1924 in science

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The year 1924 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy and space exploration

File:Andromeda Galaxy (with h-alpha).jpg]]

  • November 23 – Edwin Hubble announces his discovery that Andromeda, previously believed to be a nebula, is actually another galaxy, and that the Milky Way is only one of many such galaxies in the universe.In The New York Times. {{cite book|last1=Sharov|first1=Aleksandr Sergeevich|last2=Novikov|first2=Igor Dmitrievich|title=Edwin Hubble, the discoverer of the big bang universe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ttEwkEdPc70C&pg=PA34|accessdate=2011-12-31|year=1993|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-41617-7|page=34}} Formally published December 30 and presented as a paper at the January 1, 1925 meeting of the American Astronomical Society. {{cite book|title=The Day We Found the Universe|first=Marcia|last=Bartusiak|publisher=Random House|year=2010|pages=x–xi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7XojzXh4_KEC&q=The+Day+We+Found+the+Universe|isbn=9780307276605}}
  • The Einstein Tower near Potsdam, Germany, designed by Erich Mendelsohn, becomes operational as an astrophysical observatory.
  • Mount Stromlo Observatory near Canberra, Australia, is established as the Commonwealth Solar Observatory.
  • 1056 Azalea is discovered.

Biology

  • The term "ectogenesis" is coined by British scientist J. B. S. Haldane to describe the growth of mammalian embryos in artificial environments.{{cite web |title=Artificial Wombs Are Coming, but the Controversy Is Already Here |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/artificial-wombs-are-coming-and-the-controversys-already-here/ |work=Motherboard |date=4 August 2014 |access-date=16 November 2014 }}{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1111/j.1467-8519.1987.tb00006.x|pmid = 11649763|title = Ectogenesis: A Reply to Singer and Wells|journal = Bioethics|volume = 1|issue = 1|pages = 80–99|year = 1987|last1 = James|first1 = David N.}}
  • California grizzly bear last sighted.

Biochemistry

  • The first inactive tetanus vaccine (tetanus toxoid, TT) is discovered by Gaston Ramon, C. Zoeller and P. Descombey and produced.{{cite book|author=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|title=Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases|publisher=Public Health Foundation|location=Washington, D.C.|year=2011|isbn=978-0-01-706609-1|chapter-url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/tetanus.pdf|chapter=Tetanus|accessdate=2012-07-07|author-link=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}}
  • The first scarlet fever vaccine is discovered by George F. Dick and Gladys Dick.

History of science and technology

  • December 17 – Dismantling of James Watt's workshop for display in the Science Museum, London, commences.{{cite book|first=Ben|last=Russell|title=James Watt: making the world anew|location=London|publisher=Reaktion Books|year=2014|isbn=978-1-78023-375-8}}

Mathematics

  • Polish mathematicians Stefan Banach and Alfred Tarski publish the Banach–Tarski paradox.{{cite journal|last1=Banach|first1=Stefan|last2=Tarski|first2=Alfred|title=Sur la décomposition des ensembles de points en parties respectivement congruentes|journal=Fundamenta Mathematicae|volume=6|year=1924|pages=244–277|url=http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm6/fm6127.pdf|doi=10.4064/fm-6-1-244-277|doi-access=free}}
  • German mathematician David Hilbert proposes Hilbert's paradox of the Grand Hotel.{{cite book|authorlink=George Gamow|last=Gamow|first=George|year=1947|title=One Two Three ... Infinity|location=New York|publisher=Viking Press|page=17|title-link=One Two Three ... Infinity}}
  • Polish logician Jan Łukasiewicz devises reverse Polish notation.{{cite book|title=Elementy logiki matematycznej|last=Łukasiewicz|first=Jan|location=Warsaw|publisher=Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe|year=1929}}{{cite book|title=Aristotle's Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic|first=Jan|last=Łukasiewicz|year=1951|chapter=IV. Aristotle's System in Symbolic Form|page=78}}{{cite book|title=Aristotle's Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic|last=Łukasiewicz|first=Jan|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1957|edition=2nd}}{{cite journal|first=Charles Leonard|last=Hamblin|author-link=Charles Leonard Hamblin|date=1962-11-01|title=Translation to and from Polish notation|journal=Computer Journal|volume=5|issue=3|pages=210–213}}{{cite book|title=Algorithms for RPN Calculators|first=John A.|last=Ball|year=1978|publisher=Wiley|location=Cambridge, Mass.|isbn=0-471-03070-8|page=2}}{{cite journal|title=RPN Perspective|first=John|last=Kennedy|journal=PPC Calculator Journal|volume=9|number=5|date=August 1982|pages=26–29}}

Medicine

  • German physiologist and psychiatrist Hans Berger records the first human electroencephalogram.{{cite journal|doi=10.1136/jnnp.74.1.9|title=Hans Berger (1873-1941), Richard Caton (1842-1926) and electroencephalography|year=2003|last1=Haas|first1=L. F.|journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry|volume=74|page=9|pmid=12486257|issue=1|pmc=1738204}}
  • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is first described by Hungarian-American pathologist and physician Eli Moschcowitz.{{Cite journal|last1=Sukumar|first1=Senthil|last2=Lämmle|first2=Bernhard|last3=Cataland|first3=Spero R.|date=January 2021|title=Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management|journal=Journal of Clinical Medicine|volume=10|issue=3|page=536|doi=10.3390/jcm10030536|issn=2077-0383|pmc=7867179|pmid=33540569|doi-access=free}}
  • Johnson & Johnson begin mass producing Band-Aid.{{Cite web |date=2023-09-28|title=Band-Aid Brand: A History of Innovation |url=https://www.band-aid.com/our-brand/brand-history}}

Paleontology

  • October – The first specimen of Australopithecus africanus, the fossil skull of the "Taung Child", is identified in South Africa.{{cite journal|last=Dart|first=Raymond A.|authorlink=Raymond Dart|date=February 1925|title=Australopithecus africanus: The Man-Ape of South Africa|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/ancestor/pdf/115195.pdf|journal=Nature|volume=115|issue=2884|pages=195–99|doi=10.1038/115195a0|bibcode=1925Natur.115..195D|doi-access=free}}

Physics

Technology

Awards

Births

Deaths

References

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Category:20th century in science

Category:1920s in science