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Abdurrahman Shihab

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific_prefix = Anregurutta professor Habib

| name = Abdurrahman Shihab

| native_name = عبد الرحمن شهاب

| native_name_lang = ar

| honorific_suffix =

| image = Abdurrahman Sjihab.jpg

| caption = Portrait of Abdurrahman Shihab as a member of the Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia

| office = Member of Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia

| term_start = 9 November 1956

| term_end = 5 July 1959

| president = Sukarno

| primeminister = Ali Sastroamidjojo
Djuanda Kartawidjaja

| vicepresident =

| viceprimeminister =

| parliamentarygroup = Masyumi

| constituency = South-Southeast Sulawesi

| predecessor =

| successor =

| prior_term =

| order2 = 2nd

| office2 = Rector of the Indonesian Muslim University of Makassar

| term_start2 = 1959

| term_end2 = 1965

| predecessor2 = Prof. Muchtar Lintang

| successor2 = La Tunrung

| order3 = 3rd

| office3 = Rector of the Alauddin Islamic State University

| term_start3 = 1973

| term_end3 = 1979

| predecessor3 = Drs. H. Muhyiddin Zain

| successor3 = Drs. H. A. Moerad Oesman

| pronunciation = ʕabd ar-raħmaːn ʃihaːb

| birth_name = Abd al-Rahman

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|1|14|df=y}}

| birth_place = Makassar, Celebes, Dutch East Indies

| death_date = {{Death year and age|1986|1915}}

| death_place = Ujung Pandang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

| death_cause =

| resting_place =

| nationality = Indonesian

| party = Masyumi Party

| children = 13 (including Umar Shihab, Quraish Shihab, Alwi Shihab, and Ahmad Nizar Shihab)

| residence = Makassar

| education = Jamiat Kheir

| occupation = {{hlist|Ulama (mufassir)|academic|politician}}

| known_for =

}}

Anregurutta professor Habib Abdurrahman Shihab{{sfn|Muhammad|2017|p=59}} ({{langx|ar| عبد الرحمن شهاب |ʿAbd ar-Raḥman Šihāb}}; {{IPA|ar|ʕabd ar-raħmaːn ʃihaːb}}; 14 January 1915 – 1986) was an Indonesian academic, politician, and Qur'anic interpretation expert (mufassir) from Makassar, South Sulawesi. As a politician, Abdurrahman was a member of the Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia (9 November 1956 – 5 July 1959) from the Masyumi Party fraction. Meanwhile, as an academician, he served as 2nd rector of the Indonesian Muslim University of Makassar in the period 1959–1965 and the 3rd rector of the Alauddin Islamic State University from 1973 to 1979.

Biography

=Early life=

Abdurrahman Shihab was born in Makassar, South Sulawesi{{sfn|Konstituante.Net 2018, Profil Anggota}} as the only child of Habib Ali bin Abdurrahman Shihab, a preacher and education cleric from Hadhramaut, Yemen.{{sfn|Tribun Timur 2017, Wasiat AGH Habib (1)}} Abdurrahman came from the Arab Hadhrami family of the Ba 'Alawi sada group surnamed Aal Shihab-Uddīn.{{sfn|Muchlis|2017|p=38}} His father had immigrated from Hadhramaut to South Sulawesi since he was young to preach, he died in Makassar in 1333 AH (around 1915 AD) at the age of 52 when Abdurrahman was a baby.{{sfn|Tribun Timur 2017, Wasiat AGH Habib (1)}}

=Education=

Because Abdurrahman had been orphaned since a baby, stepping on young he was invited by his uncle to Jakarta to be sent to school at Jamiat Kheir.{{sfn|Muchlis|2017|p=39}} He began his education at the madrasah ibtidaiyah level (Europeesche Lagere School level) in Jamiat Kheir and graduated in 1927. After that he continued his education at the madrasah tsanawiyah level (Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs level) and graduated in 1930, while at the madrasah aliyah level (Algemene Middelbare School level) he completed in 1934.{{sfn|Konstituante.Net 2018, Profil Anggota}} After graduating from Jamiat Kheir, Abdurrahman then returned to South Sulawesi and lived in Rappang, Sidenreng Rappang Regency for 10 years.{{sfn|Tribun Timur 2017, Wasiat AGH Habib (1)}}

=Personal life=

File:Abdurrahman Shihab and Family.jpg

After staying for 10 years at Sidenreng Rappang, Abdurrahman married a Bugis girl, a local noble daughter named Asma Aburisy.{{sfn|Tribun Timur 2017, Wasiat AGH Habib (1)}} From his marriage to Asma, Abdurrahman was blessed with 13 children, including Nur Shihab, Ali Shihab, Umar Shihab, Quraish Shihab, Wardah Shihab, and Alwi Shihab, his first six children were born in Rappang, Sidenreng Rappang Regency.{{sfn|M. Quraish Shihab 2014, Profile}} While seven other children were born in Kampung Buton, Makassar, because after the birth of Alwi, Abdurrahman took his family to Jalan Sulawesi Lorong 194/7 Makassar City.{{sfn|Tempo Magazine|2015|p=50}} The seven children born in Kampung Buton included Nina Shihab, Sida Shihab, Ahmad Nizar Shihab, Abdul Mutalib Shihab, Salwa Shihab, Ulfa Shihab, and Latifah Shihab.{{sfn|M. Quraish Shihab 2014, Profile}}

