576p
{{Short description|Shorthand name for a video display resolution}}
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{{Merge to|576i|date=January 2025}}
576p is the shorthand name for a video display resolution. The p stands for progressive scan, i.e. non-interlaced, the 576 for a vertical resolution of 576 pixels (the frame rate can be given explicitly after the letter).{{cite web |last=AfterDawn.com |title=576p - AfterDawn: Glossary of technology terms & acronyms |url=http://www.afterdawn.com/glossary/terms/576p.cfm}}{{cite book |last=Jack |first=Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kp5J7G8kXN4C&dq=%22576p%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA51 |title=Video Demystified: A Handbook for the Digital Engineer |date=19 June 2005 |publisher=Newnes |isbn=9780750678223 |via=Google Books}} Usually it corresponds to a digital video mode with a 4:3 anamorphic resolution of 720x576 and a frame rate of 25 frames per second (576p25), and thus using the same bandwidth and carrying the same amount of pixel data as 576i, but other resolutions and frame rates are possible.{{cite book |last=Jack |first=Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9xQbHjZwfz4C&dq=%22576p%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA47 |title=Digital Video and DSP: Instant Access |date=7 October 2008 |publisher=Newnes |isbn=9780080560120 |via=Google Books}}
ITU-R Recommendation BT.1358 allows the following resolutions, coded as R'G'B' or YCBCR, with timings compatible with BT.656:{{cite book |url=https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/bt/R-REC-BT.1358-1-200709-W!!PDF-E.pdf |title=Recommendation ITU-R BT.1358-1 - Studio parameters of 625 and 525 line progressive television systems |publisher=ITU-R |year=2007}}
- 1024 x 576p (16:9 square pixel format)
- 960 x 576p
- 936 x 576p (based on 960 x 576p, blanking the first and last 12 pixels of each line)
- 768 x 576p (4:3 square pixel format)
- 720 x 576p (4:3 anamorphic)
- 704 x 576p (based on 720 x 576p, blanking the first and last 8 pixels of each line)
- 544 x 576p
- 480 x 576p
576p is considered standard definition for PAL regions. It can be transported by both major digital television formats (ATSC and DVB) and on DVD-Video (if limited to 25 fps). It is defined as a valid enhanced-definition television resolution in the SMPTE standard 344M.{{cite book |last=Poynton |first=Charles |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rsEwE2X3cFAC&dq=%22SMPTE+344M%22+-wiki&pg=PA130 |title=Digital Video and HD: Algorithms and Interfaces |year=2003 |isbn=9781558607927}} SMPTE 344M defines a 576p50 standard with twice the data rate of BT.601, using {{resx|704 × 576}} active pixels with {{resx|16 × 576}} horizontal blanking pixels.
PAL
This resolution can be also named as PAL, for example in the context home video{{cite web |date=19 June 2004 |title=Digit |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-VUAAAAMAAJ&q=PAL+%22576p%22+-wikipedia |publisher=IDG Communications. |via=Google Books}}{{cite web |last=Magazines |first=S. P. H. |date=19 February 2007 |title=HWM |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DusDAAAAMBAJ&dq=DVD+%22576p%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT50 |publisher=SPH Magazines |via=Google Books}} or gaming consoles,{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=Brian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2YP3xJVcXf4C&dq=Xbox+360+576p+pal&pg=PA52 |title=Xbox 360?For Dummies |last2=Mackenzie |first2=Duncan |date=31 January 2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9780471771807 |via=Google Books}}{{cite web |title=PS3 | Video Output Settings |url=https://manuals.playstation.net/document/en/ps3/current/settings/videooutput.html |website=manuals.playstation.net}} because of its relation with the analog color system using a similar number of scanlines. but 576p can be used to generate both PAL or SECAM interlaced analog signals (where both interlaced fields correspond to a unique frame).
576p50
With doubled temporal resolution, 576p50 is considered enhanced-definition television (EDTV), regardless of the image being scaled the same way as an interlaced frame. In some countries, such as Australia, the 576p resolution standard is technically considered high-definition{{cite web |title=Buying guide: TVs - Good Gear Guide Australia |url=https://www.goodgearguide.com.au/article/362585/buying_guide_tvs/?pp=6 |website=www.goodgearguide.com.au}}{{cite web |title=Digital Television - Who's Buying it? Chapter 4: Content and quality |url=https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/House_of_representatives_Committees?url=cita/digitaltv/report/chapter4.pdf |website=Parliament of Australia |page=134}} and was in use by the Special Broadcasting Service (SBS TV), eventually replaced by 720p for its high-definition subchannel; SBS later changed to using 1080i. The Seven Network initially used 576p for its high-definition subchannel, but now uses 1080i instead.
The frames are doubled (from a 25 frame source) on broadcast (to avoid flicker) for display devices that lack any kind of frame doubling ability. Widescreen 16:9 material has only the width scaled down to fit 720 pixels instead of an unscaled 1024 width.