1977 Sumba earthquake
{{Short description|Earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia}}
{{Infobox earthquake
|title = 1977 Sumba earthquake
|timestamp = 1977-08-19 06:08:55
|anss-url = iscgem694739
|isc-event = 694739
|image =
|image alt =
|imagecaption =
|map =
|map alt =
|image name =
|map2 = {{Location map+ | Indonesia
|places =
{{Location map~|Indonesia|lat=-11.085|long=118.464|mark=Bullseye1.png|marksize=40}}
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = right
| caption = }}
|mapsize =
|caption =
|local-date = {{Start date|1977|8|19}}
|local-time = 14:08
|duration =
|magnitude = 8.3 {{M|w|link=y}}
|location = {{Coord|11.085|S|118.464|E|region:ID_type:event|display=inline,title}}
|type = Normal
|countries affected = {{Bulleted list|Indonesia|Australia}}
|damage = US$1.2 million
|intensity = {{MMI|VI}}
|PGA =
|tsunami = Yes
|landslide =
|foreshocks =
|aftershocks =
|casualties = ~180 killed
1,100+ injured
}}
The 1977 Sumba earthquake (also called the Sumbawa earthquake) occurred approximately {{convert|290|km|mi}} south of Bima, Sumbawa, and beneath the Indian Ocean, at {{tooltip|14:08 local time on 19 August|06:08 GMT 19 August}}. With a moment magnitude of 8.3, the earthquake is notable for having an unusually great magnitude for a shock with a normal faulting focal mechanism. The shock occurred near the southern section of the Sunda Trench where several other tsunami-generating earthquakes have occurred. The earthquake was at the time the largest outer-rise earthquake ever recorded in Indonesia, and aftershocks along the trench extended about {{convert|130|km|mi}} eastward and {{convert|110|km|mi}} westward from the epicenter.
Although damage from the earthquake was limited to Indonesia, ground movement was reportedly felt as far afield as Albany in Australia, and the power supply was briefly cut in Port Hedland. A tsunami was generated with observed run-up heights of up to {{convert|5.8|m|sp=us}} and inundation distances of up to {{convert|1200|m|ft}} at several locations on Sumba and Sumbawa. The combined number of victims from both the earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia was at least 107 confirmed dead and several dozen others missing, presumed dead; several sources combine the two for a total casualty figure of approximately 180 deaths and 1,100 injuries.
See also
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{citation|title=International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology|series=Part A, Volume 81A|chapter=A List of Deadly Earthquakes in the World: 1500–2000|first=T. R.|last=Utsu|year=2002|publisher=Academic Press|edition=First|isbn=978-0-12-440652-0|page=708}}
{{cite news|title=History's 'biggest' recorded quake|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110860680|accessdate=15 June 2015|agency=AAP|work=The Canberra Times|date=20 August 1977}}
{{citation|title=Active Faults of the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aQUgAwAAQBAJ|last=Yeats|first=R.|year=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-19085-5|page=464}}
}}
Sources
{{refbegin}}
- {{citation|title=The Indonesian earthquake of 19 August 1977: Effects in western Australia|url=http://www.ga.gov.au/corporate_data/13615/Rec1978_019.pdf|first=P. J.|last=Gordon|first2=E. P.|last2=Paull|first3=B. A.|last3=Gaull|year=1978|publisher=Department of Natural Resources}}
- {{citation|title=Source Process of the Great 1977 Sumba Earthquake|url=http://www.es.ucsc.edu/~thorne/TL.pdfs/LL_Sumba_JGR1988.pdf|first=C. S.|last=Lynnes|first2=T.|last2=Lay|year=1988|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=93|issue=B11|pages=13,407–13,420|doi=10.1029/JB093iB11p13407|bibcode=1988JGR....9313407L}}
{{refend}}
External links
- {{EQ-isc-link|694739}}
{{Earthquakes in 1977}}
{{Earthquakes in Indonesia}}
Category:Earthquakes in Indonesia
Category:Tsunamis in Australia