Alan Menken

{{Short description|American composer (born 1949)}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}

{{Infobox musical artist

| name = Alan Menken

| image = Alan Menken 2013 (cropped).jpg

| image_size =

| caption = Menken in 2013

| birth_name = Alan Irwin Menken{{cite web|title=Alan Menken Discography at Discogs|website=Discogs|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/Alan+Menken|access-date=August 13, 2012|archive-date=April 15, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415211851/http://www.discogs.com/artist/Alan+Menken|url-status=live}}

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|7|22|mf=y}}

| birth_place = Manhattan, New York City, U.S.

| genre = {{hlist|Pop|musical theatre|film score}}

| occupation = {{hlist|Composer|conductor|arranger|music director|music producer}}

| years_active = 1972–present

| label = {{hlist|Walt Disney}}

| spouse = {{marriage|Janis Roswick|1972|}}

| website = {{URL|alanmenken-live.herokuapp.com}}

}}

Alan Irwin Menken (born July 22, 1949) is an American composer and conductor. Over his career he has received numerous accolades including winning eight Academy Awards, a Tony Award, eleven Grammy Awards, seven Golden Globe Awards, and a Daytime Emmy Award. He is one of 21 recipients to have won the competitive EGOT (Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony).{{Cite web|last=Nordyke|first=Kimberly|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/alan-menken-achieves-egot-status-daytime-emmy-win-1304488|title=Alan Menken Achieves EGOT Status With Daytime Emmy Win|date=July 26, 2020|work=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=July 27, 2020|archive-date=October 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016140319/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/alan-menken-achieves-egot-status-daytime-emmy-win-1304488|url-status=live}}

He is best known for his scores and songs for films produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. Menken's contributions to The Little Mermaid (1989), Beauty and the Beast (1991), Aladdin (1992), and Pocahontas (1995) won him two Academy Awards for each film. He also composed the scores and songs for Little Shop of Horrors (1986), Newsies (1992), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), Hercules (1997), Home on the Range (2004), Enchanted (2007), Tangled (2010), Disenchanted (2022), and Spellbound (2024), among others.

He is also known for his work in musical theater for Broadway winning the Tony Award for Best Original Score for Newsies (2012). He was Tony-nominated for Beauty and the Beast (1993), The Little Mermaid (2008), Sister Act (2009), and Aladdin (2014). His other stage hits include Little Shop of Horrors (1982), A Christmas Carol (1994), Leap of Faith (2012), and A Bronx Tale (2016).

Menken has collaborated with lyricists such as Howard Ashman, Tim Rice, Stephen Schwartz, David Zippel, Glenn Slater, Benj Pasek and Justin Paul, and Lin-Manuel Miranda.

Early life and education

Alan Irwin Menken was born on July 22, 1949, at French Hospital in Manhattan, to Judith and Norman Menken. His father was a boogie-woogie piano-playing dentist, and his mother was an actress, dancer and playwright.[http://www.alanmenken.com/m/timeline/ "Timeline. Official Site"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227150247/http://www.alanmenken.com/m/timeline/ |date=December 27, 2019 }}, Alanmenken.com, accessed February 19, 2016 His family was Jewish.{{cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/hes-a-guest-composer-alan-menken-shares-thoughts-at-bmi-master-class-com-79059|title=He's a Guest: Composer Alan Menken Shares Thoughts at BMI Master Class|website=Playbill|date=December 18, 1998|access-date=March 17, 2017|archive-date=January 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113084445/https://www.playbill.com/article/hes-a-guest-composer-alan-menken-shares-thoughts-at-bmi-master-class-com-79059|url-status=live}} Menken developed an interest in music at an early age, taking piano and violin lessons. He began to compose at an early age.[https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/alan-menken/ "Alan Menken: Year Inducted 2001"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126082421/https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/alan-menken/ |date=January 26, 2021 }}, Disney Legends, D23.com, accessed February 19, 2016 At age nine, at the New York Federation of Music Clubs Junior Composers Contest, his original composition "Bouree" was rated Superior and Excellent by the judges.

Menken noted that "Before college, I was writing songs to further my dream of being the next Bob Dylan. A lot of guitar songs – I was composing on piano before that."{{cite web|url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/10_questions_with_alan_and_anna_rose_menken|title=10 Questions With Alan and Anna Rose Menken|website=BMI.com|date=May 22, 2013|access-date=February 19, 2016|archive-date=February 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206055331/https://www.bmi.com/news/entry/10_questions_with_alan_and_anna_rose_menken|url-status=live}}

He attended New Rochelle High School in New Rochelle, New York, and graduated in 1967. Menken remembers: "I'd make up my own Bach fugues and Beethoven sonatas because I was bored with the piano and I didn't want to practice; so I'd go off on tangents".{{cite news|first=Alvin|last=Klein|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/27/nyregion/theater-composer-finds-his-niche-in-life.html|title=Theater: Composer Finds His Niche in Life|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 27, 1986|access-date=February 19, 2016|archive-date=May 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516150941/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/27/nyregion/theater-composer-finds-his-niche-in-life.html|url-status=live}} He then enrolled at New York University.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/102519/Alan-Menken/biography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151101205216/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/102519/Alan-Menken/biography|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 1, 2015|department=Movies & TV Dept.|work=The New York Times|author=Sandra Brennan|date=2015|title=Alan Menken biography|access-date=February 19, 2016}} Menken graduated in 1972 from University College of Arts and Science at the Heights campus, which is now the College of Arts and Science.{{cite web|url=https://www.nyu.edu/alumni/news-publications/nyu-connect-newsletter/november-2017/spotlight-alan-menken.html|title=Spotlight: Alan Menken (ARTS '72, HON '00)|website=nuy.edu|date=November 15, 2017|access-date=March 31, 2023|archive-date=March 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331191607/https://www.nyu.edu/alumni/news-publications/nyu-connect-newsletter/november-2017/spotlight-alan-menken.html|url-status=live}} After college, he attended the BMI Lehman Engel Musical Theatre Workshop.{{cite magazine|first=Kenneth|last=Jones|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/hes-a-guest-composer-alan-menken-shares-thoughts-at-bmi-master-class-79059|title=He's a Guest: Composer Alan Menken Shares Thoughts at BMI Master Class|magazine=Playbill|date=December 18, 1998}}

Menken recalled: "First, I was pre-med. I thought I'd be a dentist like my dad. Finally, I got a degree in music, but I didn't care about musicology. It wasn't until I joined BMI Workshop ... under Lehman Engel, and walked into a room with other composers that I knew this was it."

