Abercrombie & Fitch
{{Short description|American retail company}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Lead too short|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Abercrombie & Fitch Co.
| logo = Abercrombie & Fitch logo.svg
| image = Abercrombie & Fitch store in New York City.jpg
| image_caption = Abercrombie store on Fifth Avenue, Manhattan
| type = Public
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{NYSE|ANF}} (Class A)|S&P 400 component}}
| founders = {{ubl|David T. Abercrombie|Ezra Fitch}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|1892|06|04}} in Manhattan, New York City, U.S.
| hq_location_city = New Albany, Ohio
| hq_location_country = U.S.
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{ubl|Terry Burman (chairman)|Fran Horowitz (CEO)}}
| industry = Retail
| products = {{flatlist|
| age range = 18–25
}}
| revenue = {{increase}} {{US$|3.71 billion|link=yes}} (2021)
| operating_income = {{increase}} US$355.18 million (2021)
| net_income = {{increase}} US$263.01 million (2021)
| assets = {{decrease}} US$2.93 billion (2021)
| num_employees = 31,700 (Feb. 2024)
| divisions = {{ubl|Abercrombie & Fitch|Abercrombie Kids|Hollister Co.|Gilly Hicks}}
| website = {{URL|abercrombie.com}}
}}
Abercrombie & Fitch Co. (A&F) is an American lifestyle retailer, founded in 1892 which focuses on contemporary clothing targeting customers in their early 20's to mid 40's.{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamdanziger/2024/06/27/how-abercrombie--fitch-engineered-its-dramatic-turnaround-and-will-keep-moving-forward/ | title=How Abercrombie & Fitch Engineered Its Dramatic Turnaround and Will Keep Moving Forward | website=Forbes }} Headquartered in New Albany, Ohio, the company operates four offshoot brands: Abercrombie Kids, Your Personal Best,{{Cite web |title=Abercrombie {{!}} Hollister {{!}} abercrombie kids {{!}} Gilly Hicks {{!}} Social Tourist |url=https://corporate.abercrombie.com/about-us/our-brands/ |access-date=2025-04-15 |website=Abercrombie |language=en-US}} Hollister Co., and Gilly Hicks with 780+ company operated stores across its brands, as of Q4 2024{{Cite web |title=About ANF |url=https://corporate.abercrombie.com/about-us/ |access-date=2025-04-15 |website=Abercrombie |language=en-US}}.{{cite web |url=http://library.corporate-ir.net/library/61/617/61701/items/249197/Piper_June_2007.pdf |title=Four Iconic Businesses: One 'BRAND' |access-date=February 9, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105115444/http://library.corporate-ir.net/library/61/617/61701/items/249197/Piper_June_2007.pdf |archive-date=January 5, 2012 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}
As one of the oldest American clothing brands, the company originally marketed high-end outdoor clothing but by the early 1980s it had almost entirely changed its direction. In the 1990s, under the leadership of CEO Mike Jeffries, Abercrombie & Fitch underwent a meteoric rise, focusing on “casual luxury” fashion and specifically "the good-looking, cool kids"{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-abercrombie-fitch-ceos-cool-kids-strategy-pretty-ugly-20130511,0,4858017.post |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524080055/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-abercrombie-fitch-ceos-cool-kids-strategy-pretty-ugly-20130511,0,4858017.post |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 24, 2013 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch CEO's ugly quest for attractive 'cool kids' |last=Abcarian |first=Robin |date=May 11, 2013 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=January 27, 2014}} — using sophisticated sexualized advertising, prominently of fashion models in revealing outfits.{{cite news |last1=O'Sullivan |first1=Michael |date=April 23, 2022 |title=What to stream: 'White Hot: The Rise and Fall of Abercrombie & Fitch' |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2022/apr/23/what-to-stream-white-hot-the-rise-and-fall-of-aber/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=18 November 2022}}
The company has since refocused itself successfully, targeting a more diverse range of customers in their early 20's to mid 40's.{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamdanziger/2024/06/27/how-abercrombie--fitch-engineered-its-dramatic-turnaround-and-will-keep-moving-forward/ | title=How Abercrombie & Fitch Engineered Its Dramatic Turnaround and Will Keep Moving Forward | website=Forbes }}
History
{{Main|History of Abercrombie & Fitch}}
File:Ignacio Fernández de Henestrosa Abercrombie & Fitch.jpg wearing Abercrombie & Fitch hunting equipment in the Arctic Circle, 1921]]
The original Abercrombie & Fitch was founded in 1892 in New York City by David T. Abercrombie as an outfitter for the elite outdoorsman. Ezra Fitch—a wealthy lawyer, real estate developer, and devoted Abercrombie customer—bought a significant stake in the business in 1900.{{cite web |last1=Schlossberg |first1=Mallory |title=The bizarre history of Abercrombie & Fitch — and how the retailer is transforming yet again |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/abercrombie-fitch-crazy-history-2011-4#abercrombie-was-the-place-to-go-for-hunters-in-the-early-1900s-1 |website=Business Insider |access-date=27 February 2020 |date=12 January 2016 |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717123252/https://www.businessinsider.com/abercrombie-fitch-crazy-history-2011-4#abercrombie-was-the-place-to-go-for-hunters-in-the-early-1900s-1 |url-status=live }} In 1904, it was incorporated and renamed "Abercrombie & Fitch Co." Fitch eventually bought out Abercrombie's share of the business, becoming its sole owner from 1907 to 1928. The company was an elite outfitter of sporting and excursion goods, particularly noted for its expensive shotguns, fishing rods, fishing boats, and tents. It outfitted Theodore Roosevelt's safari and Admiral Richard E. Byrd's expedition to Antarctica. Ernest Hemingway was also a regular customer; the gun with which he committed suicide in 1961 was purchased from Abercrombie & Fitch.{{cite book |last1=Mellow |first1=James R. |title=Hemingway: A Life Without Consequences |date=1992 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |page=604}} Following Hemingway's death, his wife placed several of his guns on consignment with the company.{{cite magazine |last1=Calabi |first1=Silvio |last2=Helsley |first2=Steve |last3=Sanger |first3=Roger |title=Hemingway's Beretta |url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/1/13/hemingways-beretta/ |magazine=American Rifleman |access-date=27 February 2020 |date=13 January 2011 |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717123226/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2011/1/13/hemingways-beretta/ |url-status=live }}
By the 1970s, A&F was struggling to compete with lower-priced competitors while trying to maintain its high-end image. It was known for holding an extensive inventory of lavish items, but high operating expenses forced A&F to shed its highest priced items, such as an $18,000 ({{Inflation|US|18000|1970|fmt=eq}}) gold and onyx chess set. Cash flow problems forced the company to also cut its inventory of moderately priced products.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/08/07/archives/abercrombie-fitch-in-bankruptcy-step-abercrombie-fitch-planning-to.html |title=Abercrombie & Fitch in Bankruptcy Step |last=Barmash |first=Isadore |date=August 7, 1976 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-date=July 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717123252/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/08/07/archives/abercrombie-fitch-in-bankruptcy-step-abercrombie-fitch-planning-to.html |url-status=live }}
In 1976, Abercrombie & Fitch filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. In 1977, the company closed its New York flagship store at Madison Avenue and East 45th Street.{{cite web |url=https://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/abercrombie-fitch-co-history |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Co. History |publisher=Funding Universe |access-date=July 8, 2015 |archive-date=January 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112111800/http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Abercrombie-amp;-Fitch-Co-Company-History.html |url-status=live }}
While Abercrombie & Fitch went out of business during its bankruptcy, the brand survived: in 1978, Oshman's Sporting Goods, a Houston-based retail chain,The Wall Street Journal, 1978{{full citation needed|date=July 2015}} bought the defunct firm's name and mailing list for $1.5 million[http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/why-abercrombie-is-losing-its-shirt.html "Why Abercrombie Is Losing Its Shirt"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514190104/http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/why-abercrombie-is-losing-its-shirt.html |date=May 14, 2014 }}. New York. Retrieved February 12, 2014. (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|1.5|1978}} million in {{Inflation/year|US}}).{{cite web |url=http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm |title=CPI Inflation Calculator |website=Bureau of Labor Statistics |access-date=July 9, 2015 |archive-date=September 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190917111520/https://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm |url-status=live }} Oshman's relaunched the company as a mail-order retailer specializing in hunting wear and novelty items. Retail stores were also opened in Beverly Hills, Dallas, and (by the mid-1980s) New York City.
