2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

The season officially started with the formation of Cyclone Roanu over in the Bay of Bengal on 17 May. The beginning of June witnessed no storms, although many low-pressure areas formed over Bay of Bengal, but none of them intensified into a depression, due to a very strong southwest monsoon. At the end of June, Depression ARB 01 formed, but weakened within two days. July witnessed no storms until a deep depression formed in August, under the influence of an upper air cyclonic circulation over Gangetic West Bengal. However, multiple low-pressure areas developed over the Bay of Bengal, with Cyclonic Storm Kyant forming in October and Cyclonic Storm Nada in November. Due to the presence of warm sea surface temperatures, Very Severe Cyclone Vardah formed in December.

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=Roanu 2016-05-21 0450Z.jpg

|Track=Roanu 2016 track.png

|Formed=17 May

|Dissipated=22 May

|3-min winds=45

|1-min winds=60

|Pressure=983

}}

{{main|Cyclone Roanu}}

Under the influence of a trough, a low-pressure area formed over the Bay of Bengal on 14 May.{{cite web|title=Tropical Weather Outlook |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=14 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130155454/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |archivedate=30 November 2016 |df=dmy }}{{cite web|title=All India Weather Summary and Forecast Bulletin, Night of 14 May 2016. |url=http://imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/allindianew.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=14 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331164317/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/allindianew.pdf |archivedate=31 March 2016 |df=dmy }} It slowly consolidated, prompting the IMD to classify it as a depression on 17 May.{{cite web|last1=Yadav |first1=B. P. |title=Special Tropical Outlook for the North Indian Ocean issued at 0600 UTC of 17 May 2016. |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=17 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130155454/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |archivedate=30 November 2016 |df=dmy }} By the late hours of 17 May, a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) was issued, following which, the JTWC upgraded the system to tropical storm intensity.{{cite web|title=Current Significant Tropical Weather Advisories ABIO10 (Indian Ocean) reissued at 18 May 2016, 0030 UTC |url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/ABIO10-PGTW_201605180030.htm |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |accessdate=18 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6haRFWdIA?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/ABIO10-PGTW_201605180030.htm |archivedate=18 May 2016 |df=dmy }}{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 01B (One) Warning #01 Issued on 18 May 2016 at 0900 UTC. |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio51.pgtw..txt |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |accessdate=18 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429050101/http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio51.pgtw..txt |archivedate=29 April 2016 |df=dmy }} The next day, the IMD upgraded the storm to a deep depression, prompting the issuance of cyclone warnings for the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha.{{cite web|first=B.P. | last=Yadav |title=Deep Depression BOB 01 Warning Bulletin 5 issued on 18 May 2016. |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/cyclone_pdfs/indian_1463580122.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=18 May 2016 |archivedate=21 May 2016 |page=1 |date=18 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521104243/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/cyclone_pdfs/indian_1463580122.pdf |df=dmy }} On 19 May, the IMD reported that the storm had reached cyclonic storm intensity, naming it Roanu.{{cite web|last1=Kotal |first1=S. D. |title=Cyclonic Storm Roanu, Bulletin No. 9 issued at 0300 UTC, 19 May 2016. |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/indian.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=19 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130164548/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/indian.pdf |archivedate=30 November 2016 |df=dmy }} The cyclone drifted in a northeastward track, and continued to intensify until persistent wind shear and its proximity to land eventually caused the storm to start weakening, on the same day.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 01B (Roanu) Warning Nr 006 |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Centre |accessdate=19 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429050139/http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |archivedate=29 April 2016 |df=dmy }}{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 01B (Roanu) Warning Nr 007 |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Centre |accessdate=19 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429050139/http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |archivedate=29 April 2016 |df=dmy }} However, the wind shear soon decreased, and Roanu reintensified as deep convection became established over and around the low-level circulation center (LLCC).{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 01B (Roanu) Warning #07 |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Centre |accessdate=19 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429050139/http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |archivedate=29 April 2016 |df=dmy }}{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 01B (Roanu) Warning #08 |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |accessdate=20 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429050139/http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtio31.pgtw..txt |archivedate=29 April 2016 |df=dmy }} Moving generally east-northeastwards, the storm made landfall just northwest of Chittagong, Bangladesh on 21 May, upon which it rapidly weakened.{{cite web|last1=Mohapatra |first1=M |title=Tropical Storm Roanu Advisory No. 16 issued at 1500 UTC of 21 May 2016. |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=21 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130155454/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |archivedate=30 November 2016 |df=dmy }} {{cn span|The system dissipated over Gangetic West Bengal on 22 May. The outer rainbands of the storm caused heavy rain in south Bengal, including in Kolkata.|date=December 2016}}