Career

=1974–1987: Early career and breakthrough=

After graduating, Menken's plan was to become either a rock star or a recording artist. His interest in writing musicals increased when he joined the Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) Musical Theatre Workshop and was mentored by Lehman Engel. From 1974 to 1978, he showcased various BMI workshop works, such as Midnight, Apartment House (lyric by Muriel Robinson), Conversations with Pierre, Harry the Rat and Messiah on Mott Street (lyrics by David Spencer).{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} According to Menken, during this period, he "worked as a ballet and modern dance accompanist, a musical director for club acts, a jingle writer, arranger, a songwriter for Sesame Street and a vocal coach". He performed his material at clubs like The Ballroom, Reno Sweeny and Tramps.[http://www.alanmenken.com/m/biography/ "Biography, 1972-1980"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227150242/http://www.alanmenken.com/m/biography/ |date=December 27, 2019 }}, Alanmenken.com, accessed February 19, 2016

In 1976, John Wilson reported for The New York Times that members of Engel's BMI Workshop began performing as part of the "Broadway at the Ballroom" series: "The opening workshop program ... featured Maury Yeston and Alan Menken, both playing their piano accompaniment and singing songs they have written for potential musicals."{{cite news|first=John S.|last=Wilson|title=Someday, Maybe on Broadway, But for Now They Are in SoHo|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 13, 1976|page=33}} Wilson reviewed a performance at the Ballroom in 1977 where Menken accompanied a singer: "In the current cabaret world, a piano accompanist is no longer expected to merely play piano for a singer. More and more, pianists can be heard joining in vocally, harmonizing with the singer, creating a background of shouts and exclamations or even doing brief passages of solo singing."{{cite news|first=John S.|last=Wilson|title=Menken and Ellen March Play|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 3, 1977|page=71}}

Menken contributed material to revues like New York's Back in Town, Big Apple Country, The Present Tense (1977),{{cite book|first=Dan|last=Dietz|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fgOqZWHCLbUC&pg=PA362|chapter=Present Tense|title=Off Broadway Musicals, 1910–2007: Casts, Credits, Songs, Critical Reception|publisher=McFarland|location=Jefferson, North Carolina|date=2010|isbn=978-0-7864-5731-1|page=362|access-date=December 6, 2020|archive-date=June 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629170931/https://books.google.com/books?id=fgOqZWHCLbUC&pg=PA362|url-status=live}} Real Life Funnies (Off-Broadway, 1981),{{cite news|first=Frank|last=Rich|author-link=Frank Rich|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/12/theater/revue-real-life-funnies.html|title=Revue. Real Life Funnies|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 12, 1981|access-date=February 19, 2016|archive-date=August 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824104754/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/12/theater/revue-real-life-funnies.html|url-status=live}} Diamonds (Off-Broadway, 1984), and Personals (Off-Off-Broadway, 1985).{{cite news|first=Frank|last=Rich|author-link=Frank Rich|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/25/theater/stage-personals-musical-comedy.html|title=Stage. 'Personal' Musical Comedy|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 25, 1985|access-date=February 19, 2016|archive-date=August 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821101758/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/25/theater/stage-personals-musical-comedy.html|url-status=live}} His revue Patch, Patch, Patch ran at the West Bank Cafe in New York City in 1979 and featured Chip Zien. The New York Times reviewer Mel Gussow wrote: "The title song ... refers to a life's passage. According to Alan Menken ... after age 30 it is a downhill plunge."{{cite news|first=Mel|last=Gussow|author-link=Mel Gussow|title=Cabaret: Patch, a Revue With Cheer for Over 30's: Life Passes|newspaper=The New York Times|date=August 16, 1979|page=C14}} Menken wrote several shows that were not produced, including Atina, Evil Queen of the Galaxy (1980), with lyrics by Steve Brown. He also wrote The Thorn with lyrics by Brown, which was commissioned by Divine in 1980. This was a parody of the film The Rose, but they could not raise the money to have it produced.{{cite book|first=Bernard|last=Jay|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m0jQr2HfvsoC&pg=PA87|chapter=Briefly Not the Bitch|title=Not Simply Divine|publisher=Simon and Schuster|location=New York City|date=1994|page=87|isbn=0-671-88467-0}} He collaborated with Howard Ashman in an uncompleted musical called Babe ({{circa|1981}}),{{cite magazine|first=Kenneth|last=Jones|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/howard-sings-ashman-cds-will-feature-demos-from-smile-babe-mermaid-and-more-154119|title="Howard Sings Ashman" CDs Will Feature Demos From Smile, Babe, Mermaid and Mor|magazine=Playbill|date=October 10, 2008|access-date=February 20, 2016}}{{cite book|first=Steven|last=Suskin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3mOZv6OaUIC&pg=PA359|contribution=Alan Menken|title=Show Tunes: The Songs, Shows, and Careers of Broadways Major Composers|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, England|date=2010|pages=356–359|isbn=978-0-19-974209-7|access-date=February 20, 2016|archive-date=June 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629170935/https://books.google.com/books?id=_3mOZv6OaUIC&pg=PA359|url-status=live}} with Tom Eyen in Kicks: The Showgirl Musical (1984),{{cite magazine|first=Jennifer|last=Tepper|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/they-only-ran-a-minute-10-forgotten-musicals-due-for-a-revival-348054/P11#They|title=Only Ran a Minute! 10 Forgotten Musicals Due For a Revival|magazine=Playbill|date=May 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904072156/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/they-only-ran-a-minute-10-forgotten-musicals-due-for-a-revival-348054/P11#They |archive-date=September 4, 2015|access-date=February 19, 2016}} and with David Rogers in The Dream in Royal Street ({{circa|1981}}), which was an adaptation of A Midsummer Night's Dream. Menken contributed music for the film The Line (1980), directed by Robert J. Siegel.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/23/obituaries/robert-siegel.html|title=The Line Details|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 23, 1986|access-date=November 29, 2020|archive-date=December 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209150651/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/23/obituaries/robert-siegel.html|url-status=live}}

