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1931 Australian federal election

{{Short description|none}}

{{Use Australian English|date=April 2024}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox election

| election_name = 1931 Australian federal election

| country = Australia

| type = parliamentary

| vote_type = Primary

| ongoing = no

| previous_election = 1929 Australian federal election

| previous_year = 1929

| next_election = 1934 Australian federal election

| next_year = 1934

| outgoing_members = Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1929–1931

| elected_members = Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1931–1934

| registered = 3,649,954 {{increase}}{{small|3.13%}}

| turnout = 3,286,474 (95.04%){{efn|Turnout in contested seats}}
({{increase}}0.19 pp)

| seats_for_election = All 76{{efn|name=nt|The Northern Territory had one seat, but members for the territories did not have full voting rights until 1966 and did not count toward government formation.}} seats of the House of Representatives
38 seats were needed for a majority in the House
18 (of the 36) seats of the Senate

| election_date = 19 December 1931

| image1 = {{CSS image crop |Image = Joseph Lyons 1932-01 (cropped).jpg|bSize = 130|cWidth = 130|cHeight = 170|oTop = 5|oLeft = 0|Location = center}}

| leader1 = Joseph Lyons

| leader_since1 = 7 May 1931

| party1 = United Australia Party

| leaders_seat1 = Wilmot (Tas.)

| last_election1 = New party

| seats1 = 33{{efn|name=Gabb|Labor-turned-Independent MP Moses Gabb was endorsed in the Division of Angas by the Emergency Committee of South Australia (formed by the state UAP for this election) who did not run their own candidate in Angas. Though Gabb is often listed as Emergency Committee, he remained an Independent and did not help form or sit with the government and as such has been removed from government tallies, meaning that though six MPs are listed elected as Emergency Committee candidates, there were only five Emergency Committee MPs.}}

| popular_vote1 = 1,155,809

| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 14

| percentage1 = 36.4%

| swing1 = New party

| seats_before1 = 24 seats

| image2 = {{CSS image crop |Image = Earle Page 1931 (cropped).jpg|bSize = 140|cWidth = 130|cHeight = 170|oTop = 5|oLeft = 3|Location = center}}

| leader2 = Earle Page

| leader_since2 = 5 April 1921

| party2 = Country Party of Australia (1920)

| leaders_seat2 = Cowper (NSW)

| last_election2 = 10 seats

| seats2 = 16

| popular_vote2 = 388,544

| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 6

| percentage2 = 12.2%

| swing2 = {{increase}}1.9%

| seats_before2 = 10 seats

| image3 = {{CSS image crop |Image = Portrait of James H. Scullin (cropped).jpg|bSize = 130|cWidth = 130|cHeight = 170|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0|Location = center}}

| leader3 = James Scullin

| leader_since3 = 26 April 1928

| party3 = Australian Labor Party

| leaders_seat3 = Yarra (Vic.)

| last_election3 = 46 seats

| seats3 = 15 + NT{{efn|name=nt}}

| popular_vote3 = 860,260

| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 21

| percentage3 = 27.1%

| swing3 = {{decrease}}21.7%

| seats_before3 = 36 seats

| image4 =

ECSA

| leader4 = N/A

| leader_since4 = N/A

| party4 = Emergency Committee

| colour4 = {{Australian politics/party colours|emergency committee}}

| leaders_seat4 = N/A

| last_election4 = New party

| seats4 = 5{{efn|name=Gabb}}

| popular_vote4 = 174,288

| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 6

| percentage4 = 5.5%

| swing4 = {{increase}} 5.5%

| seats_before4 = 36 seats

| image5 = {{CSS image crop |Image = Jack Lang 1930 03 (cropped).jpg|bSize = 130|cWidth = 130|cHeight = 170|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0|Location = center}}

| leader5 = Jack Lang

| leader_since5 = 31 July 1923

| party5 = Labor (NSW)

| leaders_seat5 = N/A

| last_election5 = New party

| seats5 = 4

| popular_vote5 = 335,309

| seat_change5 = {{decrease}} 1

| percentage5 = 10.6%

| swing5 = New party

| seats_before5 = 5 seats

| image6 =

IND

| leader6 = N/A

| leader_since6 = N/A

| party6 = Independents

| leaders_seat6 = N/A

| popular_vote6 = 260,786

| percentage6 = 6%

| swing6 = {{decrease}} –0.02

| last_election6 = 4 seats

| seats6 = 3 seats

| seat_change6 = {{decrease}} 1

| colour6 = {{party color|Independent politician}}

| title = Prime Minister

| before_election = James Scullin

| before_party = Australian Labor Party

| posttitle = Subsequent Prime Minister

| after_election = Joseph Lyons

| after_party = United Australia Party

| map_image = 1931_Australian_federal_election.svg

| map_size =

| map_caption = Results by division for the House of Representatives, shaded by winning party's margin of victory.

