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1318

{{About year|1318}}

File:Emperor-Go-Daigo-by-Ogata-Gekko-1904.png becomes the 96th emperor of Japan]]

{{Year nav|1318}}

{{C14 year in topic}}

Year 1318 (MCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

= January – March =

  • January 23 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Gloriosam ecclesiam, excommunicating the Fraticelli, or Spiritual Franciscans from the Roman Catholic Church. The group is known for pursuing strictly the Franciscan ideal of Apostolic poverty and attempting to force others to do so. The Pope cites as reasons for the excommunication that the adherents are guilty of making accusations of corruption, against the Church, denial of the authority of priests, refusal to take oaths to the church, teaching that priests could not confer sacraments, and claiming to be the only group to be true observers of the Gospel."Fraticelli", in Historical Dictionary of Radical Christianity, by William H. Brackney (Scarecrow Press, 2012) p.131
  • January 26 – Sir Gilbert Middleton, an English knight who had rebelled against King Edward II and kidnapped the Bishop of Durham on September 1, is convicted of treason and then executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered."Middleton, Sir Gilbert", by Michael Prestwich, in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
  • February 12 – In Italy, Cangrande I della Scala, Lord of Verona successfully takes Padua. Led by Jacopo I da Carrara, the Paduan Greater Council agrees to cede the territories of Monselice, Este, Castelbaldo and Montagnana to Cangrande for life.A. M. Allen, A History of Verona (Methuen & Co., 1910)
  • February 14 – In Germany, Henry II becomes the new Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal upon the death of his father Henry Lackland.
  • March 27 – King Philip of France and Navarre reaches an agreement with the Capetian House of Burgundy to settle dissatisfaction over his claim of the crown as the brother of the late Louis X, ahead of Joan of Burgundy, the 4-year-old daughter of Louis X. King Philip agrees that Joan will arrange for Joan to eventually become the Queen of Navarre.Elena Woodacre, The Queens Regnant of Navarre: Succession, Politics, and Partnership, 1274-1512 (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013) p.55
  • March 29 – (Bunpō 2, 26th day of 2nd month) Japan's Emperor Hanazono abdicates the throne after a 9-year reign. He is succeeded by his cousin, Go-Daigo, who will rule until 1339).Varley, H. Paul (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns, p. 240. New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-231-04940-5}}.

= April – June =

  • April 1
  • Pope John XXII creates the Archdiocese of Soltaniyeh (now located in northwestern Iran), bringing the Roman Catholic hierarchy to the Ilkhanate in Persia, with the Dominican missionary Francesco da Perugia (Francon de Perouse) as the first Archbishop.Robin E. Waterfield, Christians in Persia: Assyrians, Armenians, Roman Catholics and Protestants (Taylor & Francis, 2018) p.53Norman P. Zacour and Harry W. Hazard, A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on the Near East (University of Wisconsin Press, 1985) p.495 Francesco and six bishops arrive on August 1.
  • After the appointment of Guglielmo di Balaeto as rector by Pope John XXII with broad powers before the city of Benevento, the inhabitants rise against the Pope and demand some political autonomy. Finally, the rebellion is crushed by papal forces.Le Pergamene di Sezze (1181–1347): Documenti (Società romana di storia patria, 1989) p.371{{cite journal|last=Uginet|first=F.|title=La vie à l'abbaye de Sainte-Sophie de Bénévent dans la première moitié du XIVe siècle|journal=Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire|year=1968|series=80|volume=80|issue=2|pages=681–704|doi=10.3406/mefr.1968.7564}}
  • April 2 – After a two-day battle, Scottish forces under James the Black retake Berwick-upon-Tweed. The fall of Berwick is a severe blow for King Edward II, and its loss is compounded by the fall of the Northumbrian castles of Wark-on-Tweed (Carham Castle), Harbottle and Mitford.Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 83. {{ISBN|1-85532-609-4}}.
  • April 16 – An agreement with Birger, King of Sweden is made to release his two brothers Valdemar, Duke of Finland and Eric Magnusson, Duke of Södermanland, who had been imprisoned at Nyköping Castle since December 10. The treaty is brokered by Valdemar's wife Ingeborg Eriksdottir of Norway and Eric's wife, Princess Ingeborg of Norway, who pledge for Valdemar and Eric to renounce all claims to the Swedish throne. However, Valdemar and Eric have already died inside the prison, and the discovery leads to a rebellion against King Birger.
  • April 30 – The coronation ceremony of Go-Daigo as Emperor of Japan is held.
  • May 7 – At the marketplace in the French city of Marseille, four of the most defiant members of the Fraticelli (or Spiritual Franciscans) are found guilty of heresy and burned at the stake.David Burr, Olivi and Franciscan Poverty: The Origins of the Usus Pauper Controversy (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017) p. ixHywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 157. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.
  • May 10 – Battle of Dysert O'Dea: An Irish confederation defeats the Hiberno-Normans under Richard de Clare. During the battle, some 500 men are killed, along with 80 English nobles.
  • May – Having captured Berwick-upon-Tweed, Scottish forces under King Robert the Bruce raid Yorkshire and burn Northallerton, Boroughbridge and Knaresborough (where some 140 houses are destroyed). They also terrorize the citizens of Ripon, who are spared destruction, on payment of 1,000 marks.Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 86. {{ISBN|1-85532-609-4}}.
  • June 11 – John Hotham is appointed as the Lord Chancellor of England, the highest ranking office for a member of parliament, by King Edward II.E. B. Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology (Cambridge University Press, 1996) p. 86
  • June 12 – Russians destroy areas of Finland and burn Kuusisto castle in 1318. They rob Turku on the 12th of June.
  • June 13 – Robert, King of Naples delivers an ultimatum to Matilda of Hainaut, ruler of the Greek Principality of Achaea, to accept marriage to John of Gravina or to lose her right to rule."The Morea, 1311–1364", by Peter Topping, in A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, ed. by Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975) p.115
  • June 18 – The arranged marriage of 6-year-old Joan of Burgundy and 12-year-old Philip of Navarre is held as part of a contract for Joan and Philip to eventually become the co-monarchs of Navarre. The two will succeed to the monarchy in 1328.
  • June 27 – The reign of King Birger of Sweden ends as supporters of his late brothers, Valdemar and Eric, storm the Nyköping Castle. Birger and his wife flee to Stegeborg Castle, then flee again when the rebels capture the stronghold in August.

= July – September =

= October – December =

Births

Deaths

References

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