File:Little Shop of Horrors (16025253336).jpg (1982)]]

Menken finally achieved success as a composer when playwright Howard Ashman chose him and Engel to write the music for his musical adaptation of Kurt Vonnegut's novel God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater. The musical opened in 1979 at the WPA TheaterGussow, Mel. "Stage: God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater: In Vonnegut Land", The New York Times, May 21, 1979, p. C14 to excellent reviews and modest box office. It transferred after several months to the Off-Broadway Entermedia Theater, where it ran for an additional six weeks.Corry, John. "Broadway: The Phoenix's place in the city's theatrical life", The New York Times, August 17, 1979, p. C2Jones, Kenneth. [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/menken-ashmans-god-bless-you-mr.-rosewater-gets-nyc-concert-march-7-111930 "Menken & Ashman's God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater Gets NYC Concert March 7"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924060712/https://www.playbill.com/news/article/menken-ashmans-god-bless-you-mr.-rosewater-gets-nyc-concert-march-7-111930 |date=September 24, 2020 }}, Playbill, March 6, 2003, accessed February 18, 2016[http://lortel.org/Archives/Production/2384 "God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater Listing"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216032142/http://www.lortel.org/Archives/Production/2384 |date=December 16, 2018 }}, Lortel.org, accessed February 18, 2016Vonnegut, Kurt. [https://books.google.com/books?id=P7Wn0gB9GpYC&pg=PA3 "Script"] Kurt Vonnegut's God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater, Samuel French, Inc., 1980, {{ISBN|0573681252}}, pp. 3-4 Menken and Ashman wrote their next musical, Little Shop of Horrors, for a cast of only 9 performers, including a puppeteer. This musical is based on the 1960 black comedy film The Little Shop of Horrors. It opened at WPA Theater in 1982 to warm reviews. It moved to the Off Broadway Orpheum Theatre in the East Village, Manhattan, where it ran for five years. The musical set the box-office record for highest grossing Off-Broadway show of all time. It toured around the world, won theater awards and was adapted as a 1986 musical film starring Rick Moranis that earned Menken and Ashman their first Oscar nomination for the song "Mean Green Mother from Outer Space".[http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/bio/C6010 "Menken Biography"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129161847/http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/bio/C6010 |date=January 29, 2017 }}, Songwritershalloffame.org, accessed February 22, 2016 For his body of work in musical theatre, he was awarded the BMI Career Achievement Award in 1983.

In 1987, Menken and lyricist David Spencer's adaptation The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz, based on the 1959 novel of the same name, was produced in Philadelphia. After substantial re-writes, it was produced in 2015 in Montreal. In 1992, the WPA Theatre produced Menken's Weird Romance, also with lyrics by Spencer. Menken's musical based on the Charles Dickens novella A Christmas Carol, with lyrics by Lynn Ahrens and book by Mike Ockrent, debuted at Madison Square Garden's Paramount Theater in 1994.Richards, David. [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/02/theater/theater-review-christmas-carol-famous-miser-tiny-tim-tap-dancing-chorus.html "Theater Review. A Christmas Carol; A Famous Miser, Tiny Tim and a Tap-Dancing Chorus"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203192041/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/02/theater/theater-review-christmas-carol-famous-miser-tiny-tim-tap-dancing-chorus.html |date=February 3, 2021 }}, The New York Times, December 2, 1994, accessed February 18, 2016 The show proved successful and was an annual New York holiday event.[http://www.mtishows.com/show-history/849 "Show History"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927021224/https://www.mtishows.com/show-history/849 |date=September 27, 2020 }}, MTIshows.com, accessed February 18, 2016 From 1989 to 1990, Menken and Howard Ashman wrote songs for the popular puppet TV show Sesame Street.Street Gang. Michael Davis. New York, Penguin Group. 2008. p. 269 In 2008, Menken said that his work on Sesame Street was "pathetic money, but it still had some prestige to it. It was on the air and [he] was getting some royalties". The duo also wrote a song titled "Wonderful Ways to Say No" for the 1990 animated anti-drug special Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue.

=1989–2007: Disney Renaissance and Broadway work=

File:Tim Rice, 1 December 2020.jpg]]

On the strength of the success of Little Shop of Horrors, Menken and Ashman were hired by Walt Disney Studios to write the music for The Little Mermaid (1989). The challenge was to create an animated musical film of this Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale that could sit alongside the Disney films Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Cinderella. The Little Mermaid opened to critical and commercial success and signaled a new Disney era called the Disney Renaissance.{{cite web | url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/mpaarating.htm?rating=G&yr=1989&p=.htm | title=1989 Yearly Box Office for G-Rated Movies | publisher=Internet Movie Database | work=Box Office Mojo | access-date=July 29, 2010 | archive-date=November 2, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102185948/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/mpaarating.htm?rating=G&yr=1989&p=.htm | url-status=live }} The film gave them their first Academy Award win: Best Song for the song "Under the Sea". Menken also won the 1989 Academy Award for Best Score.[http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearch/action=searchLink&displayType=6&BSNomineeID=68951 "Menken Academy Awards"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723203618/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearch |date=July 23, 2008 }}, Awardsdatabase.oscars.org, accessed February 19, 2016 Critic Roger Ebert declared in his review, [the film] contains some of the best Disney music since the glory days."{{cite web|url= https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-little-mermaid-1989#:~:text=Walt%20Disney's%20%E2%80%9CThe%20Little%20Mermaid,Disney%20work%20of%20the%20past.|title= The Little Mermaid review|website= Rogerebert.com|accessdate= January 23, 2025}}