}}File:Smash the Red Wreckers and Save Australia.jpg poster from the 1931 election.]]

The 1931 Australian federal election was held on 19 December 1931 to elect all 75 seats in the House of Representatives and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate.

The incumbent first-term Australian Labor Party (ALP) government led by Prime Minister James Scullin was defeated in a landslide by the United Australia Party (UAP) led by Joseph Lyons. As of 2025, this is the last time that a sitting government at federal level has been defeated after a single term.

The election was held at a time of great social and political upheaval, coming at the peak of the Great Depression in Australia. The UAP had only been formed a few months before the election, when Lyons and a few ALP dissidents joined forces with the Nationalist Party and the Australian Party. Although it was dominated by former Nationalists, Lyons became the merged party's leader, with Nationalist leader John Latham as his deputy.

Scullin's position eroded further when five left-wing Labor MPs from New South Wales who supported NSW Premier Jack Lang broke away and moved to the crossbenches in protest of Scullin's economic policy, reducing Scullin to a minority government. Late in 1931, they supported a UAP no-confidence motion and brought down the government. The two Labor factions were decimated; massive vote-splitting left them with only 18 seats between them (14 for the official ALP and four for the Langites).

Prior to the election, it was assumed that the Country Party, led by Earle Page, would hold the balance of power, and Page tentatively agreed to support the UAP if that were the case. The two parties campaigned separately and stood candidates against each other in the House of Representatives, but ran joint tickets in Senate. However, the UAP came up four seats short of a majority. The five MPs from the Emergency Committee of South Australia, which contested the election in that state in place of the UAP and Country Party, joined the UAP party room, giving the UAP enough numbers to form a majority government by two seats. Page was still willing to form a coalition with the Country Party, but negotiations broke down and Lyons decided the UAP would govern by itself. As a result, the First Lyons Ministry was composed solely of UAP members.[http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/page-sir-earle-christmas-7941 Page, Sir Earle Christmas (1880–1961)], Australian Dictionary of Biography

Labor spent the next 10 years in opposition; it did not return to power until 1941.

Issues

The election was dominated by the Great Depression in Australia, which was at its height. As the Labor government had come to office two days before the Wall Street crash of 1929, it was seen as being responsible for many of the economic and social problems Australia faced, which sparked the historic Australian Labor Party split of 1931 in which Lyons and four other Labor dissidents crossed the floor to the opposition, ultimately merging into the UAP. Although the UAP, like the Nationalists, was a mostly upper- and middle-class conservative party. However, the presence of Lyons and other ex-Labor MPs allowed the party to project an image of national unity.

By the time the writs were issued, official Labor and Lang Labor were in open warfare. Combined with the Labor defections to the UAP, this made a UAP victory all but certain. Due to the massive vote splitting brought on by a large number of three-cornered contests, Labor tallied its lowest primary vote since Federation, while the two Labor factions, official Labor and Lang Labor, won only 18 seats between them, with official Labor losing a record 32 seats on a massive 15.2% swing to the UAP.

The two Labor factions did not reunite until 1936.

Results

= House of Representatives =

{{see also|Results of the Australian federal election, 1931 (House of Representatives)}}

class="wikitable sortable tpl-blanktable" style="text-align:right; margin-bottom:0"

|+House of Representatives (IRV) – Turnout: 95.04% (CV)

colspan=10 align=center|File:1931 Australian House.svg
colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="width:200px" | Party

! colspan="3" | Primary vote

! colspan="2" | Seats

style="width:70px;" | Votes

! style="width:40px;" | %

! style="width:40px;" | Swing ({{abbr|pp|percentage points}})