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=ARB01 2016-06-27 0645Z.jpg

|Track=ARB 01 2016 track.png

|Formed=27 June

|Dissipated=29 June

|3-min winds=25

|1-min winds=40

|Pressure=996

}}

{{expand section|date=June 2016}}

{{cn span|On 27 June, a low-pressure system organized into a depression in the Arabian Sea. It turned westward and moved into the cooler sections of the Arabian Sea and gradually weakened, before dissipating over open water on 29 June. The depression caused rainfall in Oman, particularly in the Ash Sharqiya and Al Wusta regions, even as it weakened. The impacts in Oman were mostly limited to the southern parts of the country.|date=December 2016}}

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=LAND 01 2016-07-06 0500Z.jpg

|Track=LAND01 2016 track.png

|Formed=6 July

|Dissipated=7 July

|3-min winds=25

|Pressure=996

}}

On 6 July, a depression formed over north central India. The Land Depression dissipated on the next day.{{cite web|publisher=Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for Tropical Cyclones over North Indian Ocean|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=194&lang=en|accessdate=28 Apr 2018|title=Best Tracks Data (1990–2017)|date=13 Apr 2018}}

{{clear}}

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=LAND 02 2016-08-10 0730Z.jpg

|Track=LAND 02 2016 track.png

|Formed=9 August

|Dissipated=12 August

|3-min winds=30

|Pressure=994

}}

A well-marked low-pressure area developed into a depression on 9 August, close to Canning, West Bengal, India. On the next day, the system moved northeastward and intensified into a deep depression overland in Bangladesh, about {{Convert|100|km|abbr=on}} east-northeast of Kolkata.{{cite web|title=Shipping Bulletin for Met. Area Viii(N), North of Equator Valid for 24/48 Hours From 0900 UTC 10th Aug 2016|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/gmdss.pdf|website=Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=10 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810115040/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/gmdss.pdf|archivedate=10 August 2016|page=1|date=10 August 2016}} The deep depression moved towards Jharkhand on 11 August, and quickly weakened into a depression. On 12 August, the land depression degenerated into a well-marked low.

Eight trawlers with a collective 118 fishermen aboard went missing over the Bay of Bengal during the storm;{{cite news|agency=SNS|newspaper=The Statesman|date=11 August 2016|accessdate=11 August 2016|title=Most missing trawlers located|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/news/bengal/most-missing-trawlers-located/159358.html}} at least 2 people are feared dead. The Indian Coast Guard launched a large-scale search and rescue operation to locate the missing fishermen.{{cite news|agency=IANS|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=11 August 2016|accessdate=11 August 2016|title=Two of missing Bengal fishermen feared dead BoB|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Two-of-missing-Bengal-fishermen-feared-dead-BoB/2016/08/11/article3574653.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820060111/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Two-of-missing-Bengal-fishermen-feared-dead-BoB/2016/08/11/article3574653.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 August 2016}} All of the trawlers later returned to port, with one requiring assistance due to engine failure.{{cite news|agency=Press Trust of India|newspaper=The Hindu|date=11 August 2016|accessdate=11 August 2016|title=Fishermen rescued from Bay of Bengal|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/fishermen-rescued-from-bay-of-bengal/article8970946.ece}} {{cn span|5 fishermen went missing due to the storm out of which 2 died in the Hugli delta.|date=December 2016}}

{{cn span|Heavy rain fell over districts in West Bengal, such as Birbhum, Purulia, and Bardhaman, and even in Kolkata, which led to flooding in some areas. Flooding also occurred in Jharkhand and West Bengal, due to the increase of river waters in Damodar and Hugli.|date=December 2016}}