Menken and Ashman's Beauty and the Beast garnered them three 1991 Academy Award nominations for Best Song, winning for its title song. Menken won another Academy Award for Best Score. The two were working on Aladdin at the time of Ashman's death in 1991. Ashman wrote only three songs in the film and Menken collaborated with Tim Rice, who was then working on The Lion King, to write the rest of the songs for the film. The film won an Academy Award in 1992 for Best Song, "A Whole New World". Menken also won the Oscar for Best Score. Menken debuted on Broadway with a musical theater adaptation of Beauty and the Beast that opened in 1994 and ran for 13 years before closing in 2007. In 1997, he collaborated with lyricist Tim Rice on a musical, King David, based on the biblical character, which was performed in a concert version on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theatre. Little Shop of Horrors played on Broadway from 2003 to 2004.[http://www.ibdb.com/Person/View/12135 "Alan Menken"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229151150/http://www.ibdb.com/Person/View/12135 |date=February 29, 2016 }}, Internet Broadway Database, accessed February 17, 2016

Menken's live-action musical film Newsies, with lyrics by Jack Feldman, was released in 1992. Three more animated musical films followed. Menken collaborated with Stephen Schwartz for Pocahontas, for which the two won two Academy Awards: Best Song and Best Musical or Comedy Score. In 1996, the same musical team created the songs, and Menken, the score, for The Hunchback of Notre Dame. In 1997, Menken reunited with his early collaborator, David Zippel, for his last film in the era, Hercules.[https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/451904/hercules#credits Hercules], TCM.com, accessed February 19, 2016 Menken also wrote the music for the Michael J. Fox vehicle Life with Mikey (1993),Rainer, Peter. [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-06-04-ca-43063-story.html "A Fox Steals the Show in Too-Cute Life"], Los Angeles Times, June 4, 1993, accessed February 18, 2016 the holiday film Noel (2004)Demonte, Adena. [http://www.filmmonthly.com/film/video-and-dvd/noel Noel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208160612/http://www.filmmonthly.com/film/video-and-dvd/noel |date=February 8, 2021 }}, Film Monthly, December 1, 2004, accessed February 18, 2016 and Mirror Mirror (2012).Phares, Heather. [http://www.allmusic.com/album/mirror-mirror-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0002339201 "Alan Menken: Mirror Mirror (Soundtrack)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028182639/https://www.allmusic.com/album/mirror-mirror-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0002339201 |date=October 28, 2021 }}, AllMusic, accessed February 18, 2016 His other film scores for Disney have included Home on the Range (2004), the Tim Allen remake of The Shaggy Dog (2006), Enchanted (2007), and Tangled (2010).

=2008–2016: Return to Broadway=

He next created the stage version of The Little Mermaid, which played on Broadway from 2008 to 2009 and for which he received a nomination for a Tony Award for Best Score. Menken's stage adaptation of Sister Act debuted in London in 2009, and opened on Broadway in 2011. He was nominated for another Tony Award for Best Score.[http://broadwayworld.com/article/2011-Tony-Nominations-Announced-THE-BOOK-OF-MORMON-Leads-With-14-20110503 "2011 Tony Nominations Announced!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110507015850/http://broadwayworld.com/article/2011-Tony-Nominations-Announced-THE-BOOK-OF-MORMON-Leads-With-14-20110503 |date=May 7, 2011 }} BroadwayWorld.com, May 3, 2011 Menken received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2010.Gans, Andrew. [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/144700-Alan-Menken-to-Be-Honored-with-Star-on-the-Hollywood-Walk-of-Fame "Alan Menken to Be Honored with Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101212075313/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/144700-Alan-Menken-to-Be-Honored-with-Star-on-the-Hollywood-Walk-of-Fame |date=December 12, 2010 }}, Playbill, November 8, 2010 In December 2010, he was a guest on the NPR quiz show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!.[https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/2010/12/18/132155902/?showDate=2010-12-18 "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! for December 18, 2010"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208235912/https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/2010/12/18/132155902/?showDate=2010-12-18 |date=February 8, 2021 }}, NPR.org, accessed February 18, 2016 In 2012, Menken won a Tony Award for Best Score for his musical adaptation of Newsies, which ran until 2014. He also wrote the music for Leap of Faith, which had a brief run on Broadway in 2012. His stage adaptation of Aladdin opened on Broadway in 2014, earning him another Tony nomination for Best Score. In 2013, he was a guest at the annual Junior Theatre Festival in Atlanta, Georgia, and was honored with the Junior Theater Festival Award.Hetrick, Adam. [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/2013-junior-theater-festival-to-feature-newsies-cast-alan-menken-thomas-sch-201228?r=n "2013 Junior Theater Festival to Feature Newsies Cast, Alan Menken, Thomas Schumacher, Jeff Calhoun and More"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023222339/https://www.playbill.com/news/article/2013-junior-theater-festival-to-feature-newsies-cast-alan-menken-thomas-sch-201228?r=n |date=October 23, 2020 }}, Playbill, January 7, 2013 He gave a concert there, including music that was cut from various productions, while talking about his creative process.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Menken's stage adaptation of The Hunchback of Notre Dame played at La Jolla Playhouse, California, in 2014.{{cite web| url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Patrick-Page-Michael-Arden-Ciara-Renee-More-to-Lead-THE-HUNCHBACK-OF-NOTRE-DAME-at-La-Jolla-Playhouse-20140904| title=Patrick Page, Michael Arden, Ciara Renee & More to Lead The Hunchback of Notre Dame at La Jolla Playhouse!| website=BroadwayWorld.com| date=September 4, 2014| access-date=February 18, 2016| archive-date=March 30, 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330021007/http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Patrick-Page-Michael-Arden-Ciara-Renee-More-to-Lead-THE-HUNCHBACK-OF-NOTRE-DAME-at-La-Jolla-Playhouse-20140904| url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://playbill.com/news/article/188119-Paper-Mill-Season-Will-Feature-Can-Can-Hunchback-Ever-After-Vanya-and-Sonia-and-More?tsrc=hpt2 |title=Paper Mill Season Will Feature Can-Can, Hunchback, Ever After, Vanya and Sonia and More |publisher=playbill.com |date=February 26, 2014 |access-date=February 18, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302173902/http://playbill.com/news/article/188119-Paper-Mill-Season-Will-Feature-Can-Can-Hunchback-Ever-After-Vanya-and-Sonia-and-More?tsrc=hpt2 |archive-date=March 2, 2014 }} In 2015, Menken co-composed the score for the musical television series Galavant alongside Christopher Lennertz, reuniting him with Tangled screenwriter Dan Fogelman.{{Cite web|url=https://www.scoringsessions.com/2015/01/26/alan-menken-scores-galavant-with-christopher-lennertz/|title=Alan Menken scores Galavant with Christopher Lennertz|date=January 26, 2015|website=ScoringSessions.com|access-date=March 4, 2021|archive-date=February 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211110956/https://scoringsessions.com/2015/01/26/alan-menken-scores-galavant-with-christopher-lennertz/|url-status=live}} Menken also co-wrote songs for the series alongside Glenn Slater.{{cite news |last=Lloyd |first=Robert |date=January 3, 2015 |title='Galavant' musical comedy on ABC is worth the short journey |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-galavant-abc-review-20150103-column.html |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=January 28, 2016 |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203062236/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-galavant-abc-review-20150103-column.html |url-status=live }} The series lasted two seasons, first airing on January 4, 2015, and last airing on January 31, 2016.{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/05/12/galavant-canceled/|title='Galavant' canceled by ABC after two seasons|website=Ew.com|access-date=March 4, 2021|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126025302/https://ew.com/article/2016/05/12/galavant-canceled/|url-status=live}} The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz was revived in Montreal in 2015,Viagas, Robert. [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/alan-menken-david-spencer-musical-duddy-kravitz-will-get-another-chance-in--329783 "Alan Menken-David Spencer Musical Duddy Kravitz Will Get Another Chance in Montreal"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204084003/https://www.playbill.com/news/article/alan-menken-david-spencer-musical-duddy-kravitz-will-get-another-chance-in--329783 |date=December 4, 2020 }}, Playbill, March 28, 2014[http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Cast-Set-for-World-Premiere-of-Alan-Menken-Musical-DUDDY-KRAVITZ-in-Montreal-20150310 "Cast Set for World Premiere of Alan Menken Musical Duddy Kravitz in Montreal"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402223101/https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Cast-Set-for-World-Premiere-of-Alan-Menken-Musical-DUDDY-KRAVITZ-in-Montreal-20150310 |date=April 2, 2019 }}, BroadwayWorld.com, March 10, 2015 and A Bronx Tale: The Musical played at the Paper Mill Playhouse in 2016.[http://www.playbill.com/news/article/the-verdict-critics-review-bronx-tale-the-musical-386840 The Verdict: Critics Review 'Bronx Tale: The Musical'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023224537/https://www.playbill.com/news/article/the-verdict-critics-review-bronx-tale-the-musical-386840 |date=October 23, 2020 }}, Playbill, February 17, 2016 Menken is currently working on stage musical adaptations of Night at the Museum and Animal Farm.{{Cite web|url=https://www.whatsonstage.com/london-theatre/news/alan-menken-glenn-slater-animal-farm_52948.html|title=Alan Menken and Glenn Slater confirm they're working on Animal Farm musical with James Graham|website=Whatsonstage.com|date=December 4, 2020|access-date=March 4, 2021|archive-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203020048/https://www.whatsonstage.com/london-theatre/news/alan-menken-glenn-slater-animal-farm_52948.html|url-status=live}}

