National Awakening Party
{{Short description|Political party in Indonesia}}
{{Distinguish|Nusantara Awakening Party}}
{{For|the Icelandic political party|National Awakening (Iceland)}}
{{Infobox Indonesian political party
| colorcode = {{party color|National Awakening Party}}
| name_english = National Awakening Party
| name_native = {{lang|id|Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa|italics=no}}
| logo = Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa Logo.svg
| abbr = PKB
| leader1_title = General Chairman
| leader1_name = Muhaimin Iskandar
| leader2_title = Secretary-General
| leader2_name = Hasanuddin Wahid
| leader3_title = DPR group leader
| leader3_name = Jazilul Fawaid
| foundation = {{Start date and age|df=y|9 July 1998}}
{{Start date and age|df=y|23 July 1998}} (declaration)
| headquarters = Jakarta
| ideology = {{Nowrap|Pancasila
Islamic democracy{{cite book |surname=King |given=Blair A. |chapter=Chapter 4. Government and Politics |editor1=Frederick, William H. |editor2=Worden, Robert L. |title=Indonesia: A Country Study |series=Area handbook series, 39 |others=Library of Congress, Federal Research Division |edition=6th |place=Washington, DC |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |year=2011 |page=263 |chapter-url={{Google books|id=6dgmXWMgWcwC|plainurl=y|page=225}}|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dgmXWMgWcwC |isbn=978-0-8444-0790-6}}
Pluralism{{cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-1269817/pkb-bangga-gus-dur-digelari-bapak-pluralisme|title=PKB Bangga Gus Dur Digelari Bapak Pluralisme}}
Liberalism{{cite web |url= http://cald.org/members/national-awakening-party|title= Nation Awakening Party|website= cald.org|publisher= Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats|date= 2016|access-date= 2024-03-01 |language=en}}
Indonesian nationalism{{cite web |last1=Bulkin |first1=Nadia |title=Indonesia's Political Parties |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/posts/2013/10/indonesias-political-parties?lang=en |website=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |access-date=6 July 2021 |date=24 October 2013}}}}
Centrism
Historical:
Anti-neoliberalismhttps://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/dirty_word.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=June 2025}}
| anthem = "Hymne PKB"
('PKB Hymn')"Mars PKB"
('PKB March')
| youth = Garda Bangsa (Nation's Guard)
| student = Gemasaba (One Nation's Student Movement)
| membership_year = 2022
| national=
- Advanced Indonesia Coalition
{{small|(2024–present)}} - Coalition of Change for Unity
{{small|(2023–2024)}} - Onward Indonesia Coalition
{{small|(2018–2023)}} - Great Indonesia Coalition
{{small|(2014–2018)}} - Joint Secretariat
{{small|(2009–2014)}} - People's Coalition
{{small|(2004–2009)}} - Central Axis
{{small|(1999–2004)}}
| international = Centrist Democrat International
|affiliation1_title=Regional affiliation|affiliation1=Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
Asia Pacific Democrat Union
| BallNo = 1
| DPRseats = {{Composition bar|{{DPR RI|PKB}}|580|hex={{party color|National Awakening Party}}}}
| DPRD1seats = {{Composition bar|220|2372|hex={{party color|National Awakening Party}}}}
| DPRD2seats = {{Composition bar|1833|17510|hex={{party color|National Awakening Party}}}}
| website = {{URL|https://pkb.id/}}
|political_position = Centre{{Cite web|url=https://australiaindonesiacentre.org/commentary/guide-to-the-2019-indonesian-elections-a-little-psephology/|title = Guide to the 2019 Indonesian elections: A little psephology|date = October 2018}}}}
The National Awakening Party ({{langx|id|Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa}}; {{literally|Party of the Nation's Awakening}}, PKB), is an Islam-basedAl-Hamdi, Ridho. (2017). Moving towards a Normalised Path: Political Islam in Contemporary Indonesia. JURNAL STUDI PEMERINTAHAN (JOURNAL OF GOVERNMENT & POLITICS). Vol. 8 No. 1, February 2017. p.52, pp.56, p.62.Al-Hamdi, Ridho. (2013). Partai politik Islam: Teori dan praktik di Indonesia. Yogyakarta:
Graha Ilmu. political party in Indonesia. It is also the party of the former Vice President of Indonesia, Ma'ruf Amin, who was elected to its Shura Council.