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=BOB02 2016-08-18 0440Z.jpg

|Track=BOB02 2016 track.png

|Formed=16 August

|Dissipated=20 August

|3-min winds=30

|Pressure=994

}}

A low-pressure area formed over the Bay of Bengal in mid-August 2016. It slowly consolidated, prompting the IMD to upgrade the system to a Depression on 16 August.{{cite web|last1=Mohapatra |first1=M. |title=Special Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean issued at 0600 UTC of 17 August 2016. |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |publisher=India Meteorological Department |accessdate=17 August 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130155454/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf |archivedate=30 November 2016 |df=dmy }} {{cn span|The system slowly moved northwestward and intensified into a deep depression on the following day, before making landfall over the coast of West Bengal between Digha and Diamond Harbour.|date=December 2016}}

The system brought heavy rainfall to the eastern states of India, a region which was experiencing deficient monsoon rains. Chandabali and Balasore in Odisha recorded {{convert|146|mm|in|abbr=on}} and {{convert|90|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall respectively in a span of 21 hours. Heavy rains fell in West Bengal, including Kolkata, which recorded winds of 70 km/h. At least 6 people died in Kolkata, directly due to the storm.{{cite news|title=Depression in Bay batters Odisha with heavy rains, more in offing.|url=http://www.skymetweather.com/content/weather-news-and-analysis/depression-in-bay-batters-odisha-with-heavy-rains-more-in-offing/|accessdate=17 August 2016|agency=Skymet Weather}} In Jharkhand, two teams of the National Disaster Response Force were deployed in the Garhwa and Chatra districts of the state, amid concerns of a possible flash flood.{{cite news|title=Depression to bring more showers today.|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Depression-to-bring-more-showers-today/articleshow/53749045.cms|accessdate=18 August 2016|newspaper=The Times of India}}

{{clear}}

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=Kyant 2016-10-26 0505Z.jpg

|Track=Kyant 2016 track.png

|Formed=21 October

|Dissipated=28 October

|3-min winds=40

|1-min winds=40

|Pressure=996

}}

An area of low pressure formed over east-central Bay of Bengal on 19 October.{{cite web|title=Tropical Weather Outlook For North Indian Ocean (2016-10-19, 0600z)|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201610190700.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6lRnaaPYw?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201610190700.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 October 2016|publisher=RSMC New Delhi|accessdate=22 October 2016}} It slowly consolidated and was upgraded to a Depression on 21 October.{{cite web|last1=Mohapatra|first1=M|title=Tropical Cyclone Bulletin 01 for Depression BOB 03|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/INDIAN_201610210300.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6lQGiRfFF?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/INDIAN_201610210300.pdf|url-status=dead|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=21 October 2016|archivedate=21 October 2016|date=21 October 2016}} The system tracked over a marginally favorable environment, and intensified into a deep depression on 23 October.{{cite web|last1=Mohapatra|first1=M|title=Tropical Cyclone bulletin 12 for Deep Depression BOB 03|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/indian.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130164548/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/indian.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 November 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=23 October 2016}} This was soon followed by the JTWC issuing a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for the system.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for Deep Depression BOB03|url=https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/io9916web.txt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023201458/https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/io9916web.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 October 2016|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=23 October 2016}} On 24 October, both the IMD and JTWC reported that the storm had reached tropical cyclone strength, with the IMD naming it Kyant.{{efn|The name was suggested by Myanmar, which means crocodile in the Mon language.{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/cyclonic-storm-kyant-weakens-moves-towards-south-coastal-andhra/story-E0Zocb4OwY473p26bos1RK.html|title=Cyclonic storm Kyant weakens, moves towards south coastal Andhra |work=Hindustan Times|date=October 27, 2016|access-date=April 18, 2025|language=en|archive-date=October 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028132428/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/cyclonic-storm-kyant-weakens-moves-towards-south-coastal-andhra/story-E0Zocb4OwY473p26bos1RK.html|url-status=live}}}}{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Warning 001 (TC 03B)|url=https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/io0316web.txt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025111948/https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/io0316web.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 October 2016|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=25 October 2016}}{{cite web|last1=Gopal|first1=Neeta K|title=Tropical Storm 'Kyant' Advisory One|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201610250700.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6lWYuCk07?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201610250700.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 October 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=25 October 2016}} Initially following a northeastward path, the storm re-curved westward off the coast of Myanmar, along the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge, towards the eastern coast of India.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 03B (Three) Warning 002|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201610250900.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522120458/https://www.webcitation.org/6lWZ6VrPr?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201610250900.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2024|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=25 October 2016}} {{cn span|Shortly thereafter, Kyant reached its peak intensity, with sustained winds exceeding {{convert|85|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} and a minimal central pressure of {{convert|998|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|sigfig=4}}. Over the next day, the system experienced dry-air intrusion, due to proximity to land, and within a span of six hours, Kyant lost most of its convective structure and rapidly degenerated, as the storm drifted further west-southwestward.|date=December 2016}} The JTWC issued its final warning at 21:00 UTC on 26 October, and Kyant was last noted as a well-marked low-pressure area off the coast of southern Andhra Pradesh, early on 28 October.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 03B (Three) Warning 008 (Final)|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201610262100.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522120538/https://www.webcitation.org/6lYQAOVE4?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO31-PGTW_201610262100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2024|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=27 October 2016}}{{cite web|last1=Kumar|first1=Naresh|title=Special Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean issued at 0300 UTC of October 28, 2016|url=http://rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013123123/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 October 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=28 October 2016}}

