2023 Norwegian local elections

Local administration in Norway is undertaken by the country's subnational divisions, the first-level counties (fylkeskommune) and the second-level municipalities (kommune). Norway is a unitary state, meaning that local governments exert little autonomy beyond what is granted to them by the central Government of Norway. However, each county and municipality is responsible for day-to-day management of various services such as lower-level education, public transportation, and healthcare. Some municipalities also operate with a property tax which funds the municipalities directly, in addition to any funding received from the central government.{{cite web |title=Eiendomsskatt |url=https://www.skatteetaten.no/person/skatt/hjelp-til-riktig-skatt/bolig-og-eiendeler/bolig-eiendom-tomt/eiendomsskatt/ |website=skatteetaten.no |access-date=7 September 2023}}

Counties and municipalities in Norway are administered by directly elected councils, called county councils (fylkesting) and municipal councils (kommunestyre). These are up for election every four years, midway through the term of the Storting, the parliament of Norway. These councils elect a county mayor (fylkesordfører) or a mayor (ordfører) who leads council sessions and partakes in the administration of the county or municipality. On the municipal level, the mayor does not need to maintain the confidence of the council for the duration of the four-year term, and once elected, they remain in their position for the remainder of the term.{{cite news |title=Dette sier ekspertene om muligheten for å avsette en ordfører |url=https://www.varden.no/nyheter/i/WjrKlK/dette-sier-ekspertene-om-muligheten-for-aa-avsette-en-ordfoerer |access-date=7 September 2023 |work=Varden}}

A number of larger cities, including Oslo and Bergen, operate with an alternative system of "city parliamentarism" (byparlamentarisme), under which the city's elected administration is headed by a governing mayor (byrådsleder), who leads a cabinet consisting of several officials in a model mirroring the system used for national government.{{cite web |title=City Governance |url=https://www.oslo.kommune.no/politics-and-administration/politics/city-governance/#toc-1 |website=oslo.kommune.no |date=23 June 2016 |access-date=7 September 2023}} Under this model, an incumbent administration requires the confidence of the local council throughout their term; should they lose it, they may be forced to resign so that a new administration with the confidence of the council can take office. In 2021, the city administration of Oslo led by Raymond Johansen lost a vote of no confidence lodged against one of its officials, Lan Marie Berg, and the entire administration subsequently resigned. However, Johansen was able to resume his position anew shortly thereafter, forming a new administration without Berg and with majority support in the council.{{cite news |title=Oslo-byrådet går av etter mistillit mot Lan Marie Berg |url=https://www.aftenposten.no/oslo/i/zgvQmq/oslo-byraadet-gaar-av-etter-mistillit-mot-lan-marie-berg |access-date=7 September 2023 |publisher=Aftenposten}}

The county and municipal councils are elected by proportional representation, using a modified variant of the Sainte-Laguë method, for fixed terms of four years.{{cite web |title=Lov om valg til Stortinget, fylkesting og kommunestyrer (valgloven) |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2023-06-16-62/KAPITTEL_13#KAPITTEL_13 |website=lovdata.no |access-date=7 September 2023}} Elections are always held in the first half of September, and any citizen of Norway who turns 18 years of age by the end of the calendar year is eligible to vote, meaning that 17-year-olds may vote as long as they turn 18 before 31 December. In addition, residents of Norway who are citizens of one of the other Nordic countries, namely Sweden, Iceland, Denmark, and Finland may vote provided they obtained a residency permit before 30 June of the election year. Citizens of non-Nordic countries may vote provided they have held residency and resided in Norway uninterrupted for at least three consecutive years leading up to election day.