In 1988, Oshman's sold the brand and its operations to Columbus, Ohio-based The Limited (parent company of several retail clothing chains, including Victoria's Secret). Under The Limited, which later rebranded itself as L Brands, A&F gradually shifted its focus to young adults, was later spun off as a separate, publicly traded company,{{cite news | url=http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/abercrombie-and-fitch-co/index.html | title=Company Information | newspaper=The New York Times | first=Isadore | last=Barmash | access-date=November 26, 2010 | archive-date=August 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808173009/http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/abercrombie-and-fitch-co/index.html | url-status=live }} and eventually grew into one of the largest apparel firms in the United States.{{cite web|url=http://www.portfolio.com/resources/company-profiles/3375 |title=Top Company Profiles – Abercrombie & Fitch |access-date=July 19, 2007 |last=Banay |first=Sophia |website=Portfolio.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070622124955/http://www.portfolio.com/resources/company-profiles/3375 |archive-date=June 22, 2007 |url-status=live |df=mdy }}
Mike Jeffries became CEO in the 1990s and refocused the brand on the teen customer.{{Cite web|last=Wilson|first=Matthew|title=The rise and fall — and rise again — of Abercrombie & Fitch|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-clothing-brand-abercrombie-and-fitch|access-date=2021-08-04|website=Business Insider|language=en-US|archive-date=April 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417185147/https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-clothing-brand-abercrombie-and-fitch|url-status=live}} In 1998, the company launched a children's product line, Abercrombie Kids, for 7-14 year olds. In 2000, A&F launched its Hollister Co. subsidiary, "a new concept focused on the optimistic, laidback California lifestyle".{{cite web| url=https://corporate.abercrombie.com/our-company/about-us/company-history| title=Company History| access-date=2021-08-04| website=Abercrombie & Fitch| archive-date=August 4, 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804021349/https://corporate.abercrombie.com/our-company/about-us/company-history| url-status=live}}
= 2007–present =
The company overhauled its merchandise mix and closed several underperforming stores.{{cite news |first=Lindsey |last=Rupp |url=http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2014/05/27/af-plans-overhaul-after-steady-decline-in-profits.html |title=Abercrombie plans overhaul after steady decline in profits |newspaper=The Columbus Dispatch |date=May 27, 2014 |access-date=July 9, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712181458/http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2014/05/27/af-plans-overhaul-after-steady-decline-in-profits.html |archive-date=July 12, 2015 |df=mdy-all }} Longtime CEO Michael Jeffries resigned in December 2014, after 22 years with the company.{{cite news |last=Covert |first=James |url=https://nypost.com/2014/12/09/abercrombie-fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-steps-down/ |title=Abercrombie & Fitch CEO Mike Jeffries steps down |newspaper=New York Post |date=December 9, 2014 |access-date=July 9, 2015 |archive-date=July 15, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715125320/http://nypost.com/2014/12/09/abercrombie-fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-steps-down/ |url-status=live }} Fran Horowitz took over as CEO in February 2017.{{cite news |last=Wu |first=Jasmine |date=October 16, 2019 |title=Here's how Abercrombie & Fitch ditched its past to try to bring back customers |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/16/how-abercrombie-fitch-ditched-its-past-to-try-to-bring-shoppers-back.html |access-date=April 14, 2021 |website=CNBC |language=en |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414200312/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/16/how-abercrombie-fitch-ditched-its-past-to-try-to-bring-shoppers-back.html |url-status=live }}
To combat competition from more downscale fast-fashion rivals like Forever 21 and H&M, A&F announced light changes to its image. A&F pledged to reduce the level of its sexually charged style of advertising and instead focus more on customer service. A&F also changed the job title of store employees from "models" to "brand representatives", and allowed a less tightly controlled, more individualist dress code. Additionally, A&F declared that "brand representatives" would focus more on customer service (by offering to help serve customers), versus the past reputation of displaying aloofness toward them. In 2015, the company signaled that it would begin implementing these changes.{{cite news |last=Kell |first=John |date=April 24, 2015 |title=Abercrombie's shirtless models are about to cover up |url=http://fortune.com/2015/04/24/abercrombie-models-covering-up/ |access-date=July 9, 2015 |magazine=Fortune |archive-date=August 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822223707/https://fortune.com/2015/04/24/abercrombie-models-covering-up/ |url-status=live }} By that May, store models were no longer forced to wear Abercrombie-branded clothes.
According to recent reports from Q1 2021, it was the "group’s best second-quarter operating income and margin since 2008, with sales exceeding pre-pandemic levels."{{cite web |date=2021-10-28 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch's Brand Reinvention — Download the Case Study |url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/case-studies/retail/abercrombie-fitchs-brand-reinvention-download-the-case-study |access-date=2021-11-06 |website=The Business of Fashion |language=en-GB |archive-date=November 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106201817/https://www.businessoffashion.com/case-studies/retail/abercrombie-fitchs-brand-reinvention-download-the-case-study |url-status=live }}
=Headquarters=
The company's headquarters (aka "The Home Office") is located outside Columbus, Ohio in New Albany, Ohio, a small farm town that expanded into a wealthy community planned and developed by L Brands founder Les Wexner. The Home Office was designed as a campus and internally referred to as such, sitting on 350-acres and consisting of 11 two-story buildings (some connected by skybridge). The company's two merchandise distribution centers (1 million square feet each) are located on campus to help ensure brand protection. Also on campus are model stores, one for each of the company's brands, where store layouts, merchandising and atmosphere are developed and tested.[http://www.abercrombie.com/anf/careers/theHomeOffice.html "Abercrombie & Fitch Careers, Home Office"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429062615/http://www.abercrombie.com/anf/careers/theHomeOffice.html |date=April 29, 2009 }}. Abercrombie & Fitch. In January 2017, A&F announced it was terminating 150 Home Office employees.{{cite news |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2017/01/26/struggling-abercrombie-cuts-150-jobs-at-new.html |title=Struggling Abercrombie cuts 150 jobs at new |first=Dan |last=Eaton |date=January 26, 2017 |newspaper=Columbus Business First |access-date=2023-10-27 |archive-date=January 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170128015804/http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2017/01/26/struggling-abercrombie-cuts-150-jobs-at-new.html |url-status=live }}
The company also has a EMEA Home Office in London and a APAC Home Office in Shanghai.{{Cite web |title=Contact Us |url=https://corporate.abercrombie.com/contact-us/ |access-date=2025-04-15 |website=Abercrombie |language=en-US}}[http://www.fashionunited.co.uk/news/abercrombie.htm "Abercrombie & Fitch Eye Jil Sander"]. Fashion United. July 26, 2005. Retrieved December 15, 2007. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915071642/http://www.fashionunited.co.uk/news/abercrombie.htm |date=September 15, 2008 }}
Marketing, advertising and brand identity
File:CasualLuxury A&Ftrademark.svg
A&F was once known for its sophisticated racy marketing photography by Bruce Weber.{{cite book |title=Sex in Consumer Culture: The Erotic Content of Media and Marketing |url=https://archive.org/details/sexinconsumercul0000unse/page/330/mode/2up?q=abercrombie |last=Reichert |first=Tom |author2=Jacqueline Lambiase |year=2006 |publisher=Erlbaum Associated |location=Mahwah, NJ |isbn=978-0-8058-5090-1 |pages=330–331 |url-access=registration}} It was black and white and set outdoors, usually with partially nude males and females for an increased tone of sexuality. The company promotes its casting sessions, models, and photo shoots in the "A&F Casting" feature on its website. The website also provides a gallery of current photography. Framed copies at company stores will sometimes name the model and store.
The company's brand image is heavily promoted as an international casual luxury lifestyle concept.11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 "Abercrombie & Fitch Co. F1Q09 (Qtr End 05/02/09) Earnings Call Transcript." The company began cultivating a far more upscale image after the 2005 opening of its Fifth Avenue flagship store alongside Prada and other upscale retailers. Having for years used high-grade materials in the manufacture of its merchandise, and pricing them at "near-luxury" levels, the company introduced the trademark Casual Luxury{{cite news |url=http://media.www.mcquadrangle.org/media/storage/paper663/news/2005/11/30/Features/Abercrombie.Store.Opens.On.Fifth.Avenue-1116689.shtml |title=Abercrombie store opens on Fifth Avenue |first=Lauren |last=McNamara |website=The Quadrangle |access-date=November 21, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907054651/http://media.www.mcquadrangle.org/media/storage/paper663/news/2005/11/30/Features/Abercrombie.Store.Opens.On.Fifth.Avenue-1116689.shtml |archive-date=September 7, 2009 |df=mdy-all}} as a fictional dictionary term with multiple definitions such as "[using] the finest cashmere, pima cotton, and highest quality leather to create the ultimate in casual, body conscious clothing,"Casual Luxury image from abercrombie.com, Christmas 2006. and "implementing and/or incorporating time honored machinery ...to produce the most exclusive denim..." This upscale image has allowed it to open stores in international high-end locations and further promote the image by pricing its merchandise at almost double the American prices.