! style="width:40px;" | Seats

! style="width:40px;" | Change

style="background-color:{{party color|United Australia Party}};"|

| style="text-align:left;"| United Australia Party

| UAP

| 1,155,809

| 36.4

| {{nowrap|+36.4}}

| 33{{efn|name=Gabb}}

| {{increase}} 15

style="background-color:{{party color|National Party of Australia}};"|

| style="text-align:left;"| Country

| CP

| 388,544

| 12.2

| +1.93

| 16

| {{increase}} 6

style="background-color:{{party color|Australian Labor Party}};"|

| style="text-align:left;"| Labor

| ALP

| 860,260

| 27.1

| {{nowrap|–21.74}}

| 16{{efn|Including Northern Territory}}

| {{decrease}} 22

style="background-color:#01008c;"|

| style="text-align:left;"| Emergency Committee

| ECSA

| 174,288

| 5.5

| +5.5

| 5{{efn|name=Gabb}}

| {{increase}} 6

style="background-color:{{Australian politics/party colours|lang labor}};"|

| style="text-align:left;"| Labor (NSW)

| L (NSW)

| 335,309

| 10.6

| +10.6

| 4

| {{decrease}} 1

style="background-color:{{party color|Communist Party of Australia}};"|

| style="text-align:left;"| Communist

| CPA

| 8,511

| 0.3

| +0.3

| 0

| {{steady}} 0

style="background-color:#DDDDDD;"|

| colspan=2 style="text-align:left;"| Independent

| 260,786

| 6

| –0.02

| 3

| {{decrease}} 1

style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" colspan="10"|
style="font-weight:bold"

| style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| Total

| 3,287,992

| 100.00

| {{N/A}}

| 76

| {{N/A}}

style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" colspan="10"|
style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| Valid votes

| 3,173,515

| 96.52

| rowspan=4 {{N/A}}

| rowspan=4 {{N/A}}

| rowspan=4 {{N/A}}

style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| Informal ballots

| 114,477

| 3.5

style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| Turnout

| 3,287,992

| 90

style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| Registered voters

| 3,652,196

| {{N/A}}

{{bar box

| title=Popular vote

| titlebar=#ddd

| width=600px

| barwidth=410px

| bars=

{{bar percent|United Australia|#00008B|36.4}}

{{bar percent|Labor|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|27.1}}

{{bar percent|Country|{{party color|National Party of Australia}}|12.2}}

{{bar percent|Labor (NSW)|#E2725B|10.6}}

{{bar percent|Independent|{{party color|Independent (politician)}}|6.0}}

{{bar percent|Emergency Committee|#00008B|5.5}}

{{bar percent|Communist|#AA0000|0.3}}

}}

{{bar box

| title=Parliament seats

| titlebar=#ddd

| width=600px

| barwidth=410px

| bars=

{{bar percent|United Australia|#00008B|43.4}}

{{bar percent|Country|{{party color|National Party of Australia}}|21.1}}

{{bar percent|Labor|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|19.7}}

{{bar percent|Emergency Committee|#00008B|6.6}}

{{bar percent|Labor (NSW)|#E2725B|5.3}}

{{bar percent|Independent|{{party color|Independent (politician)}}|3.9}}

}}

=Results by electorate=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! rowspan="3" |Constituency

! rowspan="3" |Total
seats

! colspan="8" |Seats won

class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |UAP

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |CP

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |ALP

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |ECSA

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |L (NSW)

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |Independent

style="background:{{party color|United Australia Party}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|National Party of Australia}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|Australian Labor Party}};" |

! style="background: #01008c;" |

! style="background:{{Australian politics/party colours|Lang Labor}};" |

! style="background:{{Australian politics/party colours|Independent}};" |

style="text-align: left;" |New South Wales

!28

|13

|8

|3

|0

|4

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Victoria

!20

|12

|4

|4

|0

|0

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Queensland

!10

|2

|2

|5

|0

|0

|1

style="text-align: left;" |South Australia

!7

|0

|0

|1

|5

|0

|1

style="text-align: left;" |Western Australia

!5

|1

|2

|1

|0

|0

|1

style="text-align: left;" |Tasmania

!5

|5

|0

|0

|0

|0

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Northern Territory

!1

|0

|0

|1

|0

|0

|0

Total

!76

!33

!16

!15

!5

!4

!3

= Senate =

class="wikitable"

|+ Senate (P BV) — 1931–34—Turnout 95.02% (CV) — Informal 9.60%File:1931 Australian Senate.svg