The party was founded in 1999 by the traditionalist strand of Muslim society in Indonesia, which overlaps with the membership of Nahdlatul Ulama.Evans, Kevin Raymond. (2003). The history of political parties and general elections in Indonesia. Jakarta: Arise Consultancies. The party is described as a nationalist Muslim party, which promotes inclusive and nationalist principles and upholds Pancasila doctrine.
In 2014, the party obtained 9.04 percent of the popular vote, which is an increase from 4.95 percent in 2009 but lower than 10.57 percent in 2004. The party is currently led by Muhaimin Iskandar.
Origins
The PKB was established on 11 May 1998. Kyai (religious scholars), held a meeting at the Langitan Pesantren (Islamic boarding school) to discuss several problems facing Indonesia they deemed to be critical. They developed an official statement, which Kyai Muchid Muzadi of Jember and Gus Yusuf Muhammad, were sent to deliver to President Suharto. Before they were able to deliver the statement, however, Suharto resigned on 21 May 1998.
On 30 May 1998, the Kyai held a grand meeting, or Istighosah, at the office of the East Java branch of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Islamic organization. The meeting resulted in KH Cholil Bisri being urged to form a party based on the NU's political aspirations. After initially resisting their request, due to his desire to continue his work with the pesantren, Bisri eventually relented and accepted the leadership role.
A week later, on 6 June, Bisri met the Kyai in order to discuss the formation of the new party. Invitations had been sent via telephone, and more than 200 Kyai attended the meeting, which was held in Bisri's home in Leteh, Rembang, Central Java. This meeting resulted in the formation of the "Standing Committee", consisting of 11 people, with Bisri as chairman and Gus Yus as secretary. In turn, this committee worked in a marathon session, preparing a platform and party components, including the logos which would become the party's symbol. The logos were created by KH A. Mustofa Bisri.
The Standing Committee and representatives of the NU held a major conference in Bandung, on 4 July 1998, which was attended by 27 regional representatives. In a discussion regarding the name of the organization, the proposed names were the "National Awakening Party", the "Nahdlatul Ummah Awakening Party" and the "Ummah Party". The name chosen was "Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa" (PKB) meaning "National Awakening Party". The party's declaratory was 72 people, representing the age of the NU organization, consisting of the Standing Committee Team (11), the Lajnah Assistance Team (14), Team NU (5), the NU Assistance Team (7), and two Representatives from each of the 27 regions (27 x 2). The 72 founders signed the Party's Platform and its components.
Subsequent to this, however, the PBNU decided that only five people could become the party's declaratory. Those five were Kyai Munasir Ali, Kyai Ilyas Ruchiyat, Kyai Muchid Muzadi, KH A. Mustofa Bisri and KH Abddurahman Wahid, who was the chairman of the PBNU. The 72 names of the party's original declaratory were erased by the PBNU.
The party's base of support is strongest in Java Island and draws from the constituency that formerly supported the conservative Muslim organization NU. The PKB differs from Nahdlatul Ulama in that while it supports a role for Islam in government, it does not share the older organization's support for an explicitly Islamic republic.Evans, Kevin R (2003). The history of political parties & general elections in Indonesia. Jakarta: Arise Consultancies.