Norwegian elections ordinarily allow for advance voting or early voting, and in the 2023 local elections, this was possible in the period from 3 July until 9 August.{{cite web |title=Når og hvor kan du stemme? |url=https://www.valg.no/for-velgere/kommunestyre--og-fylkestingsvalget-2023/nar-og-hvor-kan-du-stemme/ |website=valg.no |access-date=7 September 2023}} Municipalities typically allocate public buildings such as town halls, public libraries, and schools for advance voting. When voting, voters choose at most one electoral list for each of the county and municipal councils; the voter may select the ballots of two different parties if they wish. Once the polls close, the ballots are counted immediately, and projections and results are typically broadcast on most major Norwegian television networks throughout election night. Seats are awarded proportionally to the political parties and lists both on the county and municipal level. After the election, local political leaders negotiate to form local administrations, which may be one-party or multi-party constellations depending on the composition of the council.

Shortly after coming to power in the 2013 parliamentary election, then-Prime Minister Erna Solberg of the Conservative Party and her centre-right coalition initiated a local government reform aimed at reducing the total number of counties and municipalities in Norway. The stated purpose of this reform was to effectivize the local administrative system and to reduce bureaucracy.{{cite news |last1=Dokk Holm |first1=Erling |title=Erling Dokk Holm: Høyre lovet kommunereform. Hva gikk galt? |url=https://www.aftenposten.no/kultur/kommentar/i/EaJgwa/erling-dokk-holm-hoeyre-lovet-kommunereform-hva-gikk-galt |access-date=7 September 2023 |work=Aftenposten}} The first initiative was passed in 2015, with a "regional reform" bill passed in 2017, and subsequently a number of counties and municipalities were merged; the 19 counties of Norway were reduced in number to 11, while the number of municipalities was reduced from 428 to 356 in the period from 2014 to 2020.{{cite web |title=Historisk utvikling |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/kommuner-og-regioner/kommunestruktur/utviklingen-av-den-norske-kommunestruktu/id751352/ |website=regjeringen.no |date=12 October 2021 |access-date=7 September 2023}} The reforms faced resistance from some parties in the parliamentary opposition, however, and in the run-up to the 2021 parliamentary election, the Centre Party in particular pledged to at least partially reverse the local government reform.{{cite news |title=Senterpartiet vil reversere tvangssammenslåinger |url=https://www.finansavisen.no/nyheter/politikk/2021/04/29/7664805/senterpartiet-vil-reversere-tvangssammenslainger?zephr_sso_ott=v5g239 |access-date=7 September 2023 |work=Finansavisen}} The Centre Party, in alliance with the Labour Party and other center-left parties, won a majority in the 2021 election and formed a new government under Labour leader Jonas Gahr Støre. His government, once in power, allowed for those local governments that had been merged to decide for themselves whether they wanted to continue in their current form, or if they wanted to split up and revert to their pre-reform borders.{{cite web |title=Informasjon til tvangssammenslåtte kommuner om prosess og tidsplan for mulig deling |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/informasjon-til-tvangssammenslatte-kommuner-om-prosess-og-tidsplan-for-mulig-deling/id2886634/ |website=regjeringen.no |date=12 November 2021 |access-date=7 September 2023}} As a result, several local governments voted to reverse their mergers over the following months. Among these was the council of the newly formed county of Viken, which voted in early 2022 to reverse the merger and revert to the pre-reform counties of Akershus, Buskerud, and Østfold.{{cite news |last1=Vadla |first1=Amalie |title=Fylkestinget har vedtatt å oppløse Viken |url=https://www.dagsavisen.no/nyheter/innenriks/2022/02/23/viken-skal-opploses-har-fylkestinget-vedtatt/ |access-date=7 September 2023 |work=Dagsavisen}} Likewise, the new counties of Troms og Finnmark and Vestfold og Telemark will also split up. Although Norway still practically operates with 11 counties at the time of the 2023 local elections, the vote is based on the new borders, meaning that any counties and municipalities that are in the process of splitting up will elect their own separate councils, which will remain in office after the split is completed. From 1 January 2024, there will be 15 counties in Norway.{{cite web |title=Fylkesinndelingen fra 2024 |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/kommuner-og-regioner/kommunestruktur/fylkesinndelingen-fra-2024/id2922222/ |website=regjeringen.no |date=5 July 2022 |access-date=7 September 2023}}

