1 Chronicles 11

This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language. It is divided into 47 verses.

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73–74}}

• {{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|11:1–3|9}}: {{bibleverse|2 Samuel|5:1–5|9}}.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=29}}
• {{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|11:4–9|9}}: {{bibleverse|2 Samuel|5:6–10|9}}.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=30}}
• {{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|11:10–47|9}}: {{bibleverse|2 Samuel|23:8–39|9}}.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=30}}

1 Chronicles 11 and 12 combine a 'variety of chronologically and geographically disparate lists' to establish the unity of "all Israel" (north and south), with their unanimous recognition of David's kingship. The outer framework consists of David's anointing at Hebron (1 Chronicles 11:1–3; 12:38–40) to enclose the lists of the warriors who attended the festivities (11:10–47; 12:23–38). The inner framework comprises the lists of David's forces while at Ziklag (12:1–7; 12:19–22) to enclose the warriors who joined him at “the stronghold” (12:8–18).Williamson, H. G. M. "'We are Yours, O David': The Setting and Purpose of 1 Chronicles xii 1-23," in B. Albrektson et al., "Remembering All the Way" (Leiden: Brill, 1981) pp. 164–176. apud Throntveit, Mark A. [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwordandworld.luthersem.edu%2Fcontent%2Fpdfs%2F23-4_David%2F23-4_Throntveit.pdf&pdf=true "Was the Chronicler a Spin Doctor? David in the Books of Chronicles"]. Word & World (2003) 23 (4) 376.

The report concerning David's crowning in Hebron can be found in the books of Samuel, but the Chronicler also add some notes.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=29}}{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=274}}

:Then all Israel gathered together to David at Hebron and said, “Behold, we are your bone and flesh."{{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|11:1|ESV}} ESV

• "All Israel": a more 'inclusive view' as a nation than "the tribes of Israel" in {{bibleverse|2 Samuel|5:1|9}}.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=29}}

:"Also, in time past, even when Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them in; and the Lord your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and be ruler over My people Israel.’"{{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|11:2|NKJV}} NKJV

This is the only place in the Chronicles that Saul was stated as king.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=29}}

:So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and David made a covenant with them at Hebron before the Lord. And they anointed David king over Israel, according to the word of the Lord by Samuel.{{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|11:3|ESV}} ESV

• "According to the word of the Lord by Samuel": may refer to {{bibleverse|2 Samuel|7:7–8|9}} (cf. {{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|17:6–7|9}}) as well as recall {{bibleverse|1 Samuel|15:28|9}} and {{bibleverse|1 Samuel|16:1–13|9}}.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=29}}

The section is a rework of the report in {{bibleverse|2 Samuel|5:6-10|9}}, with the removal of obscure and unclear terms and insertion of unique details, such as the role of Joab in Jerusalem's capture.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=274}}

:Now David said, “Whoever attacks the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain.” And Joab the son of Zeruiah went up first, and became chief. {{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|11:6|NKJV}} NKJV

• "Chief": literally "head".Note on 1 Chronicles 11:6 in NKJV

This verse contains a play on words: whoever attack "first" (Hebrew: {{lang|he|רִאשׁוֹן}}, {{Strong-number|rishon|H|7223}}) will be "chief" (Hebrew: {{lang|he|רֹאשׁ}}, {{Strong-number|rosh|H|7218}}), Joab went up "first" and became "chief", although he was not listed among David's mighty men ({{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|11:10|9}}–({{bibleverse-nb|1 Chronicles|12:40|9}}).{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=30}}

{{Main|David's Mighty Warriors}}

Verses 10–41 conform with 2 Samuel 23:8–39 (with some spelling differences), whereas verses 42–47 are unique to the Chronicles.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=274}}{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=31}} Without clear historical context, it is unclear whether the list refers to the period before or after David's accession to the throne. This passage consists of three parts (similar to the list in 2 Samuel):{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=274}}