=2017–present: Live-Action Disney films=

Menken wrote songs for a prospective prequel/spin-off series to 2017's Beauty and the Beast titled Little Town, which would be centered on Gaston and LeFou. The series would be released on Disney's streaming service, Disney+,{{cite web|url=https://collider.com/gaston-disney-plus-series-title-little-town-alan-menken/|title=Alan Menken Accidentally Reveals the Title of the Disney+ Gaston Show|work=Collider|first=Drew|last=Taylor|date=July 31, 2020|access-date=July 31, 2020|archive-date=August 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802062013/https://collider.com/gaston-disney-plus-series-title-little-town-alan-menken/|url-status=live}} and Menken would also be an executive-producer on the series.{{Cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2021/06/beauty-and-the-beast-prequel-series-disney-plus-briana-middleton-josh-gad-luke-evans-gaston-and-lefou-1234775284/ |title='Beauty and the Beast' Prequel Series Greenlighted By Disney+; Briana Middleton Joins Josh Gad & Luke Evans |date=June 15, 2021 |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=October 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011014850/https://deadline.com/2021/06/beauty-and-the-beast-prequel-series-disney-plus-briana-middleton-josh-gad-luke-evans-gaston-and-lefou-1234775284/ |url-status=live }} In February 2022, it was reported that the series would not go forward for now.{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=February 10, 2022 |title='Beauty And the Beast' Prequel Series Not Going Forward At Disney+ For Now |url=https://deadline.com/2022/02/beauty-and-the-beast-prequel-series-not-going-forward-disney-plus-1234931115/ |access-date=June 22, 2022 |website=Deadline |language=en-US |archive-date=June 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611171032/https://deadline.com/2022/02/beauty-and-the-beast-prequel-series-not-going-forward-disney-plus-1234931115/ |url-status=live }} In March 2017, Disney released a live-action adaptation of Beauty and the Beast, directed by Bill Condon and starring Emma Watson and Dan Stevens, with the songs from the 1991 film and new material by Menken and Rice.{{cite news|last1=McNary|first1=Dave|title=Disney's Live-Action Beauty and the Beast Set for March 17, 2017|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/beauty-and-the-beast-release-date-disney-live-action-2017-1201453646/|access-date=January 10, 2016|work=Variety|date=March 16, 2015|archive-date=May 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150517011233/http://variety.com/2015/film/news/beauty-and-the-beast-release-date-disney-live-action-2017-1201453646/|url-status=live}} Menken collaborated with Benj Pasek and Justin Paul on writing new songs for the 2019 live-action version of Aladdin, directed by Guy Ritchie.{{cite web|url=https://makeitbetter.net/entertainment/alan-menken-talks-live-action-aladdin-little-mermaid-young-lin-manuel-miranda/|title=Alan Menken Talks Live-Action Aladdin, Little Mermaid, and Young Lin-Manuel Miranda|date=January 7, 2019|website=Make It Better – Family, Food, Finances & Philanthropy|language=en-US|access-date=March 15, 2019|archive-date=March 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090319/https://makeitbetter.net/entertainment/alan-menken-talks-live-action-aladdin-little-mermaid-young-lin-manuel-miranda/|url-status=live}}

