25C-NBOMe

File:25C-NBOMe blotter.jpg

25C-NBOMe is extremely potent and the effects of the drug increase greatly within a small window of dosage adjustment. Overdose may occur at as little as double an average dose. With inaccurate dosing of street blotter paper, when mistaken for LSD, or when taken as a powder or liquid, this has resulted in multiple accidental deaths.{{Cite journal | vauthors = Kamińska K, Świt P, Malek K |date=2020 |title=25C-NBOMe short characterisation |journal=Forensic Toxicology|volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=490–495 |doi=10.1007/s11419-020-00530-1 |s2cid=214704393 |doi-access=free }}

One study has shown that 25C-NBOMe blotters have 'hotspots' of the drug and the dosage is not evenly applied over the surface of the paper, which could lead to overdose.{{cite journal | vauthors = Lützen E, Holtkamp M, Stamme I, Schmid R, Sperling M, Pütz M, Karst U | title = Multimodal imaging of hallucinogens 25C- and 25I-NBOMe on blotter papers | journal = Drug Testing and Analysis | volume = 12 | issue = 4 | pages = 465–471 | date = April 2020 | pmid = 31846172 | doi = 10.1002/dta.2751 | s2cid = 209388281 | doi-access = free }} Sublingually, the threshold for the onset of hallucinogenic effects reportedly is about 100–250 μg, with mild effects at 250–450, strong effects at 450–800, and very strong effects over 800 μg.[http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2cc_nbome/2cc_nbome_dose.shtml 2C-C-NBOMe Dose] - erowid

NBOMe-substituted compounds have a diminished absorption rate passing through mucous membranes, but generally remain inactive when taken orally. Buccal, sublingual or insufflated routes of administration are all viable options. Absorption rate buccally and sublingually can be increased when complexed with HPBCD complexing sugar, however the most efficient is nasal administration, which shortens the duration while increasing intensity, but has been attributed to several overdoses and deaths.{{cite journal | vauthors = Grautoff S, Kähler J | title = [Near fatal intoxication with the novel psychoactive substance 25C-NBOMe] | language = de | journal = Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin | volume = 109 | issue = 4 | pages = 271–275 | date = May 2014 | pmid = 24770890 | doi = 10.1007/s00063-014-0360-5 }}

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• strong open- and closed-eye visuals, including trails, color shifts, brightening, etc.
• mood lift
• euphoria
• mental and physical stimulation
• increase in associative & creative thinking
• increased awareness & appreciation of music
• life-changing spiritual experiences
• feelings of love and empathy
• increased pattern recognition (psychology)
• synesthesia and chromesthesia (intensified for those who experience these while sober)

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• general change in consciousness
• pupil dilation
• unusual body sensations (paresthesia, flushing, chills, goose bumps)
• change in perception of time, time dilation
• increased heart rate
• jaw clenching (bruxism)
• yawning, especially when coming up
• insomnia
• looping, recursive, out-of-control thinking
• dissociation

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(Includes negative side effects arising from overdose; likelihood of negative side effects increases with dose)

• confusion and difficulty focusing
• scrambled communication
• tunnel vision
• vasoconstriction leading to ischemia
• nausea and vomiting (normally only during the onset for those affected)
• paranoia, fear, and panic
• irritation of the throat
• irritation of mucous membranes
• upper respiratory irritation and difficulty breathing/swallowing
• unwanted and overwhelming feelings or life-changing spiritual experiences
• syncope
• shaking
• seizure (higher in NBOMes compared to other psychedelics).{{cite journal | journal = Frontiers in Neuroscience | vauthors = Jolanta Z, Monika K, and Piotr A | doi = 10.3389/fnins.2020.00078 | date = 26 February 2020 | volume = 14 | pmid = 32174803 | title = NBOMes–Highly Potent and Toxic Alternatives of LSD | page = 78 | doi-access = free | pmc = 7054380 }}
• dystonia and clonus
• death

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{{See also|Psychedelic drug#Interactions|Trip killer#Serotonergic psychedelic antidotes}}

{{Excerpt | 25-NB | Toxicity and harm potential}}

{{Excerpt | 25-NB | Neurotoxic and cardiotoxic actions}}

{{Excerpt | 25-NB | Emergency treatment}}

25C-NBOMe acts as a serotonin 5-HT₂ receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT_2A receptor.

25C-NBOMe is derived from the psychedelic phenethylamine 2C-C by substitution on the amine with a 2-methoxybenzyl group. 25C-NBOMe is a clumpy white powder with a notably bitter and metallic taste.

{{2C-C analogues and derivatives}}

{{See also|25-NB#History}}

25C-NBOMe was first described in the scientific literature by Anders Ettrup and colleagues by 2010.