In Norway, school elections are held every two years in the weeks leading up to major elections, including parliamentary and local elections. In school elections, students at Norwegian high schools, ordinarily aged between 15 and 19, are invited to partake in a mock election in which they cast ballots for the various Norwegian political parties. This arrangement was introduced in 1989, and forms part of the students' civic education and typically receives particular focus in general social science classes. During the election campaign, the country's various youth parties send delegations to high schools where multi-party debates are held, largely on issues concerning students and youth. The students themselves also frequently prepare for, and participate in, their own political debates as a school assignment. In the 2023 local elections, 391 high schools across the country signed up for the school election process, of which 368 registered their results in time for them to be included in the national results; voting took place on 4 and 5 September.{{cite news |title=Høyre og Frp størst i skolevalget – flertall for høyresiden |url=https://www.nrk.no/norge/skolevalget_-hoyre-og-frp-storst-_-flertall-for-hoyresiden-1.16539493 |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=NRK}}

In the 2023 school elections, the Conservatives emerged as the largest party, securing 21.9% of the vote, an increase of 8.9 points from the previous comparable election in 2019.{{cite web |title=Skuleval |url=https://sikt.no/skolevalg |website=sikt.no |access-date=8 September 2023}} The Progress Party came in second place with 19.5%, more than doubling its share from 2019. The Labour Party scored just 17.0%, a 9.5 point drop from the 26.5% it obtained in the 2019 vote. In all, the five red-green parties obtained a nationwide score of 40.6% against 53.6% for the four centre-right parties, in a sharp reversal of the results in both 2019 and 2021. Reacting to his party's victory and referring to the poor showing of the Green Party in particular, the leader of the Norwegian Young Conservatives, Ola Svenneby, said "I think we can pronounce 'Generation Greta Thunberg' dead", sparking some controversy and reactions from environmentalists and other political opponents.{{cite news |last1=Hansen |first1=Bendik |last2=Småkasin Lien |first2=Marthe |title=Skolevalget 2023 - Ikke et arbeidsuhell |url=https://www.dagbladet.no/nyheter/ikke-et-arbeidsuhell/80156797 |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=Dagbladet}} Responding to the criticism, Svenneby later commented on his own statement, saying "It was not my intention to attack the climate enthusiasm that many young people have. I believe the Young Conservatives remain a climate party".{{cite news |title=Svenneby tek sjølvkritikk etter Thunberg-utspel |url=https://www.nrk.no/norge/reagerer-pa-greta-thunberg-utspel-fra-valvinnaren-1.16543904 |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=NRK}}

In the run-up to the election, various organizations conducted opinion polls to gauge voting intentions. Below is a week-by-week average of all opinion polls conducted on voting intention for the municipal elections, aggregated by poll tracker [https://www.pollofpolls.no/?cmd=Kommunestyre&do=vispopalle&dato=2023-08-13 pollofpolls.no].

The results listed below are preliminary results, with 100.0% of the vote counted as of 12:40 CEST, according to Norwegian election authorities.{{cite web |title=Valgresultat |url=https://valgresultat.no/valg/2023/ko |website=valgresultat.no |access-date=11 September 2023}} Preliminary result and turnout figures do not necessarily reflect the final result.

{{Election results

|party1=Conservative Party|votes1=675718|seats1=1717|sc1=+229|color1={{party color|Conservative Party of Norway (2020)}}