! colspan=2 style="width:180px" | Party

! style="width:70px"| Votes

! style="width:40px"| %

! style="width:40px"| Swing

! style="width:40px"| Seats won

! style="width:40px"| Seats held

! style="width:40px"| Change

{{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

| UAP/Country (Joint Ticket)

| align=right| 945,741

| align=right| 30.16

| align=right| *

| align=right| 6

| align=right|

| align=right|

{{Australian party style|Labor}} |  

| Australian Labor Party

| align=right| 917,218

| align=right| 29.25

| align=right| −19.70

| align=right| 3

| align=right| 10

| align=right| +3

{{Australian party style|UAP}} |  

| United Australia Party

| align=right| 791,870

| align=right| 25.26

| align=right| −14.02

| align=right| 9

| align=right| 21

| align=right| −3

{{Australian party style|Labor (NSW)}} |  

| Australian Labor Party (NSW)

| align=right| 379,870

| align=right| 12.12

| align=right| *

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 0

{{Australian party style|Communist}} |  

| Communist Party of Australia

| align=right| 29,443

| align=right| 0.94

| align=right| *

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 0

{{Australian party style|Country}} |  

| Country Party

| align=right| *

| align=right| *

| align=right| −11.18

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 5

| align=right| 0

{{Australian party style|Independent}} |  

| Independents

| align=right| 71,181

| align=right| 2.27

| align=right| +1.68

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 0

| align=right| 0

 

| Total

| align=right| 3,135,323

| align=right|  

| align=right|  

| align=right| 18

| align=right| 36

| align=right|

=Results by electorate=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! rowspan="3" |Constituency

! rowspan="3" |Total
seats

! colspan="8" |Seats won

class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |UAP

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |CP

! class="unsortable" style="width:50px;" |ALP

style="background:{{party color|United Australia Party}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|National Party of Australia}};" |

! style="background:{{party color|Australian Labor Party}};" |

style="text-align: left;" |New South Wales

!3

|2

|1

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Victoria

!3

|3

|0

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Queensland

!3

|0

|0

|3

style="text-align: left;" |South Australia

!3

|2

|1

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Western Australia

!3

|2

|1

|0

style="text-align: left;" |Tasmania

!3

|3

|0

|0

Total

!18

!12

!3

!3

Seats changing hands

class="wikitable"

! rowspan="2"| Seat

! colspan="4"| Pre-1931

! rowspan="2"| Swing

! colspan="4"| Post-1931

colspan="2"| Party

! Member

! Margin

! Margin

! Member

! colspan="2"| Party

Adelaide, SA

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| George Edwin Yates

| style="text-align:right;"| 11.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 21.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.6

| Fred Stacey

| Emergency Committee

| {{Australian party style|Emergency Committee}}| 

Angas, SA

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Moses Gabb

| style="text-align:right;"| 4.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 31.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 26.8

| Moses Gabb

| Ind. Emergency Committee{{efn|name=Gabb}}

| {{Australian party style|Independent}}| 

Ballaarat, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Charles McGrath

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 20.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.3

| Charles McGrath

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Barton, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| James Tully

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 20.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 3.2

| Albert Lane

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Bass, Tas

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Allan Guy

| style="text-align:right;"| 10.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 24.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.5

| Allan Guy

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Batman, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Frank Brennan

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 26.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8

| Samuel Dennis

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Bendigo, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Richard Keane

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.5

| Eric Harrison

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Boothby, SA

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| John Price

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 29.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 24.0

| John Price

| Emergency Committee

| {{Australian party style|Emergency Committee}}| 

Brisbane, Qld

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

| United Australia

| Donald Charles Cameron

| style="text-align:right;"| 2.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 3.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.7

| George Lawson

| Labor

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

Calare, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| George Gibbons

| style="text-align:right;"| 1.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 11.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 10.1

| Harold Thorby

| Country

| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| 

Corangamite, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Richard Crouch

| style="text-align:right;"| 2.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 15.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 12.9

| William Gibson

| Country

| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| 

Corio, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Arthur Lewis

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 10.6

| Richard Casey

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Dalley, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Ted Theodore

| style="text-align:right;"| N/A

| style="text-align:right;"| 8.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.0

| Sol Rosevear

| Labor (NSW)

| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| 

Darling Downs, Qld

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

| United Australia

| Arthur Morgan

| style="text-align:right;"| N/A

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.8

| Littleton Groom

| Independent

| {{Australian party style|Independent}}| 

Denison, Tas

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Charles Culley

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.0

| Arthur Hutchin

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

East Sydney, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| 

| Labor (NSW)

| Eddie Ward

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 11.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 1.7

| John Clasby

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Eden-Monaro, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| John Cusack

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.6

| John Perkins

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Fawkner, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Independent Nationalist}}| 

| Independent Nationalist

| George Maxwell

| style="text-align:right;"| N/A

| style="text-align:right;"| 21.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 20.3

| George Maxwell

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Flinders, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Jack Holloway