As of 2019, Menken reunites with his Newsies creators Jack Feldman and Harvey Fierstein to develop a new musical called Greetings from Niagara Falls. A reading was held in January 2019; however, there is no word on future plans for the project at this time.[https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Shoshana-Bean-Bonnie-Milligan-Terrance-Mann-Nancy-Opel-Lead-Reading-of-GREETINGS-FROM-NIAGARA-FALLS-From-The-Creative-Team-Of-NEWSIES-20190122 "Shoshana Bean, Bonnie Milligan, Terrance Mann, Nancy Opel Lead Reading of Greetings From Niagara Falls From The Creative Team Of Newsies"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209014402/https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Shoshana-Bean-Bonnie-Milligan-Terrance-Mann-Nancy-Opel-Lead-Reading-of-GREETINGS-FROM-NIAGARA-FALLS-From-The-Creative-Team-Of-NEWSIES-20190122 |date=February 9, 2021 }} broadwayworld.com, January 22, 2019 In 2017, Menken and Slater returned to write songs for the animated series Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure, which is set after the events of Tangled.{{cite web|url=https://www.comingsoon.net/tv/news/663929-tangled-before-ever-after-adds-ashley-judd-jeffrey-tambor-more|title=Tangled: Before Ever After Adds Ashley Judd, Jeffrey Tambor & More|work=Coming Soon|first=Max|last=Evry|date=March 8, 2016|access-date=March 28, 2016|archive-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203142433/https://www.comingsoon.net/tv/news/663929-tangled-before-ever-after-adds-ashley-judd-jeffrey-tambor-more|url-status=live}} The series ended in 2020, after three seasons. On July 26, 2020, Menken and Slater won the Daytime Emmy Award for Original Song in a Children's, Young Adult or Animated Program for the song titled "Waiting in the Wings".{{cite tweet |user=DaytimeEmmys|author=Daytime Emmys|title=The #DaytimeEmmys Award in Original Song in a Children's, Young Adult or Animated Program goes to...Waiting in the Wings @tangledseries @DisneyChannel @SlaterLyrics @AIMenken |number=1287542177019682817|date=July 26, 2020|access-date=July 27, 2020}}

Menken again worked with Stephen Schwartz to write new songs for Disenchanted, the sequel to Enchanted,{{cite web|url=http://collider.com/adam-shankman-interview-step-up-enchanted-2/#youtube-red|title=Adam Shankman on 'Step Up: High Water' and The Status of the 'Enchanted' Sequel|first=Christina|last=Radish|work=Collider|quote=As planned right now, there's more singing and dancing than there was in the first one, and it's all original music, with Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz coming back to do it.|date=March 7, 2018|access-date=April 30, 2018|archive-date=April 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430115000/http://collider.com/adam-shankman-interview-step-up-enchanted-2/#youtube-red|url-status=live}} Menken also worked on new music for a live-action film adaptation of The Little Mermaid, directed by Rob Marshall, with longtime The Little Mermaid fan Lin-Manuel Miranda,{{cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/VIDEO-Pasek-Paul-to-Team-with-Menken-on-Live-Action-ALADDIN-Miranda-Confirmed-for-LITTLE-MERMAID-20170717|title=VIDEO: Pasek & Paul to Team with Menken on Live-Action ALADDIN; Miranda Confirmed for LITTLE MERMAID|website=Broadway World|access-date=July 18, 2017|archive-date=August 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822180708/https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/VIDEO-Pasek-Paul-to-Team-with-Menken-on-Live-Action-ALADDIN-Miranda-Confirmed-for-LITTLE-MERMAID-20170717|url-status=live}} whom Menken knew since the former's childhood, as Miranda went to the same school as Menken's niece.{{cite magazine|last=Lee|first=Ashley|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/beauty-beast-new-songs-composer-alan-menken-lost-lyrics-gay-character-985602 |title='Beauty and the Beast' Composer Alan Menken on Rediscovering Lost Lyrics and Why He's "Shutting Up" About That Gay Character |magazine=Hollywood Reporter|date=March 14, 2017 |access-date=March 15, 2017}} Menken is also working alongside former Disney chief creative officer John Lasseter on a project at Skydance Animation.{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTv0Sc4TPRE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/dTv0Sc4TPRE| archive-date=December 12, 2021 |url-status=live|title=Talk Back with Alan Menken (2020)|date=March 28, 2020 |publisher=YouTube|access-date=March 4, 2021}}{{cbignore}} On May 20, 2020, the project was revealed to be Vicky Jenson's Spellbound.{{cite magazine|last=Giranda|first=Carolyn|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/behind-screen/alan-menken-compose-original-songs-score-skydance-animations-spellbound-1295380|title=Alan Menken to Compose Original Songs and Score for Skydance Animation's 'Spellbound'|magazine=Hollywood Reporter|date=May 20, 2020|access-date=May 21, 2020}} Menken will co-write songs for Spellbound alongside collaborated with lyricist Glenn Slater, with whom he worked on Home on the Range and Tangled. Menken is also reportedly attached to a sequel to Aladdin.{{cite magazine|last=Taylor|first=Drew|url=https://collider.com/alan-menken-egot/|title=Composer Alan Menken Achieves EGOT Status with Daytime Emmy Win|magazine=Collider|date=July 27, 2020|access-date=August 22, 2020}} Menken was set to work with Schwartz to write new songs for a remake of The Hunchback of Notre Dame, which Menken would score.{{cite web |url=https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a27527282/disney-remakes-aladdin-alan-menken-changes/ |title=Disney legend Alan Menken talks about updating Aladdin and the movie he thinks won't get remade |last=April May |first=Rebecca |date=May 20, 2019 |work=Digital Spy |access-date=June 12, 2019 |archive-date=May 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527112146/https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a27527282/disney-remakes-aladdin-alan-menken-changes/ |url-status=live }} However, in May 2023, Menken suggested that the development had been stalled due to the original movie's content and themes.{{cite news |last=Jirak |first=Jamie |url=https://comicbook.com/movies/news/alan-menken-shares-update-live-action-hunchback-of-notre-dame-movie-hercules-broadway-exclusive-interview/ |title=Alan Menken Shares Update on Live-Action Hunchback of Notre Dame Movie (Exclusive) |work=ComicBook.com |date=May 11, 2023 |access-date=June 9, 2023 |archive-date=June 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610031712/https://comicbook.com/movies/news/alan-menken-shares-update-live-action-hunchback-of-notre-dame-movie-hercules-broadway-exclusive-interview/ |url-status=live }}