Of the thirteen children, some of them followed in the footsteps of Abdurrahman as a mufassir (Qur'anic exegete), academic, and politician.{{sfn|Shihab|2017|p=171}} Like his third child, Umar, was a cleric who sat on the ranks of members of the Indonesian Ulema Council.{{sfn|Shihab|2017|p=172}} While the Quraish and Alwi were Qur'anic interpreters and both once sat in the government seat as a ministers.{{sfn|Tempo Magazine|2015|p=54–56}} Aside from being interpreters who wrote monumental works of Tafsir Al-Mishbah, Quraish was also the Minister of Religious Affairs in the Seventh Development Cabinet of the Suharto era,{{sfn|M. Quraish Shihab 2014, Profile}} while Alwi was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the National Unity Cabinet of the Abdurrahman Wahid era and the Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare in the United Indonesia Cabinet of the Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono era. As a politician, Alwi had even been the chairman of the National Awakening Party for the 2002–2005 period, and in 2006 he became one of the founders of the Ulema National Awakening Party.{{sfn|VIVA.co.id 2018, Profil Alwi Shihab}} Meanwhile, Nizar, Abdurrahman's ninth child was an anesthesiologist and had been a member of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia for the period 2009–2014.{{sfn|Kompas.com 2009, Ahmad Nizar}}

Career

=Political=

File:Abdurrahman Shihab and Soekarno at Constitutional Assembly.jpg (right) at Constitutional Assembly of Indonesia.]]

Abdurrahman began actively working in politics since the 1950s. During 1950–51, he was active as a member and administrators of the Makassar branch of the Masyumi, only in 1951–52 was he appointed a member of the Majelis Syuro Masyumi for the Sulawesi region, and in 1952–56 he became a member of the Masyumi leadership for the Sulawesi region.{{sfn|Konstituante.Net 2018, Profil Anggota}}

In the 1955 Indonesian Constituent Assembly election, Abdurrahman succeeded in occupying the parliamentary seat as a member of the Constituent Assembly of Indonesia from the Masyumi Party fraction in the electoral district of South-Southeast Sulawesi with membership number 322.{{sfn|Konstituante.Net 2018, Profil Anggota}}

References

=Footnotes=

{{Reflist|30em}}

=Bibliography=

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite web |last1=Hidayat |first1=Syahrul |last2=Fogg |first2=Kevin W. |url=http://www.konstituante.net/id/profile/MASJUMI_abdurrahman_sjihab |date=1 January 2018 |title=Profil Anggota: Abdurrahman Sjihab |trans-title=Member Profile: Abdurrahman Sjihab |language=id |website=Konstituante.Net |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180906100928/http://www.konstituante.net/id/profile/MASJUMI_abdurrahman_sjihab |archive-date=6 September 2018 |access-date=6 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|Konstituante.Net 2018, Profil Anggota}} }}
  • {{cite web |editor-last=Mappanganro |editor-first=Jumadi |url=http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2017/08/04/wasiat-agh-habib-abdurahman-shihab-ke-putranya-prof-quraish-shihab |date=4 August 2017 |title=Wasiat AGH Habib Abdurahman Shihab ke Putranya, Prof Quraish Shihab |trans-title=Testament of Habib Abdurahman Shihab to his Son, Prof. Quraish Shihab |language=id |series=1 |website=Tribun Timur |location=Jakarta |publisher=TRIBUNnews.com Network |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180906101609/http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2017/08/04/wasiat-agh-habib-abdurahman-shihab-ke-putranya-prof-quraish-shihab |archive-date=6 September 2018 |access-date=6 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|Tribun Timur 2017, Wasiat AGH Habib (1)}} |url-status=live }}
  • {{cite web |editor-last=Mappanganro |editor-first=Jumadi |url=http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2017/08/04/wasiat-agh-habib-abdurahman-shihab-ke-putranya-prof-quraish-shihab?page=2 |date=4 August 2017 |title=Wasiat AGH Habib Abdurahman Shihab ke Putranya, Prof Quraish Shihab |trans-title=Testament of Habib Abdurahman Shihab to his Son, Prof. Quraish Shihab |language=id |series=2 |website=Tribun Timur |location=Jakarta |publisher=TRIBUNnews.com Network |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180906101618/http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2017/08/04/wasiat-agh-habib-abdurahman-shihab-ke-putranya-prof-quraish-shihab?page=2 |archive-date=6 September 2018 |access-date=6 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|Tribun Timur 2017, Wasiat AGH Habib (2)}} |url-status=live }}
  • {{cite web |last=Muhammad |first=Firdaus |editor-last=Aldy |url=http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2015/11/11/50-tahun-uin-memanggungkan-peradaban |date=11 November 2015 |title=50 Tahun UIN Memanggungkan Peradaban |trans-title=50 Years of UIN to Perform Civilization |language=id |website=Tribun Timur |location=Jakarta |publisher=TRIBUNnews.com Network |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180906102502/http://makassar.tribunnews.com/2015/11/11/50-tahun-uin-memanggungkan-peradaban |archive-date=6 September 2018 |access-date=6 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|Tribun Timur 2015, 50 Tahun UIN}} |url-status=live }}
  • {{cite web |url=http://quraishshihab.com/profile/ |title=Profile: Muhammad Quraish Shihab |language=id |website=M. Quraish Shihab official website |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140818042301/http://quraishshihab.com/profile/ |archive-date=18 August 2014 |access-date=6 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|M. Quraish Shihab 2014, Profile}} |url-status=dead }}
  • {{cite web |url=https://www.viva.co.id/siapa/read/330-alwi-shihab |title=Profil Dr. Alwi Abdurrahman Shihab |trans-title=Profile of Dr. Alwi Abdurrahman Shihab |language=id |website=VIVA.co.id |location=Jakarta |publisher=Viva Media Baru |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180224114531/https://www.viva.co.id/siapa/read/330-alwi-shihab |archive-date=24 February 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|VIVA.co.id 2018, Profil Alwi Shihab}} |url-status=live }}
  • {{cite web |url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2009/09/29/20451611/Ahmad.Nizar..dari.Dokter.Anastesi.Menjadi.Politisi |date=29 September 2009 |title=Ahmad Nizar, dari Dokter Anastesi Menjadi Politisi |trans-title=Ahmad Nizar, from an Anesthetist Became a Politician |language=id |website=Kompas.com |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180907065053/https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2009/09/29/20451611/Ahmad.Nizar..dari.Dokter.Anastesi.Menjadi.Politisi |archive-date=7 September 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |ref={{sfnRef|Kompas.com 2009, Ahmad Nizar}} |url-status=live }}