General elections
The National Awakening Party stood in the 1999 elections, winning 13 percent of the votes. In the 2004 elections, the party gained 10.57% (11,989,564) of votes and 52 seats in the People's Representative Council. However, the party won only 4.9 percent of the votes in the 2009 legislative election, and 27 seats in the legislature.{{cite news |title=Democratic Party controls 26% of parliamentary seats |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/10/democratic-party-controls-26-parliamentary-seats.html |newspaper=Jakarta Post |date=10 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180700/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/10/democratic-party-controls-26-parliamentary-seats.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://mediacenter.kpu.go.id/berita/472-kpu-rubah-perolehan-kursi-parpol-di-dpr.html |website=Indonesian General Election Commission |title=KPU Ubah Perolehan Kursi Parpol di DPR (KPU Changes Allocations of Parties' seats in the DPR) |date=14 May 2009 |language=id |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006080451/http://mediacenter.kpu.go.id/berita/472-kpu-rubah-perolehan-kursi-parpol-di-dpr.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}
Policies
According to the party website, the party's policies are to:{{cite web |title=Pemilu 2014, PKB Usung Platform dan Visi Kerakyatan |website=PKB official site |url=http://www.dpp.pkb.or.id/pemilu-2014-pkb-usung-platform-dan-visi-kerakyatan |language=id |access-date=2017-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504230702/http://www.dpp.pkb.or.id/pemilu-2014-pkb-usung-platform-dan-visi-kerakyatan |archive-date=2018-05-04 |url-status=dead }}
- Strengthen democracy to increase the prosperity of people living in villages
- Strengthen the protection of farmers and fishermen
- Accelerate the development of disadvantaged regions
- Make labourers prosperous
- Increase the involvement of women in strategic sectors
For the 2014 elections, the party plans to focus more intensively on its policies related to villages, in particular such as village representation, the allocation of funding for villages and the development of education and health facilities.
2024 Planned Takeover by Nahdlatul Ulama
The relationship between National Awakening Party and Nahdlatul Ulama worsened due to differences in political stance during 2024 Indonesian general election.{{Cite web |last=Farisi |first=Ahmad |title=Meng-NU-kan NU, Mem-PKB-kan PKB |url=https://news.detik.com/kolom/d-6941784/meng-nu-kan-nu-mem-pkb-kan-pkb |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=detiknews |language=id-ID}}{{Cite web |last=Setiawan |first=Riyan |date=2022-01-31 |title=Menilik Hubungan NU & PKB yang Memanas Usai Safari Politik Cak Imin |url=https://tirto.id/menilik-hubungan-nu-pkb-yang-memanas-usai-safari-politik-cak-imin-golA |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=tirto.id |language=id}} Since Muhaimin Iskandar's loss in the election, the party increasingly distanced itself from Nahdlatul Ulama and often took actions that disadvantage Nahdlatul Ulama's political interests. Due to this, Nahdlatul Ulama Central Committee announced plans for taking over the National Awakening Party leadership on 26 July 2024.{{Cite web |last=detikcom |first=Tim |title=PBNU Siapkan Pansus Kembalikan PKB ke NU! |url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7457990/pbnu-siapkan-pansus-kembalikan-pkb-ke-nu |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=detiknews |language=id-ID}}{{Cite web |last=Amin |first=Irfan |date=2024-07-26 |title=Ingin Evaluasi PKB, PBNU Wacanakan Bentuk Pansus Tim Lima |url=https://tirto.id/pbnu-wacanakan-bentuk-pansus-tim-lima-evaluasi-pkb-g13a |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=tirto.id |language=id}}
Election results
=Legislative election results=
=Presidential election results=
| class="wikitable" |
| Election
! Ballot number ! Candidate ! Running mate ! 1st round ! Share of votes ! Outcome ! 2nd round ! Share of votes ! Outcome |
|---|
| 2004
! 4 | 39,838,184 |align=center| 33.57% |align=center|Runoff | 69,266,350 |align=center| 60.62% | {{yes2|Elected}} |
| 2009
! 2 | Boediono | 73,874,562 |align=center| 60.80% | {{yes2|Elected}} | rowspan=4 colspan="3" bgcolor="grey" | |
| 2014
! 2 | Joko Widodo{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2014/05/140519_indonesia_peresmian_jokojk|title=Jokowi dan JK daftar ke KPU|publisher=BBC|date=19 May 2014|access-date=1 August 2018|language=id}} | 70,997,833 |align=center| 53.15% | {{yes2|Elected}} |
| 2019
! 1 | 85,607,362 |align=center| 55.50% | {{yes2|Elected}} |
| 2024
