicon Pictum]]

{{C14 year in topic}}

Year 1312 (MCCCXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

=January – March=

=April – June=

  • April 4 – At the Council of Vienne in France, a future Christian Crusade against a Muslim nation is approved by the 180 participants in the 15th Roman Catholic ecumenical council (including 20 cardinals and 122 bishops), convened by Pope Clement V. While agreeing that a Crusade should take place within one year, the parties disagree over where it should take place, with suggestions of attacking the Spanish Emirate of Granada, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, or the Sultanate of Egypt. Although tithes will be collected from Catholic churches to support the venture, the proposed crusade never takes place.Sophia Menache, Clement V (Cambridge University Press, 1998) p.115
  • April 10 – The threat of a takeover by the Kingdom of France against the sovereign French Archdiocese of Lyon is ended when the Archbishop Pierre de Savoie signs a treaty granting King Philip the Fair the authority to administer the Lyon courts and law enforcement system."Lyons", by Pierre-Louis-Théophile-Georges Goyau, in The Catholic Encyclopedia, ed. by Charles Herbermann (Robert Appleton Company, 1910)
  • April 14 – In Germany, Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen signs the Treaty of Tangermünde after having been captured by Waldemar the Great of Brandenburg. Under the treaty, Meissen cedes its territory between the Elbe River and the Elster River to Brandenburg, and Frederick the Brave pays 32,000 silver coins to Waldemar.Karl Friedrich von Klöden, Diplomatische Geschichte des Markgrafen Waldemar von Brandenburg vom Jahre 1295 bis 1323 ("Diplomatic History of Margrave Waldemar of Brandenburg from 1295 to 1323") (M. Simion, 1844) p. 109
  • May 1 – Mladen II Šubić of Bribir becomes the new Ban of Croatia upon the death of his father, Paul I Šubić.
  • May 2 – Pope Clement V orders the confiscation of all property of the Knights Templar in the papal bull Ad providam.
  • May 4 – Edward II and Piers Gaveston are at Newcastle upon Tyne when they are alerted to the news of an English force under Henry Percy and Robert Clifford is heading for them. They manage to escape to Scarborough Castle.Maddicot, J. R. (1970). Thomas of Lancaster, 1307–1322, pp. 123–124. Oxford: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-19-821712-1}}.
  • May 6 – The Council of Vienne (convened in the southeastern French town of Vienne, in the modern-day département of Isère) is closed by Pope Clement V almost seven months after opening on October 16. During its session, the Knights Templar organization was outlawed, the matter of a posthumous trial against the late Pope Boniface VIII was tabled and forgotten about, and a pledge was made to raise tithes and offerings for a new crusade to someday be made against the Muslims. A medieval historian, John of Saint-Victor, writes later that "It was said by many that the council was created for the purpose of extorting money."Malcolm Barber, The Trial of the Templars (Cambridge University Press, 2012a) pp. 259-271
  • May 13 – Frederick IV becomes the new Duke of Lorraine upon the death of his father, Theobald II.
  • May 19 – Scarborough Castle is captured by English forces under the command of Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke after a two week siege with the surrender of Piers Gaveston, after Aymer gives his word that Gaveston will not be harmed.
  • May 28 – After the Emir Abu al-Juyush Nasr of Granada asks for help from King Ferdinand IV of Castile, the Kingdom of Castile's forces, commanded by Peter of Castile, Lord of Cameros, Ferdinand's son of King Sancho IV, defeats the rebel Granadan Governor of Malaga, Abu Said Faraj in battle. Abu Said is allowed to retain his post as Governor of Málaga and resumes paying tributes to the Emir.Joseph F. O'Callaghan, The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011)
  • June 15 – Battle of Rozgony: Hungarian forces led by King Charles I defeat the family of Palatine Amadeus Aba near Rozgony. During the battle, Charles losses his royal standard, but is reinforced by German mercenaries from Košice (now part of the Republic of Slovakia). The rebel army is routed, and Charles extends his power base in Hungary. His position is secured and resistance (reduced by the magnates' opposition) against Charles' rule comes to an end.Rady, Martyn C. (2000). Nobility, land and service in medieval Hungary, p. 51. University of London. {{ISBN|978-0-333-80085-0}}.
  • June 19 – One month after surrendering Scarborough Castle to the Earl of Pembroke and having his life spared, Piers Gaveston is executed at Blacklow Hill after having been taken hostage by Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick and put in a dungeon at Warwick Castle.Hamilton , J. S. (1988). Piers Gaveston, Earl of Cornwall, 1307–1312: Politics and Patronage in the Reign of Edward II, pp. 92-93. Detroit; London: Wayne State University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8143-2008-2}}.
  • June 29 – Henry VII is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in the Lateran Palace, since St Peter's Basilica is occupied by Romans hostile to him.

=July – September=

=October – December=

By place (date unknown)

=Europe=

  • Battle of Amorgos: A Knights Hospitaller fleet intercepts and destroys a Turkish fleet near the island of Amorgos. During the battle, all 23 Turkish ships are burnt.Lock Peter (2013). The Routledge Companion to the Crusades, p. 125. Routledge. {{ISBN|9781135131371}}.
  • Winter – Battle of Gallipoli: A combined Byzantine-Serbian force (supported by a Genoese fleet) defeats the Turcopoles (some 2,000 men) at Gallipoli.Nicol, Donald M (1993). The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453, p. 139. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-43991-6}}.

== Middle East ==

== Africa ==

  • Mansa Musa becomes ruler of the Mali Empire, guiding his realm through its prosperous years, enhancing trade, expanding borders and sponsoring mosques (approximate date).
  • The Canary Islands are "rediscovered" by Lancelotto Malocello, Genoese navigator, who sails to Lanzarote, and remains there for almost two decades.Bernard Grun, The Timetables of History, p. 185. Simon & Schuster, 3rd ed, 1991. {{ISBN|0671749196}}.

Births

Deaths

References

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