Echoing the entertainment-based, high-class-aspirational approach L Brands' Les Wexner used to fuel the 1980s-2010s growth of Victoria's Secret, Abercrombie CEO Mike Jeffries has called A&F's brand image a "movie" because of the "fantasy" that plays out in-store.{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,996083,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408210553/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,996083,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 8, 2008 |title=Abercrombie's Beefcake Brigade |magazine=Time |access-date=September 11, 2009 |date=February 14, 2000}}
Following a lighter earnings announcement in August 2014,{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/walterloeb/2014/09/02/boom-abercrombie-fitch-drops-its-logo/ |title=Boom! Abercrombie & Fitch Drops Its Logo |magazine=Forbes |access-date=September 6, 2014 |date=September 2, 2014 |archive-date=September 5, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905045013/http://www.forbes.com/sites/walterloeb/2014/09/02/boom-abercrombie-fitch-drops-its-logo/ |url-status=live }} A&F shifted its business strategy a degree to trendier styles and faster production processes, effectively embracing fast fashion while retaining its upmarket prestige in contrast to its competitors.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2014/sep/02/abercrombie-fitch-ditch-logo-revive-brand |title=Abercrombie & Fitch's decision to ditch its logo is unlikely to revive the brand |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |access-date=September 6, 2014 |date=September 2, 2014 |archive-date=September 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907030454/http://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2014/sep/02/abercrombie-fitch-ditch-logo-revive-brand |url-status=live }}
In 2018, Abercrombie successfully shifted its target market to an older demographic to include not just younger adults but older adults as well.{{cite web | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamdanziger/2024/06/27/how-abercrombie--fitch-engineered-its-dramatic-turnaround-and-will-keep-moving-forward/ | title=How Abercrombie & Fitch Engineered Its Dramatic Turnaround and Will Keep Moving Forward | website=Forbes }}{{cite web |last=Segran |first=Elizabeth |date=2018-03-15 |title=Inside Abercrombie's Plot To Win Over Gen Z, Where Everyone's A Cool Kid |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/40511151/inside-abercrombies-plot-to-win-over-gen-z-where-everyones-a-cool-kid |access-date=2021-04-15 |website=Fast Company |language=en-US |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415150941/https://www.fastcompany.com/40511151/inside-abercrombies-plot-to-win-over-gen-z-where-everyones-a-cool-kid |url-status=live }}{{cite web |last=Wilson |first=Matthew |title=The rise and fall — and rise again — of Abercrombie & Fitch |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-clothing-brand-abercrombie-and-fitch |access-date=2021-04-15 |website=Business Insider |archive-date=April 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417185147/https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-clothing-brand-abercrombie-and-fitch |url-status=live }}{{cite web |last=Lam |first=Katherine |date=2019-05-30 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch eyes smaller stores as it continues to close flagship locations |url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/retail/abercrombie-fitch-closes-flagship-locations-eyes-smaller-stores |access-date=2021-04-15 |website=FOXBusiness |language=en-US |archive-date=April 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415150941/https://www.foxbusiness.com/retail/abercrombie-fitch-closes-flagship-locations-eyes-smaller-stores |url-status=live }}
=Store staff=
File:Abercrombie & Fitch Model 8.jpg
The company is noted for its use of "brand representatives" (aka "models") as in-store customer service staff. Previously, the models were required to buy and wear only A&F clothing at work. However, after a 2003 settlement with California state labor regulators, A&F allowed brand reps to wear any logo-free clothing, as long as it corresponded with the season and A&F's style. The California settlement also provided $2.2 million to reimburse former employees for their forced purchases of company-branded clothing.{{cite news |author=Strasburg, Jenny |title=Clothier settles dress-code complaint / Abercrombie to pay $2.2 million over workers' 'uniforms' |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2003/06/24/MN165663.DTL |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=June 24, 2003 |access-date=October 26, 2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302230257/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2003%2F06%2F24%2FMN165663.DTL |url-status=live }} An "Impact Team" was created in 2004 to control merchandise within each store and strictly maintain and enforce company standards. Bigger and higher volume stores have a "Full Time Stock" who trains Impact associates, processes shipments, maintains stock room standards, and can even act as a manager if the store is short on management staff. Stores' general manager and assistant managers are responsible for forms, lighting, photo marketing, fragrance presentations, and ensuring brand reps comply with the company's "look policy".{{cite news |url=http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/fea/lifetravel/stories/082708dnmetabercrombie.4027698.html |title=Employees: 'Hierarchy of Hotness' Rules at Abercrombie & Fitch |newspaper=The Dallas Morning News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080902211433/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/fea/lifetravel/stories/082708dnmetabercrombie.4027698.html |archive-date=September 2, 2008}}
=Products=
Women's Wear Daily calls the company's clothing classically "neo-preppy", with an "edgy tone and imagery".{{cite news |url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-19674887_ITM?email=rodriguez018@aol.com&library= |title=Death of A&F Quarterly: Problem Wasn't the Sex but Brand's Loss of Cool |last=Lindsay |first=Greg |access-date=November 22, 2008 | magazine=Women's Wear Daily |date=December 11, 2003}}
The company's fashions have a reputation for luxury, with the majority of designs trend-driven. There is heavy promotion of "Premium Jeans". In early 2010, the company introduced a leather handbag collection inspired by designs from Ruehl.
Its prices are recognized as the highest in the youth-clothing industry.{{cite web |url=http://www.dailyfinance.com/2009/08/26/abercrombie-and-fitch-the-biggest-brand-loser-of-the-recessio/ |title=Abercrombie and Fitch: The biggest brand loser of the recession |website=Daily Finance |access-date=September 11, 2009 |archive-date=September 1, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901103750/http://www.dailyfinance.com/2009/08/26/abercrombie-and-fitch-the-biggest-brand-loser-of-the-recessio/ |url-status=live }} Internationally, prices are almost double those in American stores. Retail analyst Chris Boring warns that the company's brands are a "little more susceptible" should recession hit, because their specialties are premium-priced goods rather than necessities.{{cite web |url=http://www.icsc.org/srch/sct/sct0308/retailing_gilly.php |title=Abercrombie's New Idea: Down Underwear |website=Shopping Centers Today |date=March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304125248/http://www.icsc.org/srch/sct/sct0308/retailing_gilly.php |archive-date=March 4, 2008}} Indeed, as the late-2000s recession continued, the company took a hit financially for its refusal to lower prices or offer discounts. It argued that doing so would "cheapen" its near-luxury image. Analyst Bruce Watson warned that the company risked finding itself transformed into "a cautionary tale of a store that was left by the wayside when it declined to change with the times". The company's year-to-year revenue, a key indicator of a retailer's health, rose 13% in September 2010.{{cite news |url=http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9IMSE500.htm |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Sept. Revenue Metric Rises |date=October 7, 2010 |agency=Associated Press |magazine=Bloomberg Businessweek |access-date=October 15, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011224016/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9IMSE500.htm |archive-date= October 11, 2010 |url-status=dead}}
The company has carried men's fragrances Fierce, Colden, and has re-branded the original cologne Woods (Christmas Floorset 2010). Women's fragrances have included 8, Perfume 41, Wakely, and Perfume #1. Fierce and 8 are the most heavily marketed fragrances, as they are the signature scents of the brand overall.{{cite web |url=http://www.abercrombie.com.html|title=Men's and Women's division |website=Abercrombie & Fitch Co. |access-date=November 26, 2007}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
==Product criticism==
In 2002, the company sold a shirt featuring the slogan "Wong Brothers Laundry Service{{spaced ndash}}Two Wongs Can Make It White," with smiling figures in conical Asian hats, an offensive depiction of 19th century Chinese immigrants to the U.S.The slogan alludes to Arthur Calwell's joke Two Wongs don't make a White, itself a wordplay on "Two wrongs don't make a right." A&F discontinued the designs and apologized after a boycott started by a Stanford University Asian American student group.{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2002/04/23/eguillermo.DTL |title=Humoring Ethnic America: Abercrombie & Fitch Still Doesn't Get It |author=Guillermo, Emil |date=April 23, 2002 |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=October 28, 2011 |archive-date=March 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302230318/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2002/04/23/eguillermo.DTL |url-status=live }} That same year, Abercrombie Kids removed a line of thong underwear sold for girls in pre-teen children's sizes after parents mounted nationwide storefront protests. The underwear included phrases like "Eye Candy" and "Wink Wink" printed on the front.Dial, Karla (undated; copyright 2003). [http://www.boundless.org/2002_2003/features/a0000709.html "Megan vs. A&F"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025234907/http://www.boundless.org/2002_2003/features/a0000709.html|date=October 25, 2007}}. Boundless Webzine. Retrieved October 28, 2011.