|party2=Labour Party|votes2=565253|seats2=2023|sc2=–560

|party3=Progress Party|votes3=297289|seats3=948|sc3=+247

|party4=Centre Party|votes4=212918|seats4=1274|sc4=–991

|party5=Socialist Left Party|votes5=177298|seats5=484|sc5=+29

|party6=Liberal Party|votes6=129901|seats6=280|sc6=+16

|party7=Green Party|votes7=107877|seats7=157|sc7=–153

|party8=Christian Democratic Party|votes8=103623|seats8=359|sc8=–52

|party9=Red Party|votes9=90801|seats9=192|sc9=–1

|party10=Industry and Business Party|votes10=79996|seats10=241|sc10=+241

|party11=Pensioners' Party|votes11=39035|seats11=84|sc11=+24

|party12=Norway Democrats|votes12=13110|seats12=10|sc12=0

|party13=Conservative|votes13=12178|seats13=14|sc13=+8

|party14=The Centre|votes14=11086|seats14=7|sc14=+7

|party15=Capitalist Party|votes15=4607|seats15=0|sc15=0

|party16=People's Party|votes16=4517|seats16=0|sc16=–51

|party17=Communist Party of Norway|votes17=1118|seats17=0|sc17=0

|party18=Alliance|votes18=990|seats18=–9|sc18=0

|party19=Coastal Party|votes19=558|seats19=1|sc19=–10

|party20=Health Party|votes20=478|seats20=0|sc20=0|color20={{party color|Independent}}

|party21=Árja|votes21=154|seats21=0|sc21=0

|party22=Sámi People's Party|votes22=136|seats22=0|sc22=–9

|party23=Others|votes23=82039|seats23=0|sc23=0|color23={{party color|Independent}}

|total_sc=0

|invalid=30523

|electorate=4341516

|source=[https://valgresultat.no/valg/2023/ko][https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/politikk/i/gEAOe9/valg-2023-valgresultater-fra-kommunevalget-og-fylkestingsvalget#/norge]

}}

{{Election results

|party1=Conservative Party|votes1=538861|seats1=163|sc1=+56|color1={{party color|Conservative Party of Norway (2020)}}

|party2=Labour Party|votes2=460771|seats2=153|sc2=+5

|party3=Progress Party|votes3=263268|seats3=87|sc3=+32

|party4=Centre Party|votes4=182391|seats4=61|sc4=–55

|party5=Socialist Left Party|votes5=131618|seats5=43|sc5=+9

|party6=Christian Democratic Party|votes6=94063|seats6=29|sc6=+4

|party7=Industry and Business Party|votes7=91445|seats7=30|sc7=+30

|party8=Liberal Party|votes8=82148|seats8=25|sc8=+9

|party9=Green Party|votes9=78017|seats9=24|sc9=–12

|party10=Red Party|votes10=74305|seats10=25|sc10=+5

|party11=Pensioners' Party|votes11=39257|seats11=9|sc11=+3

|party12=Conservative|votes12=14737|seats12=1|sc12=0

|party13=Norway Democrats|votes13=13576|seats13=0|sc13=–3

|party14=The Centre|votes14=8133|seats14=0|sc14=0

|party15=Nordkalottfolket|votes15=7951|seats15=8|sc15=+7

|party16=Capitalist Party|votes16=5302|seats16=0|sc16=0

|party17=Bergen List|votes17=4912|seats17=1|sc17=0|color17={{party color|Independent}}

|party18=People's Party|votes18=4010|seats18=0|sc18=–13

|party19=Others|votes19=17805|seats19=5|sc19=+1|color19={{party color|Independent}}

|total_sc=0

|invalid=46829

|electorate=4341516

|source=[https://valgresultat.no/valg/2023/fy]

}}

According to Statistisk sentralbyrå, a total of NOK 89.8 million in campaign contributions was raised by all political parties in 2023.{{Cite web |title=Valgkampbidrag |url=https://www.ssb.no/valg/stortingsvalg/statistikk/valgkampbidrag |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=SSB |language=nb}}

• Norwegian municipal elections

{{notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

• [https://www.nrk.no/vestland/valg-2023_-debatt-fra-alle-43-kommuner-i-vestland-og-utsporring-av-fylkestoppene-1.16507054 NRK: radio debate from every municipality in Vestland County]

{{Norwegian elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Norwegian local elections, 2023}}

Category:2023 elections in Europe

Local elections

Local elections

Category:September 2023 in Europe

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