With eight Academy Awards, only composer Alfred Newman (nine wins), art director Cedric Gibbons (11 wins) and Walt Disney (22 wins) have received more Academy Awards than Menken. He is tied for fourth place with late costume designer Edith Head, and currently holds the record for the most wins for a living person.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}[https://d23.com/legends/Alan-Menken Disney Legends – Alan Menken] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629170941/https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/alan-menken/ |date=June 29, 2023 }}, Disney Legends, D23.com, accessed February 19, 2016

Personal life

Menken was introduced to ballet dancer Janis Roswick while working with the Downtown Ballet Company. They have been married since November 1972 and live in North Salem, New York with their two daughters, Anna and Nora.[http://www.westchestermagazine.com/Westchester-Magazine/September-2014/Fall-Arts-Preview/Westchester-Fall-Arts-Preview-Theater/ "Westchester Fall Arts Preview: Theater"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202034401/http://www.westchestermagazine.com/Westchester-Magazine/September-2014/Fall-Arts-Preview/Westchester-Fall-Arts-Preview-Theater/ |date=December 2, 2019 }} westchestermagazine.com, Retrieved October 2, 2014.{{Failed verification|date=April 2024}}

Artistry and reception

Menken described his signature style of songwriting as pop and rock music married with a "theatrical sensibility" derived from working with theatre composers Lehman Engel and Maury Yeston. Darryn King of The Sydney Morning Herald observed that Menken's first three Disney films alone demonstrated a wide range of musical genres and styles, namely sea shanties, German cabaret, French music hall, Mozart operetta, and "the Harlem grooves of Fats Waller and Cab Calloway".{{Cite news |last=King |first=Darryn |date=July 15, 2016 |title=Alan Menken: the man who relaunched Disney's fortunes with hit songs |url=https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/alan-menken-the-man-who-relaunched-disneys-fortunes-with-hit-songs-20160714-gq5o6v.html |access-date=February 26, 2025 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald}} Writing for the same publication, Debbie Cuthbertson identified romance, swelling strings, and humour as trademarks of Menken's songs.{{Cite news |last=Cuthbertson |first=Debbie |date=April 17, 2017 |title=Aladdin the Musical: Composer Alan Menken reveals secrets behind Disney songs |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/aladdin-the-musical-composer-alan-menken-reveals-secrets-behind-disney-songs-20170417-gvm5dc.html |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111211316/https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/aladdin-the-musical-composer-alan-menken-reveals-secrets-behind-disney-songs-20170417-gvm5dc.html |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |access-date=February 27, 2025 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald}} Menken said he prefers his compositions to be "hummable", and emphasized the importance of creating infectious melodies and rhythms that elicit desired emotions.{{Cite web |last=Stamberg |first=Susan |author-link=Susan Stamberg |date=March 16, 2017 |title=Composer Alan Menken On His Disney Tunes: 'I Prefer Them To Be Hummable' |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/03/16/520291393/composer-alan-menken-on-his-disney-tunes-i-prefer-them-to-be-hummable |access-date=March 28, 2024 |website=NPR}}

Menken described himself as a chameleon in terms of his composing process. When writing for Disney films in particular, he attempts to progress the story in a manner appropriate for each character and dramatic situation by gathering as much information as possible about the project before composing using a piano. His music his also created prior to the scripts and storyboards.{{Cite news |last=Wood |first=Patrick |date=April 17, 2017 |title=Anatomy of a Disney musical: Composer reveals process of creating iconic songs |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-04-17/disney-composer-reveals-secrets-to-creating-iconic-songs/8447738 |access-date=February 27, 2025 |work=Australian Broadcasting Corporation}} Menken records his own demos using either a straight piano-vocal or piano-vocal-MIDI orchestral arrangement. He maintains that there is little value in writing music that does not elicit strong emotional responses from listeners. Apple Music said the composer's work is "Rich with the tones, colors, and textures that help viewers feel those big moments deep in their hearts".{{Cite web |title=Alan Menken Essentials |url=https://music.apple.com/us/playlist/alan-menken-essentials/pl.71831198e6de4d1683131abb1e6db14f |access-date=February 27, 2025 |website=Apple Music}} Although he rarely orchestrates or conducts his own work, he produces his film's soundtracks and remains in the control room during recording sessions. Menken has written with numerous lyricists throughout his career, his most famous collaboration remaining his songwriting partnership with Ashman, despite having worked together for a relatively short period of time. He initially wrote both music and lyrics and considers himself to be a strong lyricist, but decided to focus on composing upon meeting ashman. He said he enjoys working with different lyricists because "they reflect different dimensions of my career". Lyricist and frequent collaborator Glenn Slater said Menken is arguably "the greatest melodist that we've had in the theatre and the film world for the past 30 years".