More T-shirt controversies occurred in 2004. The first incident involved a shirt featuring the phrase, "It's All Relative in West Virginia," playing on the trope that incestuous relationships are supposedly common in rural America. West Virginia Governor Bob Wise spoke out against the company for depicting "an unfounded, negative stereotype of West Virginia", but A&F did not remove the shirts.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/23/national/23WVA.html |title=T-Shirt Slight Has West Virginia in Arms |author=Dao, James |date=March 22, 2004 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=October 28, 2011 |archive-date=February 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204062054/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/23/national/23WVA.html |url-status=live }} Later, another T-shirt that read "L is for Loser" next to a picture of a male gymnast (implying that male participation in female-dominated sporting activities makes such males less "masculine") gathered publicity. A&F stopped selling the shirt in October 2004 after USA Gymnastics president Bob Colarossi announced a boycott for mocking the sport.{{cite news |url=http://www.flakmag.com/opinion/loser.html |title=L is for Lighten Up |author=Sprow, Chris |magazine=Flak Magazine |access-date=October 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203114933/http://flakmag.com/opinion/loser.html |archive-date=December 3, 2010 |url-status=dead}}
In 2005, the Women and Girls Foundation of Southwest Pennsylvania launched a "Girlcott" of the store to protest the sale of T-shirts displaying messages such as "Who needs brains when you have these?" ("these" meaning breasts), "Available for parties," and "I had a nightmare I was a brunette." The campaign received national coverage on The Today Show, and the company pulled the shirts from stores on November 5, 2005.{{cite news |title=Abercrombie & Fitch to pull tees after 'girl-cott' |url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20051106/us_nm/retail_abercrombiefitch_dc |access-date=27 February 2020 |work=Yahoo! News |agency=Reuters |date=6 November 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051109155924/https://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20051106/us_nm/retail_abercrombiefitch_dc |archive-date=9 November 2005}} Five days after this media coverage, the company pulled two of the shirts from its shelves, released an apology to girls for producing the T-shirts, and agreed to have corporate executives meet with the "Girlcott" girls at the company's headquarters.{{cite news| date=October 25, 2005| url=http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_387780.html| title=Abercrombie and Fitch Target of 'Girlcott'| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128161330/http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_387780.html| archive-date=January 28, 2012| newspaper=Pittsburgh Tribune-Review| access-date=October 26, 2011}}
A T-shirt controversy arose again over the company's Back-to-School 2009 collection of "humor tees". One shirt proclaims "Show the twins" above a picture of a young woman with her blouse open to two men. Two other shirts state "Female streaking encouraged" and "Female Students Wanted for Sexual Research". The American Family Association disapproved of the influence of the "sex-as-recreation" lifestyle shirts, and asked the brand to remove its "sexualized shirts" from display.{{cite web |url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7016369155?Abercrombie%20&%20Fitch%20Draw%20Heat%20Over%20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917081741/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7016369155?Abercrombie%20&%20Fitch%20Draw%20Heat%20Over |first=Shannon |last=Moore |archive-date=September 17, 2009 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Draw Heat Over "New College" Line Of T-Shirts |website=All Headline News |url-status=dead |access-date=September 12, 2009}}
=Brand protection=
Because of extensive counterfeiting of its products, the company launched a brand protection program in 2006 to combat the problem worldwide (focusing more on China, Hong Kong, Japan and Korea) by working with law enforcement globally. The program is headed by a former FBI Supervisory Special Agent who was part of the FBI's Intellectual Property Rights program, and covers all the company's brands. The company says that the program "will improve current practices and strategies by focusing on eliminating the supply of illicit Abercrombie & Fitch products."{{cite web |url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=61701&p=irol-newsArticle_print&ID=811468&highlight= |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Expands Anti-Counterfeiting Program |website=Abercrombie & Fitch Co. |access-date=December 13, 2008 |archive-date=January 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123220304/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=61701&p=irol-newsArticle_print&ID=811468&highlight= |url-status=live }}
In August 2011, the company offered Mike "The Situation" Sorrentino and other cast members of the MTV reality show Jersey Shore a "substantial payment" if they stopped wearing Abercrombie-branded clothes, stating "We are deeply concerned that Mr. Sorrentino's association with our brand could cause significant damage to our image."{{cite news |first=Aaron |last=Smith |title=Abercrombie Drops 9% after 'Jersey Shore' Diss |url=https://money.cnn.com/2011/08/17/news/companies/abercrombie_jersey_shore/ |work=CNN |date=August 17, 2011 |access-date=August 17, 2011 |archive-date=October 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025003332/http://money.cnn.com/2011/08/17/news/companies/abercrombie_jersey_shore/ |url-status=live }} In November 2011, Sorrentino filed a lawsuit against the company after it allegedly violated his copyrights in making shirts that said "The Fitchuation" and "GTL...You Know The Deal".{{cite news |date=November 16, 2011 |title=Mike 'The Situation' sues Abercrombie & Fitch over clothing dispute, report says |url=http://www.nj.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2011/11/mike_the_situation_sues_abercr.html |newspaper=The Star-Ledger |location=Newark, NJ |access-date=November 19, 2011 |archive-date=November 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111119214709/http://www.nj.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2011/11/mike_the_situation_sues_abercr.html |url-status=live }} The case was dismissed in July 2013.{{cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/jersey-shore-star-loses-fitchuation-579759 |title='Jersey Shore' Star Loses 'Fitchuation' Lawsuit to Abercrombie & Fitch |last=Gardner |first=Eriq |date=2013-07-03 |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=2021-01-12 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114230633/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/jersey-shore-star-loses-fitchuation-579759 |url-status=live }}
=Jeffries' 2006 target demographic quote=
In 2013, a 2006 Salon interview with then-CEO Mike Jeffries went viral, causing public backlash against A&F's marketing practices.{{cite web |url=http://www.hngn.com/articles/2781/20130509/mike-jeffries-abercrombie-retail-chain-ignores-plus-sized-women-doesnt.htm |title=Mike Jeffries Abercrombie: Retail Chain Ignores Plus-Sized Women; 'Doesn't Want Large People in His Store' |last=Connell |first=Charlie |website=Headlines & Global News |date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=May 14, 2013 |archive-date=November 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103015419/http://www.hngn.com/articles/2781/20130509/mike-jeffries-abercrombie-retail-chain-ignores-plus-sized-women-doesnt.htm |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.eonline.com/news/416492/abercrombie-fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-doesn-t-want-fat-customers-says-author-robin-lewis |title=Abercrombie & Fitch CEO Mike Jeffries Doesn't Want Fat Customers, Says Author Robin Lewis |last=Chan |first=Jennifer |date=May 9, 2013 |website=E! |access-date=May 14, 2013 |archive-date=June 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606215418/http://www.eonline.com/news/416492/abercrombie-fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-doesn-t-want-fat-customers-says-author-robin-lewis |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2013/05/09/abercrombie-fitch-targets-skinny-shoppers-wont-sell-larger-sizes-for-plus-sized-women/ |title=Abercrombie & Fitch targets skinny shoppers, won't sell larger sizes for plus-sized women |last=Murray |first=Rheana |newspaper=New York Daily News |date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=October 27, 2023 |archive-date=October 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028040150/https://www.nydailynews.com/2013/05/09/abercrombie-fitch-targets-skinny-shoppers-wont-sell-larger-sizes-for-plus-sized-women/ |url-status=live }} Jeffries comments – that his brand is only suitable for "the good-looking, cool kids," and that there are people who do not belong in his clothes, namely, overweight people – came under fire.{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-abercrombie-fitch-ceos-cool-kids-strategy-pretty-ugly-20130511,0,4858017.post |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524080055/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-abercrombie-fitch-ceos-cool-kids-strategy-pretty-ugly-20130511,0,4858017.post |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 24, 2013 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch CEO's ugly quest for attractive 'cool kids' |last=Abcarian |first=Robin |date=May 11, 2013 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=January 27, 2014}}{{cite web |url=http://www.salon.com/2006/01/24/jeffries/ |title=The man behind Abercrombie & Fitch: Mike Jeffries turned a moribund company into a multibillion-dollar brand by selling youth, sex and casual superiority. Not bad for a 61-year-old in flip-flops |date=January 24, 2006 |first=Benoit |last=Denizet-Lewis |website=Salon |access-date=January 27, 2014 |archive-date=February 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209055623/http://www.salon.com/2006/01/24/jeffries/ |url-status=live }}