! 1 | 40,971,906 |align=center| 24.95% | {{no2|Lost}} |
Note: Bold text indicates the party member
List of deputy speakers of the People's Representative Council from PKB
| class="wikitable" |
| #
!Portrait !Assumed office !Left office !Time in office !colspan="2"|Serving with !colspan="2"|Speaker !Term |
|---|
| rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;background:{{party color|National Awakening Party}};"|{{white|1}}
|rowspan="2"|100px |rowspan="2"|Khofifah Indar Parawansa |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|6 October 1999 |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|28 October 1999 |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|{{Age in years and days|1999|10|6|1999|10|28}} |style="background:{{party color|United Development Party}}"| |rowspan="4"; style="background:{{party color|Golkar}}"| |rowspan="4"|Akbar Tandjung |rowspan="4"; style="text-align:center;"|14 |
| style="background:{{party color|National Mandate Party}}"|
|A.M. Fatwa |
| rowspan="8"; style="text-align:center;background:{{party color|National Awakening Party}};"|{{white|2}}
|rowspan="8"|100px |rowspan="8"|Muhaimin Iskandar |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|28 October 1999 |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|1 October 2004 |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|{{Age in years and days|1999|10|28|2004|10|1}} |style="background:{{party color|United Development Party}}"| |Tosari Widjaja |
| style="background:{{party color|National Mandate Party}}"|
|A.M. Fatwa |
| rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|1 October 2004
|rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|1 October 2009 |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|{{Age in years and days|2004|10|1|2009|10|1}} |style="background:{{party color|Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle}}"| |Soetardjo Soerjogoeritno |rowspan="2"; style="background:{{party color|Golkar}}"| |rowspan="2"|Agung Laksono |rowspan="2"; style="text-align:center;"|15 |
| style="background:{{party color|Reform Star Party}}"|
|Zaenal Ma'arif |
| rowspan="4"; style="text-align:center;"|1 October 2019
|rowspan="4"; style="text-align:center;"|1 October 2024 |rowspan="4"; style="text-align:center;"|{{Age in years and days|2019|10|1|2024|10|1}} |style="background:{{party color|Golkar}}"| |Azis Syamsuddin |rowspan="7"; style="background:{{party color|Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle}}"| |rowspan="7"|Puan Maharani |rowspan="4"; style="text-align:center;"|18 |
| style="background:{{party color|Golkar}}"|
|Lodewijk F. Paulus |
| style="background:{{party color|Gerindra Party}}"| |
| style="background:{{party color|Nasdem Party}}"| |
| rowspan="3"; style="text-align:center;background:{{party color|National Awakening Party}};"|{{white|3}}
|rowspan="3"|100px |rowspan="3"|Cucun Ahmad Syamsurijal |rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |1 October 2024 |rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |Incumbent |rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |{{Age in years and days|2024|10|1}} |style="background:{{party color|Golkar}}"| |Adies Kadir |rowspan="3"; style="text-align:center;"|19 |
| style="background:{{party color|Gerindra Party}}"|
|Sufmi Dasco Ahmad |
| style="background:{{party color|Nasdem Party}}"|
|Saan Mustopa |
;Colour key
{{hlist
|{{legend2|{{party color|United Development Party}}|United Development Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (PPP)
|{{legend2|{{party color|National Mandate Party}}|National Mandate Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (PAN)
|{{legend2|{{party color|Golkar}}|Party of Functional Groups|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (Golkar)
|{{legend2|{{party color|Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle}}|Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (PDI-P)
|{{legend2|{{party color|Reform Star Party}}|Reform Star Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (PBR)
|{{legend2|{{party color|Gerindra Party}}|Great Indonesia Movement Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (Gerindra)
|{{legend2|{{party color|Nasdem Party}}|Nasdem Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Indonesian political parties}}
{{Islam in Indonesia}}
{{United Development Party}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:1998 establishments in Indonesia
Category:Centrist parties in Asia
Category:Conservative parties in Asia
Category:Islamic democratic political parties
Category:Islamic political parties in Indonesia
Category:Liberal and progressive movements within Islam
Category:Liberal parties in Indonesia
Category:Pancasila political parties