{{clear}}

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=BOB 04 2016-11-04 0455Z.jpg

|Track=BOB04 2016 track.png

|Formed=2 November

|Dissipated=6 November

|3-min winds=25

|Pressure=997

}}

An area of convection persisted in the Gulf of Thailand on 31 October. Over the next few days, the storm crossed the Malay Peninsula and drifted northwestward into the Bay of Bengal, as it steadily organized. Being located in a highly favorable environment, the system rapidly consolidated, which inclined the JTWC to issue a TCFA on 2 November.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (2016-11-02, 0500Z)|url=https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/io9016web.txt|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522120057/https://www.webcitation.org/6liUr7gPB?url=https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/products/io9016web.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2024|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=3 November 2016}} The IMD reported that the area of low pressure had organized into a Depression by the next day.{{cite web|last1=Kumar|first1=Naresh|title=Depression over Central & adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/INDIAN_201611030400.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6ljmsjs27?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/INDIAN_201611030400.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 November 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=3 November 2016}} However, the storm moved into an area of very high wind shear, prompting the JTWC to cancel the TCFA on 4 November.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Cancellation for 90B.|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO21-PGTW_201611040500.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522120219/https://www.webcitation.org/6lplWTJVg?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTIO21-PGTW_201611040500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2024-05-22|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center}} The system gradually weakened as it tracked along the eastern coast of India over the next two days, and dissipated near southeast Bangladesh on 6 November. Around this time, the weakened system triggered heavy rainfall in the coastal areas of West Bengal and Bangladesh, killing 80 people directly.{{cite web|last1=Mohapatra|first1=M|title=Special Tropical Outlook for the North Indian Ocean issued at 1500 UTC of 6 November 2016.|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130155454/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 November 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=7 November 2016}}

{{clear}}

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=Nada 2016-11-30 0725Z.jpg

|Track=Nada 2016 track.png

|Formed=29 November

|Dissipated=2 December

|3-min winds=40

|1-min winds=45

|Pressure=1000

}}

{{cn span|Under the influence of a trough, a low-pressure area formed in the extreme southeastern part of the Bay of Bengal in late November. The low-pressure area slowly consolidated, until it strengthened into Depression BOB 05 on 29 November. This was followed by the JTWC issuing a TCFA for the system, while the storm quickly intensified into a deep depression. Remaining as a deep depression for only a short time, the storm quickly intensified into a cyclonic storm, and was named Nada by the IMD.{{efn|The name was contributed by Oman, which means giving in Arabic. It also symbolized hope in Russian and Scandinavian.{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Cyclone-Nada-turns-a-damp-squib/article16738283.ece|title=Cyclone Nada turns a damp squib|work=The Hindu|date=December 2, 2016|access-date=April 17, 2025|language=en|archive-date=December 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204115350/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Cyclone-Nada-turns-a-damp-squib/article16738283.ece|url-status=live}}}} Shortly thereafter, the storm reached its peak intensity, with sustained winds exceeding {{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} and a minimum central pressure of {{convert|1000|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|sigfig=4}}. Over the next two days, the storm encountered high wind shear, which combined with land interaction, caused the storm to rapidly weaken. Nada later made landfall on the coast of Tamil Nadu, near Karaikal, as a depression. Soon after landfall, the system was last noted as a well-marked low-pressure area over southern Karnataka, on 2 December.|date=December 2016}}