{{blockquote|That's why we hire good-looking people in our stores. Because good-looking people attract other good-looking people, and we want to market to cool, good-looking people. We don't market to anyone other than that. ... In every school there are the cool and popular kids, and then there are the not-so-cool kids. Candidly, we go after the cool kids. We go after the attractive all-American kid with a great attitude and a lot of friends. A lot of people don't belong [in our clothes], and they can't belong. Are we exclusionary? Absolutely.}}
These quotes, which were the basis for the article's "youth, sex and casual superiority" headline, went largely unnoticed when the article was published in 2006, until they resurfaced in May 2013 after actor Kirstie Alley brought them up in an Entertainment Tonight interview,{{cite news |url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-style/news/kirstie-alley-slams-abercrombie-and-fitch-for-ceos-anti-fat-remarks-2013155 |title=Kirstie Alley Slams Abercrombie and Fitch for CEO's Anti-Fat Remarks |last=Winston |first=Fan |date=May 15, 2013 |magazine=Us Weekly |access-date=July 9, 2015 |archive-date=July 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710070016/http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-style/news/kirstie-alley-slams-abercrombie-and-fitch-for-ceos-anti-fat-remarks-2013155 |url-status=live }} and prominent daytime talk-show host Ellen DeGeneres spoke out against the company.{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/the-hot-button/mad-at-abercrombies-anti-plus-size-stance-dont-do-what-this-guy-did/article11940905/ |title=Mad at Abercrombie's anti-plus-size stance? Don't do what this guy did |first=Peter |last=Scowen |date=May 15, 2013 |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |access-date=January 27, 2014 |location=Toronto |archive-date=October 4, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004011730/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/the-hot-button/mad-at-abercrombies-anti-plus-size-stance-dont-do-what-this-guy-did/article11940905/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.toofab.com/2013/05/17/ellen-degeneres-abercrombie-fitch-plus-size-video/ |title=Video: Ellen DeGeneres Lashes Out Against Abercrombie & Fitch! |date=May 17, 2013 |website=tooFab.com |access-date=January 27, 2014 |archive-date=January 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140126132557/http://www.toofab.com/2013/05/17/ellen-degeneres-abercrombie-fitch-plus-size-video |url-status=live }}
Jeffries issued an official statement on May 17, 2013, regarding the news articles, saying, "I want to address some of my comments that have been circulating from a 2006 interview. While I believe this seven-year-old, resurrected quote has been taken out of context, I sincerely regret that my choice of words was interpreted in a manner that has offended." He also stated, "We are completely opposed to any discrimination, bullying, derogatory characterizations or other anti-social behavior based on race, gender, body type or other individual characteristics."{{cite news |url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/abercrombie-and-fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-apologizes-for-cool-kids-comment-2013175 |title=Abercrombie And Fitch CEO Mike Jeffries Apologizes For 'Cool Kids' Comment |last=Chen |first=Joyce |date=May 17, 2013 |magazine=Us Weekly |access-date=July 9, 2015 |archive-date=July 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710043811/http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/abercrombie-and-fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-apologizes-for-cool-kids-comment-2013175 |url-status=live }}
Stores
File:A&F Exterior.jpg in Orlando, Florida with wooden louvers (featuring the Spring Break 2007 marketing campaign picture).]]
The exterior of the contemporary store design features white molding and formerly black louvers. From 2013 to 2014, the louvers were removed from all locations except from certain flagship stores which had windows above street level. The company stated that the louvers were removed in an effort to experiment with window marketing.{{cite news |first=Jane |last=Chang |title=The Ab in Abercrombie |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-sep-10-tm-abercrombie37-story.html |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=September 10, 2006 |access-date=August 18, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080930034945/http://articles.latimes.com/2006/sep/10/magazine/tm-abercrombie37 |archive-date= September 30, 2008 |url-status=live}} The currently featured marketing image directly faces the entrance. The interior is lit with dim ceiling lights and spot lighting. Electronic dance music meant to create an upbeat atmosphere may be played at sound levels as high as 90 decibels, and comparable to heavy construction machinery and harmful to the ears.{{cite web |url=http://www.abc15.com/content/news/investigators/story.aspx?content_id=48f63d86-3c42-4840-a951-add54ccb16c8 |title=High Volume Sales – A hazard to your hearing? |website=ABC15 News |date=August 2, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194023/http://www.abc15.com/content/news/investigators/story.aspx?content_id=48f63d86-3c42-4840-a951-add54ccb16c8 |archive-date=September 27, 2007}}
The company operates 854 stores across all four brands. The company's brand has 278{{cite news |access-date=August 22, 2012 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Reports Second Quarter 2012 Results Board of Directors Declares Quarterly Dividend of $0.175 and Increases Share Repurchase Authorization by Ten Million Shares |work=Reuters |date=August 15, 2012 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/15/idUS90960+15-Aug-2012+HUG20120815 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904093106/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/15/idUS90960+15-Aug-2012+HUG20120815 |archive-date=September 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all}} locations in the United States, 5 in Canada (2 in Alberta, 2 in Ontario, and 1 in British Columbia). The company currently operates 70 full-line stores abroad and 10 outlet stores across 16 countries.
=International expansion=
File:Abercrombie & Fitch Ginza Store 2018.jpg, Tokyo, Japan{{spaced ndash}}the first one in Asia]]
File:Abercrombie & Fitch in Harbour City 201802.jpg
The company's brand is believed to have reached its maximum growth potential in the American market. International expansion began in 2005, with the long-term goal of opening flagships for A&F (and eventually all its brands), in high-profile locations worldwide "at a deliberate pace".{{cite web |url=http://www.keypointpartners.com/RoundUp/2008/04/abercrombie-kids-heads-to-5th-ave.html |title=Abercrombie Kids' Heads to 5th Ave |access-date=February 17, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304063446/http://www.keypointpartners.com/RoundUp/2008/04/abercrombie-kids-heads-to-5th-ave.html |archive-date=March 4, 2009 |url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://www.icsc.org/srch/sct/sct0806/retail_abercombie.php |title=Brits Get Fitched: Saucy American Brand Shakes Up London's Formal Savile Row |first=Curt |last=Hazlett |date=August 2006 |access-date=2 September 2016 |website=Shopping Centers Today |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202110138/http://www.icsc.org/srch/sct/sct0806/retail_abercombie.php |archive-date=December 2, 2008}} After initially opening at a deliberately slow pace, the company began to accelerate international expansion for its namesake and its Hollister Co. brand in 2012.{{cite web |url=http://pdf.secdatabase.com/477/0000950123-11-015695.pdf |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Feb 2011 Current Report, Form 8-K, Filing Date Feb 18, 2011 |website=Securities and Exchange Commission |access-date=December 27, 2012 |archive-date=May 22, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522161228/http://pdf.secdatabase.com/477/0000950123-11-015695.pdf |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE64H2KN20100518?type=globalMarketsNews |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Trims Overseas Store Plans |work=Reuters |author=Wohl, Jessica |date=May 18, 2010 |access-date=July 6, 2010 |archive-date=December 7, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207195336/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE64H2KN20100518?type=globalMarketsNews |url-status=live }}
The company's first non-U.S. stores opened in Toronto and Edmonton in 2005, and then expanded to other major cities in Canada. The company first entered the European market in 2007 with the opening of its flagship London store at 7 Burlington Gardens, Savile Row.{{cite news |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/stories/2007/11/19/daily16.html?ana=from_rss |title=Abercrombie accelerating overseas plans |newspaper=Columbus Business First |date=November 19, 2007 |access-date=July 9, 2015 |archive-date=July 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710081208/http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/stories/2007/11/19/daily16.html?ana=from_rss |url-status=live }} Since then, the company has opened stores in Milan, Copenhagen, Paris, Madrid, Brussels, Dublin and other major cities in Europe, including six stores in Germany. The company opened its first Asian flagship store in Tokyo in 2009,{{cite news |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/12/16/business/abercrombie-fitch-opens-ginza-flagship/ |title=Abercrombie & Fitch opens Ginza Flagship |newspaper=The Japan Times |location=Tokyo |agency=Kyodo News |access-date=October 27, 2023 |archive-date=October 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028040150/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/12/16/business/abercrombie-fitch-opens-ginza-flagship/ |url-status=live }} followed by Fukuoka, Singapore, Hong Kong and Seoul.