1. The three men (whom nobody could match), each with one act of heroism. The Chronicler omits the name of the third hero and states acts of heroism differently
2. Two other heroes, with their particular acts of heroism.
3. The 'thirty' heroes.{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=274}}

The purpose of the list is to portray David as a 'divinely chosen leader' with strong support from various groups in northern and southern Israel.{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=31}}

:Now these are the chiefs of David's mighty men, who gave him strong support in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, according to the word of the Lord concerning Israel.{{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|11:10|ESV}} ESV

Here and in {{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|12:23|9}} the Chronicler underlines that David's kingdom encompasses all Israel as a fulfillment of YHWH's pledge to Israel, although this promise is not directly cited,{{sfn|Mathys|2007|p=274}}{{sfn|Endres|2012|p=31}}

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|

• Bethlehem
• Hebron
• Jerusalem
• Uriah the Hittite}}
• Related Bible parts: 1 Samuel 16, 2 Samuel 5, 2 Samuel 12, 2 Samuel 23, 1 Chronicles 12

{{reflist}}

• {{Cite book | last= Ackroyd | first= Peter R |chapter = Chronicles, Books of

|editor1-last = Metzger |editor1-first = Bruce M

|editor1-link = Bruce M. Metzger

|editor2-last = Coogan |editor2-first = Michael D |title = The Oxford Companion to the Bible

|publisher = Oxford University Press |year = 1993 |isbn = 978-0195046458 | pages= 113–116}}

• {{Cite book | last= Bennett | first= William|title = The Expositor's Bible: The Books of Chronicles|publisher = Litres|year = 2018 |isbn = 978-5040825196 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZo3DwAAQBAJ }}
• {{cite book|last= Coogan|first = Michael David| author-link= Michael D. Coogan |title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 |editor-last1=Coogan |editor-first1=Michael David |editor-first2=Marc Zvi |editor-last2= Brettler |editor-first3=Carol Ann |editor-last3= Newsom |editor-first4= Pheme |editor-last4= Perkins |edition= Augmented 3rd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year =2007 |isbn = 9780195288810 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ}}
• {{cite book| last= Endres |first = John C. |title = First and Second Chronicles |publisher = Liturgical Press |year =2012 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=mtL0BSEv7i4C | isbn= 9780814628447}}
• {{cite book|last= Hill |first = Andrew E. |title = First and Second Chronicles |publisher = Zondervan |year =2003 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Sv-LEqnF8Y4C | isbn = 9780310206101 }}
• {{cite book|last= Mabie | first= Frederick | chapter = I. The Chronicler's Genealogical Survey of All Israel | title= 1 and 2 Chronicles |series = The Expositor's Bible Commentary | editor-first1= Tremper | editor-last1=Longman III | editor-first2=David E | editor-last2= Garland | publisher = Zondervan | date = 2017 | pages = 267–308 | isbn = 978-0310531814 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E8ESDgAAQBAJ | access-date=December 6, 2019}}
• {{cite book|last= Mathys | first= H. P. | chapter = 14. 1 and 2 Chronicles | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John | editor-last1=Barton |editor1-link = John Barton (theologian) | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman |editor2-link = John Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 267–308 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}}
• {{cite book|last= Tuell | first= Steven S. | title=First and Second Chronicles | publisher = Westminster John Knox Press | date = 2012 | isbn = 978-0664238650 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8RKvdfWsmvEC | access-date=December 30, 2020}}
• {{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | authorlink = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = William B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

• Jewish translations:
• [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16531 Divrei Hayamim I - I Chronicles - Chapter 11 (Judaica Press)] translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org
• Christian translations:
• [http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=1+Chronicles+11 Online Bible at GospelHall.org] (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
• [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=13&chapter=11&version=9 First Book of Chronicles Chapter 11. Bible Gateway]

{{First Book of Chronicles}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chronicles 1 11}}

11