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 18.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 18.3

| Stanley Bruce

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Franklin, Tas

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Charles Frost

| style="text-align:right;"| 1.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.9

| Archibald Blacklow

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Fremantle, WA

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| John Curtin

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.5

| William Watson

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Grey, SA

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Andrew Lacey

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5

| Philip McBride

| Emergency Committee

| {{Australian party style|Emergency Committee}}| 

Gwydir, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Lou Cunningham

| style="text-align:right;"| 3.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.8

| Aubrey Abbott

| Country

| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| 

Hume, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Parker Moloney

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5

| Thomas Collins

| Country

| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| 

Hunter, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Rowley James

| style="text-align:right;"| 100.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 57.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.2

| Rowley James

| Labor (NSW)

| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| 

Indi, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Paul Jones

| style="text-align:right;"| 1.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 13.0

| William Hutchinson

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Lang, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| William Long

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 20.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 4.2

| Dick Dein

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Macquarie, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Ben Chifley

| style="text-align:right;"| 15.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.6

| John Lawson

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Maribyrnong, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| James Fenton

| style="text-align:right;"| 23.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 23.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.4

| James Fenton

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Martin, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| John Eldridge

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 22.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.3

| William Holman

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

North Sydney, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Independent Nationalist}}| 

| Independent Nationalist

| Billy Hughes

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 23.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5

| Billy Hughes

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Oxley, Qld

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

| United Australia

| James Bayley

| style="text-align:right;"| 0.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.8

| Francis Baker

| Labor

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

Parramatta, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Albert Rowe

| style="text-align:right;"| 3.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 19.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.2

| Frederick Stewart

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Reid, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Percy Coleman

| style="text-align:right;"| N/A

| style="text-align:right;"| 55.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.3

| Joe Gander

| Labor (NSW)

| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| 

South Sydney, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Edward Riley

| style="text-align:right;"| 16.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 21.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.1

| John Jennings

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Wannon, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| John McNeill

| style="text-align:right;"| 2.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 12.3

| Thomas Scholfield

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Wentworth, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Independent Nationalist}}| 

| Independent Nationalist

| Walter Marks

| style="text-align:right;"| 8.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 58.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 15.8

| Eric Harrison

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

Werriwa, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Bert Lazzarini

| style="text-align:right;"| 15.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 1.7

| Walter McNicoll

| Country

| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| 

West Sydney, NSW

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Jack Beasley

| style="text-align:right;"| 36.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 11.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 15.1

| Jack Beasley

| Labor (NSW)

| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| 

Wimmera, Vic

| {{Australian party style|Country Progressive}}| 

| Country Progressive

| Percy Stewart

| style="text-align:right;"| N/A

| style="text-align:right;"| 21.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 11.8

| Hugh McClelland

| Country

| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| 

Wilmot, Tas

| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| 

| Labor

| Joseph Lyons

| style="text-align:right;"| 2.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 22.1

| Joseph Lyons

| United Australia

| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| 

  • Members listed in italics did not contest their seat at this election.

See also

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [http://elections.uwa.edu.au/ University of WA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118085343/http://elections.uwa.edu.au/ |date=18 January 2015 }} election results in Australia since 1890
  • [http://pappubahry.com/pseph/aus_stats/tpp_tables/ Two-party-preferred vote since 1919]

Further reading

  • Cook, Peter. "Labor and the Premiers' Plan." Labour History (1969): 97–110. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27507956 in JSTOR]
  • Denning, Warren, and Alan Douglas Reid. Caucus crisis: the rise & fall of the Scullin government (Hale & Iremonger, 1982)
  • Head, Brian. "Economic crisis and political legitimacy: the 1931 federal election." Journal of Australian Studies (1978) 2#3 pp: 14–29. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14443057809386778 online]
  • Richardson, Nick. "The 1931 Australian Federal Election—Radio Makes History." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television (2010) 30#3 pp: 377–389. DOI:10.1080/01439685.2010.505037
  • Roberts, Stephen H. "The Crisis in Australia: September, 1930-January, 1932." Pacific Affairs (1932) 5#4 pp: 319-332. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2750003 in JSTOR]
  • Robinson, Geoff. "The Australian class structure and Australian politics 1931-40." APSA 2008: Australasian Political Science Association 2008 Conference. Australasian Political Science Association, 2008. [http://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30018358/robinson-australianclass-2008.pdf online]
  • Robertson, J. R. "Scullin as Prime Minister: seven critical decisions." Labour History (1969): 27–36. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27507951 in JSTOR]
  • Robertson, John. J.H. Scullin: A political biography (University of Western Australia Press, 1974)

{{Australian elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Australian Federal Election, 1931}}

Category:Federal elections in Australia

Category:1931 elections in Australia

Category:December 1931