{{cite news |url=http://www.jingdaily.com/here-come-the-abs-abercrombie-fitch-set-to-launch-hong-kong-flagship/19371 |title=The Business of Luxury and Culture in China |website=Jing Daily |date=July 9, 2012 |access-date=January 27, 2014 |archive-date=March 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326102754/http://jingdaily.com/here-come-the-abs-abercrombie-fitch-set-to-launch-hong-kong-flagship/19371/ |url-status=dead }} The company would primarily focus on the Chinese and Japanese markets where luxury consumption is high.{{cite news |url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_26/b3839107_mz033.htm |title=Can the High End Hold Its Own? European Luxury Brands Expand in Japan as the Market Is Starting To Ebb |magazine=Bloomberg Businessweek |date=June 30, 2003 |access-date=April 2, 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417064823/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/03_26/b3839107_mz033.htm |archive-date= April 17, 2009 |url-status=dead}} The company has also entered a franchise agreement with Grupo AXO to open retail stores in Mexico by 2015.{{cite press release |url=https://abercrombieandfitchcompany.gcs-web.com/news-releases/news-release-details/abercrombie-fitch-announces-entry-mexico |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Announces Entry Into Mexico |publisher=Abercrombie & Fitch |date=November 21, 2014 |access-date=27 February 2020 |archive-date=February 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227191923/https://abercrombieandfitchcompany.gcs-web.com/news-releases/news-release-details/abercrombie-fitch-announces-entry-mexico |url-status=live }} In 2015, the company entered the Middle Eastern market with the opening of its flagship store in Kuwait.{{cite press release |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/abercrombie--fitch-continues-middle-east-expansion-with-first-af-branded-store-in-the-uae-300195632.html |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Continues Middle East Expansion With First A&F Branded Store In The UAE |publisher=Abercrombie & Fitch |via=PR Newswire |access-date=2016-10-27 |archive-date=October 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028092026/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/abercrombie--fitch-continues-middle-east-expansion-with-first-af-branded-store-in-the-uae-300195632.html |url-status=live }} Since then the company has opened locations in Dubai and plans to expand deeper into the Middle East with stores in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman.{{cite news |url=http://fortune.com/2016/05/09/abercrombie-and-fitch-middle-east/ |title=Abercrombie and Fitch Is Expanding Further Into the Middle East |date=2016-05-09 |magazine=Fortune |access-date=2016-10-27 |archive-date=October 28, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028152246/http://fortune.com/2016/05/09/abercrombie-and-fitch-middle-east/ |url-status=live }}
==Remembrance poppy prohibition in the UK==
In November 2010, the Southampton, England, store prevented 18-year-old Harriet Phipps from wearing a remembrance poppy, which is worn as part of the Remembrance Day commemorations in the United Kingdom and Canada every November. The official reason for the refusal was reported to be that the poppy is not considered part of the corporate approved uniform, and is therefore prohibited.{{cite news| date=November 8, 2010| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-11708637| title=Southampton Hollister Employee Told To Take Off Poppy| work=BBC News| access-date=October 26, 2011| archive-date=October 25, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025200308/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-11708637| url-status=live}} The ban drew criticisms, and on November 8 the company posted on its Facebook page the following statement: "As an American company that has been around since 1892, we appreciate the sacrifices of the British and American servicemen/women in the World Wars and in military conflicts that continue today. Our company policy is to allow associates to wear a poppy as a token of this appreciation on Remembrance Day. Going forward, ...we will revisit this policy to the days/weeks leading up to Remembrance Day."
=Abercrombie Kids shop on Savile Row=
In 2012, the company announced plans that it would open its Abercrombie Kids shop at No. 3 on Savile Row, next door to Gieves & Hawkes.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2012/mar/11/1 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch with its 'crappy clothes' threatens staid Savile Row |date=March 11, 2012 |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |access-date=February 16, 2013 |archive-date=September 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904222206/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2012/mar/11/1 |url-status=live }} The plans drew criticism and opposition from the tailors of the Row, who were already unhappy about the presence of its main store on Burlington Gardens at the end of the Row to begin with. This eventually led to a protest organized by The Chap magazine on April 23, 2012.{{cite news |url=http://thechapmagazine.co.uk/content/section_manifesto/protest.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010074232/http://thechapmagazine.co.uk/content/section_manifesto/protest.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 10, 2012 |title=The Abercrombie & Fitch Protest |magazine=The Chap |access-date=February 16, 2013}}{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/apr/24/abercrombie-fitch-doesnt-fit-savile-row |title=Sorry chaps, Abercrombie & Fitch simply doesn't fit Savile Row |date=April 24, 2012 |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |access-date=February 16, 2013 |archive-date=November 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131116152726/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/apr/24/abercrombie-fitch-doesnt-fit-savile-row |url-status=live }} During the consultation period, objections were lodged to Westminster City Council and in February 2013 the Council rejected many of the company's proposals for the store, and branded the entire plans "utterly unacceptable."{{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/abercrombie--fitchs-plans-for-savile-row-branch-are-deeply-flawed-8481357.html |title=Abercrombie & Fitch's plans for Savile Row branch are 'deeply flawed' |location=London |newspaper=Evening Standard |date=February 5, 2013 |access-date=February 16, 2013 |archive-date=July 1, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701070557/http://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/abercrombie--fitchs-plans-for-savile-row-branch-are-deeply-flawed-8481357.html |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.savilerowbespoke.com/2013/03/utterly-unacceptable/ |title=Utterly Unacceptable |date=March 29, 2013 |website=Savile Row Bespoke |access-date=June 21, 2013 |archive-date=June 10, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610141733/http://www.savilerowbespoke.com/2013/03/utterly-unacceptable/ |url-status=live }} A&F appealed, managed to overcome the obstacles and opened the store in September 2014.{{cite web |url=http://www.fashionunited.co.uk/fashion-news/design/abercrombie-kids-lands-in-the-uk-with-debut-store-opening-2014082822198 |title=Abercrombie Kids lands in the UK with debut store opening |website=Fashion United |date=August 28, 2014 |access-date=September 4, 2014 |archive-date=September 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904152114/http://www.fashionunited.co.uk/fashion-news/design/abercrombie-kids-lands-in-the-uk-with-debut-store-opening-2014082822198 |url-status=live }} The following year, the company was subject to nearly £16,000 in fines and legal costs when it was ruled that changes it had made in the Grade II-listed building were illegal.{{cite news |title=Fashion chain fined for altering Beatles building |last=Lynch |first=Russell |date=July 7, 2015 |location=London |newspaper=Evening Standard |page=7}}
= Abercrombie opens college campus stores =
In an attempt to more effectively reach the brand's ideal "college-age" customer, the company tested two experimental campus stores in August 2018, both of which have since closed.{{cite news |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2018/06/29/abercrombie-secures-its-first-two-college-campus.html |title=Abercrombie & Fitch coming to Gateway as it secures its first college campus stores |last=Easton |first=Dan |date=June 29, 2018 |newspaper=Columbus Business First |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128174427/https://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2018/06/29/abercrombie-secures-its-first-two-college-campus.html |url-status=live }}
Brands
The company has operated four concept brands apart from its namesake over the years; they have been referred to as subsidiaries, but operate as divisions under the company's umbrella.
;Abercrombie Kids: Prep-school by Abercrombie & Fitch{{cite web |url=http://www.abercrombie.com/anf/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805104444/http://www.abercrombie.com/anf/index.html |archive-date=August 5, 2009 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch |website=Abercrombie & Fitch Co.|access-date=May 16, 2009}} Themed as "classic cool" for kids 7 through 14, this is the children's version of Abercrombie & Fitch.
;Hollister Co.: Southern California by Abercrombie & Fitch Themed after "SoCal" for teenagers 14 through 18, with significantly lower prices than its parent brand.
;Gilly Hicks: The cheeky cousin of Abercrombie & Fitch Themed after "Down Under" Sydney, offers underwear, loungewear and activewear for women 18 and up.[http://seekingalpha.com/article/45367-abercrombie-fitch-f2q07-qtr-end-8-4-07-earnings-call-transcript "Abercrombie & Fitch F2Q07 Earnings Call Transcript"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111502/http://seekingalpha.com/article/45367-abercrombie-fitch-f2q07-qtr-end-8-4-07-earnings-call-transcript |date=March 4, 2016 }}. Seeking Alpha. Retrieved October 27, 2023. Currently sold primarily within Hollister Co. stores and e-commerce channels with a small number of individual store locations.