In the wake of Nada, the schools in Tamil Nadu declared a two-day holiday, in order to be available as cyclone shelters. Heavy rainfall lashed southern India and Sri Lanka. Mamallapuram in Tamil Nadu recorded {{convert|110|mm|in|abbr=on}} rainfall within 24 hours on 2 December. Jaffna, Sri Lanka also reported {{convert|110|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall. Tirupati airport Recorded a total of {{convert|272|mm|in|abbr=on}}, which was highest total from the cyclone. 12 deaths were reported, due to incidents related to the storm.{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/Be-proactive-to-check-water-stagnation-residents-told/article16738935.ece|title=Be proactive to check water stagnation, residents told|date=2 December 2016|via=www.thehindu.com}}

{{clear}}

{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=Vardah 2016-12-11 0515Z.jpg

|Track=Vardah 2016 track.png

|Formed=6 December

|Dissipated=13 December

|3-min winds=70

|1-min winds=85

|Pressure=975

}}

{{Main|Cyclones Vardah and ARB 02}}

Under the influence of a persistent area of convection, a low-pressure area formed over the Malay Peninsula, adjoining north Sumatra, in early December 2016. The low-pressure area developed as a tropical disturbance over the next several days, as it slowly moved towards the southeast Bay of Bengal. On 6 December, The IMD classified the system as Depression BOB 06, as it had sufficiently organized itself, with sustained winds of {{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}.{{cite web|last1=Kumar|first1=Naresh|title=Special Tropical Weather Outlook for North Indian Ocean issued at 0600 UTC of 7 December 2016|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612070600.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mhL65LmS?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612070600.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=12 December 2016}} Owing to low wind shear and favorable sea surface temperatures, the storm intensified into a deep depression on the following day.{{cite web|last1=Katiyar|first1=Shobhit|title=Special Tropical Weather Outlook for North Indian Ocean issued at 1930 UTC of 7 December 2016|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612072000.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mhLZzrX2?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612072000.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=12 December 2016}} Skirting off the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as a deep depression, BOB 06 was upgraded to a cyclonic storm by the IMD and JTWC, in the early hours of 8 December, and was assigned the name Vardah by the IMD.{{cite web|last1=Katiyar|first1=Shobhit|title=Tropical Storm Vardah Advisory Number One issued at 0300 UTC of 8 December 2016|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612080400.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mhMA3bdA?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612080400.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=12 December 2016}}

With conditions favorable for further development, Vardah intensified into a severe cyclonic storm on 9 December.{{cite web|last1=Srivastava|first1=Akhil|title=Tropical Storm Vardah Advisory Number Fifteen issued at 2000 UTC of 9 December 2016.|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612092000.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mhMWWRuf?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612092000.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=12 December 2016}} Although predicted to maintain its intensity, Vardah strengthened further, as it followed a generally west-northwestward track, prompting the IMD to upgrade its intensity to very severe cyclonic storm status, on 10 December.{{cite web|last1=Ravindren|first1=Shambu|title=Tropical Storm Vardah Advisory Number Twenty One issued at 1500 UTC of 10 December 2016.|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612101500.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mhMu6G0d?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612101500.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=12 December 2016}} Gradually intensifying as it moved westward, Vardah reached its peak intensity on 11 December, with maximum 3-minute sustained winds of {{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}, and a minimum central pressure of {{convert|975|mbar|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}.{{cite web|last1=Singh|first1=Charan|title=Tropical Storm Vardah Advisory Number Twenty Eight issued at 1200 UTC of 11 December 2016.|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612111200.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mhNKMrRr?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612111200.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=12 December 2016}} On 12 December, Vardah made landfall in southern India and weakened rapidly, before weakening into a remnant low on 13 December. On 14 December, the remnants of Cyclone Vardah crossed the Indian Subcontinent and entered the Arabian Sea on 14 December. Owing to warm sea surface temperatures, the system regenerated into a depression on 17 December, with the IMD assigning the storm a new identifier, ARB 02.