25C-NBOMe has been found on blotter mimics sold as LSD.{{cite journal | vauthors = Zuba D, Sekuła K, Buczek A | title = 25C-NBOMe--new potent hallucinogenic substance identified on the drug market | journal = Forensic Science International | volume = 227 | issue = 1–3 | pages = 7–14 | date = April 2013 | pmid = 22989597 | doi = 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.027 }}

As of October 31, 2016; 25C-NBOMe is a controlled substance (Schedule III) in Canada.{{cite web | url = https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2016/2016-05-04/html/sor-dors72-eng.html | title = Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Part J — 2C-phenethylamines) | website = Government of Canada | date = 4 May 2016 | access-date = 6 May 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220805234932/https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2016/2016-05-04/html/sor-dors72-eng.html | archive-date = 5 August 2022 | url-status = live}}

As of October 2015, 25C-NBOMe is a controlled substance in China.{{cite web | url=http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html | title=关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 | publisher=China Food and Drug Administration | date=27 September 2015 | language=zh | access-date=1 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001222554/http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html | archive-date=1 October 2015 | url-status=dead }}

25C-NBOMe is banned in the Czech Republic.{{cite web | url=http://www.mzcr.cz/Admin/_upload/files/3/Nov%C3%A9%20PL.pdf | title=Látky, o které byl doplněn seznam č. 4 psychotropních látek (příloha č. 4 k nařízení vlády č. 463/2013 Sb.) | publisher=Ministerstvo zdravotnictví | language=cs | access-date=2016-02-06 | archive-date=2016-03-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309174659/http://www.mzcr.cz/Admin/_upload/files/3/Nov%C3%A9%20PL.pdf | url-status=dead }}

The NBOMe series of psychoactives became controlled in Israel in May, 2013.{{cite web |url=http://www.health.gov.il/English/Pages/HomePage.aspx |title=Amendment to Dangerous Drugs Ordinance |website=Israeli Ministry of Health |date=7 June 2013 |access-date=11 September 2015}}

25C-NBOMe was sold as a designer drug in New Zealand in early 2012, but was withdrawn from sale after a statement by Associate Health Minister Peter Dunne that 25C-NBOMe would be considered to be substantially similar in chemical structure to the illegal hallucinogen DOB, and was therefore a Class C controlled drug analogue.[http://www.sciencemediacentre.co.nz/2012/03/13/legal-high-dime-not-so-legal/ 'Legal high' DIME not so legal. Science Media Centre, March 13th 2012]

Russia became the first country to regulate the NBOME class. The entire NBOMe series of psychoactives became controlled in the Russian Federation starting October, 2011.{{cite web |url=https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/nbome/nbome_law.shtml |title=NBOMe Series Legal Status |publisher=Erowid |access-date=5 September 2015}}{{cite web |url=http://www.rg.ru/2011/10/19/narko-dok.html |title=Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 6 октября 2011 г. N 822 г. Москва |date=19 October 2011 |access-date=5 September 2015 |language=ru}}

Sveriges riksdag added 25C-NBOMe to schedule I ("substances, plant materials and fungi which normally do not have medical use") as narcotics in Sweden as of Aug 1, 2013, published by Medical Products Agency in their regulation LVFS 2013:15 listed as 25C-NBOMe 2-(4-kloro-2,5-dimetoxifenyl)-N-(2-metoxibensyl)etanamin.{{cite web |url=https://lakemedelsverket.se/upload/lvfs/LVFS_2013-15.pdf |title=Föreskrifter om ändring i Läkemedelsverkets föreskrifter (LVFS 2011:10) om förteckningar över narkotika |date=24 July 2013 |access-date=5 September 2015 | vauthors = Åkerman CR }}

{{N-benzylphenethylamine-Legality-United Kingdom}}

Several NBOMe series compounds will be temporarily scheduled in the United States for 2 years. The temporary scheduling applies to 25C-NBOMe, 25B-NBOMe, and 25I-NBOMe.{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-10-10/pdf/2013-24432.pdf |title=Proposed Rules |publisher=Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) |date=10 October 2013 |access-date=5 September 2015 | vauthors = Harrigan TM }} In November 2015, the temporary scheduling was extended for another year.{{cite journal | author = Drug Enforcement Administration | title = Schedules of Controlled Substances: Extension of Temporary Placement of Three Synthetic Phenethylamines in Schedule I. Final order | journal = Federal Register | volume = 80 | issue = 219 | pages = 70657–70659 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26567439 }}

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{{Reflist}}

• [https://isomerdesign.com/pihkal/explore/343 25C-NBOMe - Isomer Design]

{{Psychedelics}}

{{Serotonin receptor modulators}}

{{Phenethylamines}}

Category:5-HT2A agonists

Category:25-NB (psychedelics)

Category:Chlorobenzene derivatives

Category:Designer drugs

Category:2-Methoxyphenyl compounds