{{Refend}}

=Further reading=

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite magazine |last=Tempo |date=12 July 2015 |title=Memoar Muhammad Quraish Shihab |trans-title=Memoirs of Muhammad Quraish Shihab |language=id |url=https://www.slideshare.net/HeruTriyono2/memoarquraishshihabmbm20150712 |magazine=Tempo Magazine |location=Jakarta |publisher=Tempo Inti Media |pages=48–57 |ref={{sfnRef|Tempo Magazine|2015}} }}
  • {{cite book |last=Muhammad |first=Firdaus |date=2017 |title=Anregurutta: Literasi Ulama Sulselbar |trans-title=Anregurutta: Literacy of South and West Sulawesi Ulama |language=id |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lDETuAEACAAJ |location=Makassar |publisher=Nala Cipta Litera |isbn=9786028003445 }}
  • {{cite journal |last=Muchlis |first=Anna Asriani |date=2017 |title=Bertahan di Tengah Krisis: Pendirian Universitas Muslim Indonesia (UMI) Makassar, 1945-1965 |trans-title=Surviving Amid Crisis: Establishment of the Indonesian Muslim University (UMI) Makassar, 1945–1965 |language=id |url=http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/jlb/article/view/3048/1600 |journal=Lensa Budaya |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=29–42 |publisher=Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University |location=Makassar |issn=0126-351X }}
  • {{cite book |last=Saeed |first=Abdullah |date=2005 |title=Approaches to the Qur'an in Contemporary Indonesia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UCdKOu7pECgC&q=Abdurrahman+Shihab&pg=PA68 |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780197200018 |author-link=Abdullah Saeed (professor) }}
  • {{cite book |last=Salam |first=Solichin |date=1988 |title=Butir-butir Mutiara Hikmah |trans-title=Pearls of Wisdom |language=id |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mfUhAAAAMAAJ&q=Abdurrahman+Shihab |location=Jakarta |publisher=Kuning Mas }}
  • {{cite book |last=Shihab |first=Umar |date=2017 |title=Beda Mazhab, Satu Islam |trans-title=Different Madhhab, One Islam |language=id |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fC5IDwAAQBAJ&q=Umar+Shihab |location=Jakarta |publisher=Elex Media Komputindo |author-link=Umar Shihab |isbn=9786020403281 }}

{{Refend}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

  • [http://www.konstituante.net/id/profile/MASJUMI_abdurrahman_sjihab Abdurrahman Shihab] on Konstituante.Net

Category:Indonesian politicians of Middle Eastern descent

Category:Indonesian people of Yemeni descent

Category:People from Makassar

Category:Quranic exegesis scholars

Category:Masyumi Party politicians

Category:1915 births

Category:1986 deaths

Category:Ba' Alawi Tribe