;Ruehl No.925: Post-Grad by Abercrombie & Fitch Themed after a fictional Greenwich Village heritage, offered clothes for 22 through 35 post-grads. Closed in 2010.{{cite web |url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=61701&p=irol-newsArticle_print&ID=1391095&highlight= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119004708/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=61701&p=irol-newsArticle_print&ID=1391095&highlight= |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 19, 2016 |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Reports Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year-End Results |website=Abercrombie & Fitch Co. |date=February 16, 2010 |access-date=February 24, 2010}}
;Social Tourist: “Social Tourist is the creative vision of Hollister, the teen brand liberating the spirit of an endless summer, and social media personalities Charli and Dixie D’Amelio. The lifestyle brand creates trend forward apparel that allows teens to experiment with their style, while exploring the duality of who they are both on social media and in real life.“
Legal issues
The company has been involved in legal conflicts over its employment practices, rape and exploitation of employees, treatment of customers, and clothing styles.
=Employment practices=
{{see also|Employment Practices Liability}}
In a 2004 lawsuit González v. Abercrombie & Fitch, the company was accused of discriminating against African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, and women by preferentially offering floor sales positions (called Brand Representatives before the settlement and Models after) and store management positions to Caucasian males.{{cite press release |url=http://www.afjustice.com/index.htm |title=$40 Million Paid to Class Members in December 2005 in Abercrombie & Fitch Discrimination Lawsuit Settlement |publisher=Lieff Cabraser |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070308195814/http://www.afjustice.com/index.htm |archive-date=March 8, 2007}} The company agreed to a settlement of the class-action suit, which required the company to (1) pay $40 million to African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, and women who applied and were not hired or worked in certain store positions, (2) revise its hiring, performance measurement, and promotion policies, (3) revise its internal complaint procedures, (4) appoint a Vice President of Diversity, (5) hire 25 recruiters to seek out minority applicants, (6) discontinue the practice of recruiting employees at primarily white fraternities and sororities, (7) include more minorities in marketing materials, (8) report to a neutral court-appointed monitor twice per year regarding its progress in those areas, and (9) report to the court once per year."National Clothing Retailer Must Pay For Discrimination". The Defender. Winter 2005, 1. Description of the settlement of Gonzalez.{{cite news |author=Greenhouse, Steven |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Bias Case Is Settled |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/17/national/17settle.html?_r=1&scp=10&sq=Abercrombie&st=nyt&oref=slogin |newspaper=The New York Times |date=November 17, 2004 |access-date=September 20, 2008 |url-access=subscription |author-link=Steven Greenhouse |archive-date=May 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525035850/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/17/national/17settle.html?_r=1&scp=10&sq=Abercrombie&st=nyt&oref=slogin |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.afjustice.com |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Discrimination Lawsuit Settlement Website |access-date=June 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707092538/http://www.afjustice.com/ |archive-date=July 7, 2011 |url-status=dead}}
In June 2009, British law student Riam Dean, who had worked at the company's flagship store in London's Savile Row, took the company to an employment tribunal. Dean, who was born without a left forearm, claimed that although she was initially given special permission to wear clothing that covered her prosthetic limb, she was soon told that her appearance breached the company's "Look Policy" and sent to work in the stockroom, out of sight of customers. Dean sued the company for disability discrimination, and sought up to £20,000 in damages.{{cite news | date=June 24, 2009 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8116231.stm | title=Disabled Woman Sues Clothes Store | work=BBC News | access-date=October 27, 2011 | archive-date=September 19, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919022434/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8116231.stm | url-status=live }} In August 2009, the tribunal ruled the 22-year-old was wrongfully dismissed and unlawfully harassed. She was awarded £8,013 for loss of earnings and wrongful dismissal.{{cite news |date=August 13, 2009 |url=http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/UK-News/Abercrombie-And-Fitch-Lose-Wrongful-Dismissal-Case-Against-Law-Student-With-False-Arm/Article/200908215360619?lpos=UK_News_Carousel_Region_3&lid=ARTICLE_15360619_Abercrombie_And_Fitch_Lose_Wrongful_Dismissal_Case_Against_Law_Student_With_False_Arm_ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120718053618/http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/UK-News/Abercrombie-And-Fitch-Lose-Wrongful-Dismissal-Case-Against-Law-Student-With-False-Arm/Article/200908215360619?lpos=UK_News_Carousel_Region_3&lid=ARTICLE_15360619_Abercrombie_And_Fitch_Lose_Wrongful_Dismissal_Case_Against_Law_Student_With_False_Arm_ |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-18 |title=Designer Shop Sued By Disabled Worker |work=Sky News |access-date=October 27, 2011}}{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8200140.stm |title=Woman Wins Clothes Store Tribunal |work=BBC News |date=August 13, 2009 |access-date=October 27, 2011 |archive-date=September 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919022434/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8200140.stm |url-status=live }}
In a lawsuit filed in September 2009, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Abercrombie & Fitch Stores,{{cite web |title=Complaint, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc |url=https://www.pacermonitor.com/view/DXPTJKY/Equal_Employment_Opportunity_Commission_v_Abercrombie_%26_Fitch_Stores_Inc__okndce-09-00602__0002.0.pdf |website=PacerMonitor |access-date=16 June 2016 |archive-date=August 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809133907/https://www.pacermonitor.com/view/DXPTJKY/Equal_Employment_Opportunity_Commission_v_Abercrombie_%26_Fitch_Stores_Inc__okndce-09-00602__0002.0.pdf |url-status=live }} in U.S. District Court by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 17-year-old Samantha Elauf said she applied, in June 2008, for a sales position at the Abercrombie Kids store in the Woodland Hills Mall, located in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The teenager, who wears a hijab in accordance with her religious beliefs, claims the manager told her the headscarf violates the store's "Look Policy".{{cite magazine |author=Gregory, Sean |title=Abercrombie Faces a Muslim-Headscarf Lawsuit |url=http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1925607,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926025427/http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1925607,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 26, 2009 |date=September 23, 2009 |magazine=Time |access-date= October 27, 2011}} The United States Supreme Court agreed to hear the case on February 25, 2015,{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/19/supreme-court-headscarf-abercrombie_n_6716236.html?cps=gravity_2677_7504862331160640321 |title=Supreme Court To Hear Case Of Muslim Who Says Abercrombie & Fitch Denied Her Job Because Of Hijab |website=The Huffington Post |date=February 19, 2015 |access-date=July 9, 2015}} and ruled 8–1 on June 1, 2015, against the company.{{cite news |last1=de Vogue |first1=Ariane |title=SCOTUS rules in favor of Muslim woman in suit against Abercrombie and Fitch over head covering |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/06/01/politics/supreme-court-abercrombie-fitch-headscarf/index.html |date=June 1, 2015 |access-date=June 1, 2015 |work=CNN}}
In 2010, a Muslim woman working at a Hollister store in San Mateo, California, was fired. Before being dismissed, Hani Khan had refused Abercrombie & Fitch's human-resources representative's demand that she remove her hijab. The representative reportedly stated that the headscarf, which Khan wears for religious reasons, violated the company's "Look Policy". The Council on American-Islamic Relations has stated that the dismissal is a violation of non-discrimination laws, and filed a complaint with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.{{cite news |author=Knowles, David |url=http://www.aolnews.com/nation/article/hollister-fires-hani-khan-19-for-wearing-muslim-head-scarf/19373618 |title=Store Fires Woman for Wearing Muslim Head Scarf |date=February 26, 2010 |work=AOL News |access-date=October 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612155054/http://www.aolnews.com/nation/article/hollister-fires-hani-khan-19-for-wearing-muslim-head-scarf/19373618 |archive-date=June 12, 2010 |df=mdy-all}}
In 2011, the Belgian Centre for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism started an investigation into the company's hiring and remuneration policies. The firm was suspected of only hiring personnel under 25 years old, making heavy demands on the physical appearance of its staff and rewarding a premium to male models that work shirtless.{{cite news |author=De Wilde, Sander |url=http://standaard.be/artikel/detail.aspx?artikelid=DMF20111209_047 |title=CGKR opent dossier tegen A&F |date=December 9, 2011 |newspaper=De Standaard |location=Brussels |access-date=December 9, 2011 |archive-date=April 26, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426041853/http://standaard.be/artikel/detail.aspx?artikelid=DMF20111209_047 |url-status=live }}
In November 2009, the company was added to the "Sweatshop Hall of Shame 2010" by the worker advocacy group International Labor Rights Forum.{{cite web |url=http://www.laborrights.org/sites/default/files/publications-and-resources/sweatshop_hall_shame_2010.pdf |title=Sweatshop Hall of Shame 2010 |website=International Labor Rights Forum |access-date=January 6, 2010 |archive-date=April 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409010542/http://www.laborrights.org/sites/default/files/publications-and-resources/sweatshop_hall_shame_2010.pdf |url-status=live }}
=Customer issues=
In 2009, the company was fined more than $115,000 by the Minnesota Department of Human Rights for refusing to let a teenage girl help her sister, who has autism, try on clothes in a fitting room. The amount of the fine reflected "pushback" by the company according to Michael K. Browne, the legal affairs manager of the Minnesota Department of Human Rights.Shiffer, James Eli; Friedman, Jane (September 9, 2009). [http://www.startribune.com/local/south/57918152.html "Girl: I Was Treated Like a 'Misfit' at Abercrombie & Fitch"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912073101/http://www.startribune.com/local/south/57918152.html |date=September 12, 2009 }}. Star Tribune. Minneapolis. Retrieved October 27, 2011.