Vardah brought heavy rainfall to Andaman and Nicobar Islands as a deep depression. Hut Bay recorded {{convert|166|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall on 6 December, while Port Blair recorded {{convert|167|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall on 7 December.{{cite news|title=Port Blair receives 76 mm in six hours, 1400 tourists stranded in Havelock|url=http://www.skymetweather.com/content/weather-news-and-analysis/heavy-rains-lash-havelock-in-andaman-navy-to-rescue-800-stranded-tourists/|accessdate=7 December 2016|publisher=Skymet Weather}} More than 1,400 tourists were stranded on the Havelock and Neil islands of the archipelago.{{cite news|last1=PTI|title=At least 1400 tourists stranded due to heavy rainfall in the Andamans.|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/andaman-and-nicobar-islands-havelock-heavy-rainfall-tourists-stranded-4415302/|accessdate=7 December 2016|agency=PTI|newspaper=The Indian Express}}

The cyclone prompted India's largest evacuation in 2 years, with 16,000 people evacuated. 24 deaths related to the cyclone were reported in the State of Tamil Nadu. The cyclone dumped extreme amounts of rainfall within 24 hours after making landfall, at {{convert|382|mm|in|abbr=on}} in Sathyabama University, Chennai, and {{convert|341|mm|in|abbr=on}} in Katupakkam, a suburb of Chennai.{{cite web | archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6mmCk3m6T?url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/Images/d-2r.pdf | url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/Images/d-2r.pdf | archivedate=15 December 2016 | url-status=dead | title=All India Weather Summary | date=13 December 2016 | publisher=India Meteorological Department | accessdate=14 January 2018 }}

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{{Infobox tropical cyclone small

|Basin=NIO

|Image=ARB 02 2016-12-18 0700Z.jpg

|Track=ARB 02 2016 track.png

|Formed=17 December

|Dissipated=18 December

|3-min winds=25

|1-min winds=35

|Pressure=994

}}

{{Main|Cyclones Vardah and ARB 02}}

The remnants of Cyclone Vardah crossed the Indian Subcontinent and entered the Arabian Sea on 14 December.{{cite web|title=Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean Issued at 0600 UTC of 14 December 2016|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612140600.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mqvuQe34?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612140600.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=18 December 2016}} Owing to warm sea surface temperatures, the system regenerated into a depression on 17 December, with the IMD assigning the storm a new identifier, ARB 02.{{cite web|last1=Gopal|first1=Neetha|title=Depression over southwest Arabian Sea|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/INDIAN_201612170600.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mqw42for?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/INDIAN_201612170600.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=18 December 2016}}{{cite web|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Issued on 16 December 2016.|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/ABIO10-PGTW_201612161800.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522072235/https://www.webcitation.org/6mqwL1Yi0?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/ABIO10-PGTW_201612161800.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 May 2024|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=18 December 2016}} On the next day, the system entered an area marked by colder sea surface temperatures and high wind shear, causing it to rapidly weaken into a well-marked low-pressure area, just off the coast of Somalia.{{cite web|last1=Gopal|first1=Neetha|title=Special Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean issued at 0600 UTC of 18 December 2016|url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612180800.pdf|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6mqwjYvc7?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/RSMC_201612180800.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=18 December 2016}}{{cite web|last1=Kumar|first1=Naresh|title=Special Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean issued at 1400 UTC of 18 December 2016.|url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130155454/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/bulletin/rsmc.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 November 2016|publisher=India Meteorological Department|accessdate=18 December 2016}}

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Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached Cyclonic Storm intensity with winds of {{convert|65|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}.

This is a table of all storms in the 2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2016 USD.

{{North Indian Ocean areas affected (Top)}}

|-

| Roanu || {{Sort|01|17–22 May}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{Sort|3|Cyclonic storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{Sort|085|{{convert|85|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A1}}|{{sort|0983|{{convert|983|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Sri Lanka, East coast of India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Yunnan || {{ntsp|2031000000||$}} || {{nts|135}} || {{cite news|title=Sri Lanka finds more landslide fatalities, warns of flood-triggered health crisis|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/05/23/world/sri-lanka-finds-landslide-fatalities-warns-flood-triggered-health-crisis/#.V0JrhpF97IV|accessdate=23 May 2016|agency=AFP-JIJI|newspaper=The Japan Times}}{{cite news|title=Bangladesh avoids high death toll with cyclone evacuation|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/Bangladesh-avoids-high-death-toll-with-cyclone-evacuation/2016/05/23/article3447246.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524113339/http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/Bangladesh-avoids-high-death-toll-with-cyclone-evacuation/2016/05/23/article3447246.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 May 2016|accessdate=23 May 2016|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=23 May 2016}}

|-

| ARB 01 || {{Sort|02|27–29 June}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|1|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{sort|0996|{{convert|996|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Oman, Gujarat || None || None ||

|-

| LAND 01 || {{Sort|03|6–7 July}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|1|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{sort|0996|996 hPa (29.41 inHg) }} || East India || Unknown || None ||

|-

| LAND 02 || {{Sort|04|9–12 August}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|deepdepression}}|{{Sort|2|Deep depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|deepdepression}}|{{Sort|055|{{convert|55|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|deepdepression}}|{{sort|0994|994 hPa (29.35 inHg) }} || East India, Bangladesh || Minimal || 20 ||

|-

| BOB 02 || {{Sort|05|16–20 August}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|1|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{sort|0994|{{convert|994|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || East India, Bangladesh || Unknown || 17 ||

|-

| Kyant || {{Sort|06|21–28 October}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|CS}}|{{Sort|3|Cyclonic storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|CS}}|{{Sort|075|{{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|CS}}|{{sort|0996|{{convert|996|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Andaman Islands, Myanmar, South India || None || None ||

|-

| BOB 04 || {{Sort|07|2–6 November}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|1|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{sort|1000|{{convert|1000|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Malaysia, Thailand, West Bengal, Bangladesh || Unknown || 80 ||

|-

| Nada || {{Sort|08|29 November– 2 December}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|CS}}|{{Sort|3|Cyclonic storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|CS}}|{{Sort|075|{{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|CS}}|{{sort|1000|{{convert|1000|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Sri Lanka, South India || Unknown || 12 ||

|-

| Vardah || {{Sort|09|6–13 December}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|VSCS}}|{{Sort|5|Very severe cyclonic storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|VSCS}}|{{Sort|130|{{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|VSCS}}|{{sort|0975|{{convert|975|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Sumatra, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Chennai (Tamil Nadu) || {{ntsp|3373000000||$}} || 47 ||

|-

| ARB 02 || {{Sort|09|17–18 December}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|5|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{Sort|045|{{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|niodepression}}|{{sort|0994|{{convert|994|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}}} || Somalia || Unknown || None ||

|-

{{TC Areas affected (Bottom)|TC's=10 systems|dates=17 May–
December 18|winds={{convert|130|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}|pres={{convert|975|hPa|inHg|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}|damage={{ntsp|5404000000||$}}|deaths={{nts|401}}|Refs=}}

{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}

{{Commons category}}

• Weather of 2016
• Tropical cyclones in 2016
• 2016 Atlantic hurricane season
• 2016 Pacific hurricane season
• 2016 Pacific typhoon season
• South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 2015–16, 2016–17
• Australian region cyclone seasons: 2015–16, 2016–17
• South Pacific cyclone seasons: 2015–16, 2016–17
• South Atlantic tropical cyclone

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{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/index.php?lang=en India Meteorological Department]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20161125233934/https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/JTWC Joint Typhoon Warning Center]

{{2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons}}

{{TC Decades|Year=2010|basin=North Indian Ocean|type=cyclone}}

{{Tropical cyclone season|2016}}

Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines

2016 NIO