A 16-year-old sued the company after discovering that she was being videotaped in a changing room by an employee, Kenneth Applegate II. Applegate denied the claim, but co-workers discovered his camera days later with the video on it.{{cite web |author=Walters, Chris |url=http://consumerist.com/5356685/16+year+old-unwittingly-stars-in-homemade-abercrombie--fitch-dressing-room-video |title=16-Year-Old Unwittingly Stars in Homemade Abercrombie & Fitch Dressing Room Video |website=The Consumerist |date=September 10, 2009 |access-date=October 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091009115436/http://consumerist.com/5356685/16%2Byear%2Bold-unwittingly-stars-in-homemade-abercrombie--fitch-dressing-room-video |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |df=mdy-all}}
In 2010, a customer filed a class action relating to a 2009 holiday gift card promotion. The lawsuit alleges that the gift cards said "No Expiration Date" but Abercrombie voided and expired the gift cards in early 2010. In 2012, a judge certified a nationwide class in the case. In May 2013, Class Notice went out to potential a class members.{{cite web |title=Boundas v. Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc |url=http://www.abercrombieclassaction.com |website=Class Notice Website |access-date=May 24, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601193830/http://abercrombieclassaction.com/ |archive-date=June 1, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}} The company settled the case in 2016.{{cite web |title=Hollister, Abercrombie & Fitch Promotional Gift Card Settlement |url=https://topclassactions.com/lawsuit-settlements/closed-settlements/hollister-abercrombie-fitch-promotional-gift-card-settlement/ |first=Ashley |last=Milano |date= December 7, 2016 |website=Top Class Actions |access-date=October 27, 2023}}
=Lawsuits against other parties=
In 2002, the company filed a lawsuit against American Eagle Outfitters, claiming that American Eagle copied the company's garment designs, among other things. The lawsuit was based on a trade-dress claim, stating that American Eagle had very closely mimicked the company's products' visual appearance and packaging. Specifically, it claimed that American Eagle copied particular articles of clothing, in-store displays and advertisements, and even its product catalog. Despite the admission that American Eagle might have utilized very similar materials, designs, in-store displays, symbols, color combinations, and patterns as A&F, the court ruled that there was not an excessive level of similarity to confuse potential customers, and therefore the court ruled in favor of American Eagle.{{cite web |url=http://www.audiocasefiles.com/acf_cases/9996-abercrombie-fitch-stores-inc-v-american-eagle-outfitters |title=Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc. v. American Eagle Outfitters |website=LexisNexis |access-date=July 24, 2010 |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202113057/http://www.audiocasefiles.com/acf_cases/9996-abercrombie-fitch-stores-inc-v-american-eagle-outfitters |url-status=dead }}
On October 18, 1999, the company had a lawsuit about making false and misleading statements concerning its growth while knowing the actual growth was less than Wall Street expectations,{{cite web |url=http://origin-www.lexisnexis.com/ap/auth/ |title=Stockholders Sufficiently Plead Investors Relied On Defendants' Misleading Statements To Analysts; In re Abercrombie & Fitch Co. Sec. Litig |url-access=registration |website=LexisNexis |access-date=June 17, 2013 |archive-date=August 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805224627/http://origin-www.lexisnexis.com/ap/auth/ |url-status=live }} and paid $6,050,000 for settlement.
= Mike Jeffries =
During Mike Jeffries' tenure as CEO of Abercrombie & Fitch from 1992 to 2014, the company became synonymous with a hypersexualized and exclusionary brand image. Jeffries' marketing strategies, which emphasized "cool" and attractive youth, encouraged a corporate culture that has since been scrutinized for fostering discriminatory hiring practices and a sexually charged environment.
In 2023, allegations surfaced accusing Jeffries and his partner, Matthew Smith, of orchestrating an international sex trafficking ring between 2008 and 2015. The scheme reportedly involved luring young men, some of whom were Abercrombie employees or aspiring models, with promises of modeling opportunities, only to coerce them into sexual acts. Recruitment efforts allegedly utilized Abercrombie & Fitch email addresses, suggesting a potential overlap between the illicit activities and the company's operations.
Abercrombie & Fitch has publicly expressed being "horrified and disgusted" by the allegations against its former CEO and has stated that it had no knowledge of the alleged misconduct during Jeffries' leadership.{{Cite web |last=Roush |first=Ty |title=More Than 40 Men Accuse Ex-Abercrombie & Fitch CEO Mike Jeffries Of Sexual Abuse, Report Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tylerroush/2025/03/21/more-than-40-men-accuse-ex-abercrombie--fitch-ceo-mike-jeffries-of-sexual-abuse-report-says/ |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=Forbes |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Feitelberg |first=Rosemary |date=2025-03-21 |title=Ex-Abercrombie & Fitch CEO Mike Jeffries Faces New Allegations |url=https://wwd.com/business-news/legal/abercrombie-amp-fitch-mike-jeffries-sex-allegations-1237058562/ |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=WWD |language=en-US}}{{Cite news |last=Demopoulos |first=Alaina |date=2025-01-07 |title=‘People thought we liked being touched and grabbed’: a former Abercrombie model recalls brand’s dark days |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2025/jan/07/abercrombie-model-fashion-worker-protections?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-04-16 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}
Privacy concerns
In February 2019, TechCrunch reported that the Abercrombie & Fitch mobile app in the iOS App Store was using session-replay functionality to record users' activities and send the data to Israeli firm Glassbox without the users' informed consent, compromising users' privacy and contravening the rules of the iOS App Store.{{cite web |website=TechCrunch |url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/02/06/iphone-session-replay-screenshots/ |title=Many popular iPhone apps secretly record your screen without asking |access-date=2019-02-08 |first=Zack |last=Whittaker |date=2019-02-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206230056/https://techcrunch.com/2019/02/06/iphone-session-replay-screenshots/ |archive-date=2019-02-06}}{{cite web |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2019/02/06/iphone-apps-screen-recordings-analytics/ |title=Some Popular iPhone Apps Secretly Record Your Screen for Analytics Purposes |website=MacRumors |access-date=2019-02-08 |first=Juli |last=Clover |date=February 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206234723/https://www.macrumors.com/2019/02/06/iphone-apps-screen-recordings-analytics/ |archive-date=2019-02-06}}
See also
- Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange (A)
- List of S&P 600 companies
- Lifestyle brand
- List of retailers affected by the retail apocalypse
- Retail apocalypse
{{Portal bar|Companies|Fashion|Ohio|1990s}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{cite journal |last=Walters |first=Kyla |title=Mall models: how Abercrombie & Fitch sexualizes its retail workers |journal=Sexualization, Media, and Society |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=237462381664328 |doi=10.1177/2374623816643283 |date=April–June 2016 |doi-access=free}} [http://sme.sagepub.com/content/2/2/2374623816643283.full.pdf+html Pdf.]
External links
{{Commons category}}
- {{Official website|https://www.abercrombie.com}}
{{Finance links
| name = Abercrombie & Fitch Co.
| symbol = ANF
| sec_cik = 1018840
| google = ANF:NYSE
| yahoo = ANF
| bloomberg = ANF:US
| reuters = ANF.N
}}
- [https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?CIK=ANF&action=getcompany Abercrombie & Fitch SEC Filings]
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Category:Abercrombie & Fitch brands
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Category:Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1976
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