Steve Hochman of Grammy.com said Menken "ranks among the top composers in film and theater", writing, "his music is part of the DNA of several generations of children and parents alike".{{Cite web |last=Hochman |first=Steve |date=December 3, 2014 |title=GRAMMY Hall Of Fame Inspirations: Alan Menken |url=https://www.grammy.com/news/grammy-hall-of-fame-inspirations-alan-menken |access-date=March 28, 2024 |website=Grammy Awards}} In 2024, Katcy Stephan of Variety said he "he remains one of the industry’s most sought-after songwriters".{{Cite news |last=Stephan |first=Katcy |date=December 20, 2024 |title=Alan Menken Knows He Wrote the 'Soundtrack to Your Childhood' |url=https://variety.com/2024/film/features/alan-menken-career-retrospective-disney-songs-1236255835/ |access-date=February 27, 2025 |work=Variety}} Playbill's Logan Culwell-Block described Menken as "one of musical theatre’s most prolific composers—but what puts him in an elite class is not the quantity of his output, but its quality". According to Jeff Bond of The Hollywood Reporter, Menken is largely responsible for redefining the musical genre for a contemporary audience both in film and on stage, calling him "one of film music’s most versatile craftspeople".{{Cite news |last=Bond |first=Jeff |date=December 21, 2022 |title=How Alan Menken Transformed Movie Music |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/alan-menken-movie-music-little-mermaid-beauty-and-the-beast-1235282892/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |work=The Hollywood Reporter}} Phil Sweetland of American Songwriter credited Menken's work for Disney with preserving musical theater after the genre had fallen into decline following the Golden Age of musicals, before its resurgence in the 1990s and early 2000s.{{Cite news |last=Sweetland |first=Phil |date=November 4, 2020 |title=Alan Menken: Disney's Film Music Superstar |url=https://americansongwriter.com/alan-menken-disneys-film-music-superstar/ |access-date=February 26, 2025 |work=American Songwriter}} However, King observed that, despite his achievements, Menken's work is often overlooked and dismissed due to his affiliation with animation and children's entertainment. Menken himself has said he dislikes writing specifically for children, despite the target audience of much of his best-known projects, and credits Ashman with teaching him not to write directly to children.{{Cite news |last=Culwell-Block |first=Logan |date=March 20, 2024 |title=Alan Menken Shares the Secret to Decades of Success on Broadway With Disney |url=https://playbill.com/article/alan-menken-shares-the-secret-to-decades-of-success-on-broadway-with-disney |access-date=February 26, 2025 |work=Playbill}} Menken explained that "I never write for kids ... I write for myself. I want to tell a story. I want to make those kids feel like I felt when I saw those earlier movies". His work has influenced a generation of songwriters across film and stage.{{Cite news |last=Scheps |first=Leigh |date=March 31, 2023 |title=How Alan Menken, Disney's Most Prolific Composer, Inspired a Generation of Songwriters |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2023/03/alan-menken-disney-composer-inspired-a-generation-of-songwriters |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331155109/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2023/03/alan-menken-disney-composer-inspired-a-generation-of-songwriters |archive-date=March 31, 2023 |access-date=March 26, 2024 |work=Vanity Fair}} Menken has noted his influence on songwriters and musicians such as Benj Pasek, Justin Paul, Robert Lopez, Kristen Anderson-Lopez, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Elton John, and Sara Bareilles, although he maintains he does not have a specific protege. Although Lopez believes Menken can practically do anything, he possesses in particular "a God-given gift for a heartfelt emotional melody that will bring tears to your eyes".

Menken is an EGOT winner, having won at least one Emmy, Grammy, Oscar and Tony for his work.{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Sophia Alexandra |date=March 21, 2022 |title=Which film composers have won the most Academy Awards? |url=https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/which-composers-have-won-the-most-oscars/ |access-date=March 28, 2024 |website=Classic FM}}

Works

=Film=

class="wikitable"
style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"

! rowspan="2" style="width:33px;"|Year

! rowspan="2"|Title

! rowspan="2"|Director(s)

! colspan="4"|Credited as

! rowspan="2"|Notes

Composer

! Songwriter

! Score producer

! Actor

1972

| A Dancer's Life

| William Richert

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| Documentary film

1986

| Little Shop of Horrors

| Frank Oz

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed original and new songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman; score by Miles Goodman

1989

| The Little Mermaid

| John Musker
Ron Clements

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| First score for an animated film
Composed songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman

1990

| Rocky V

| John G. Avildsen

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed song "Measure of a Man"; score by Bill Conti

1991

| Beauty and the Beast

| Gary Trousdale
Kirk Wise

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman

rowspan="3"| 1992

| Newsies

| Kenny Ortega

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by Jack Feldman; score by J.A.C. Redford

Home Alone 2: Lost in New York

| Chris Columbus

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed song "My Christmas Tree" with lyrics by Jack Feldman; score by John Williams

Aladdin

| John Musker
Ron Clements

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman & Tim Rice

1993

| Life with Mikey

| James Lapine

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

|Composed songs "Cold Enough to Snow" and "Life with Mikey Theme" with lyrics by Stephen Schwartz & Jack Feldman

1995

| Pocahontas

| Mike Gabriel
Eric Goldberg

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| rowspan="2"| Composed songs with lyrics by Stephen Schwartz

1996

| The Hunchback of Notre Dame

| Gary Trousdale
Kirk Wise

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

1997

| Hercules

| John Musker
Ron Clements

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by David Zippel

rowspan="2"| 2004

| Home on the Range

| Will Finn
John Sanford

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by Glenn Slater

Noel

| Chazz Palminteri

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

|Composed song "Winter Light" with lyrics by Stephen Schwartz

2006

| The Shaggy Dog

| Brian Robbins

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

|

2007

| Enchanted

| Kevin Lima

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by Stephen Schwartz

2010

| Tangled

| Byron Howard
Nathan Greno

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs with lyrics by Glenn Slater

rowspan="2"| 2011

| Captain America: The First Avenger

| Joe Johnston

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed "Star Spangled Man" with lyrics by David Zippel; score by Alan Silvestri

Jock the Hero Dog

| Duncan MacNeillie

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed song "Howling at the moon" with lyrics by Tim Rice; score by Klaus Badelt and Ian Honeyman

2012

| Mirror Mirror

| Tarsem Singh

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

|

rowspan="2"| 2016

| Sausage Party

| Conrad Vernon
Greg Tiernan

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Co-composer with Christopher Lennertz;
Composed song "The Great Beyond" with lyrics by Glenn Slater, Seth Rogen, Evan Goldberg, Ariel Shaffir and Kyle Hunter

Aria for a Cow

| Dan Lund

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Short film;
Composed song "Aria" with lyrics by Howard Ashman{{cite web |url=https://www.awn.com/news/dan-lund-animates-aria-cow |title=Dan Lund Animates 'Aria for a Cow' | Animation World Network |website=Awn.com |date=November 22, 2013 |access-date=March 1, 2020 |archive-date=August 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824032143/https://www.awn.com/news/dan-lund-animates-aria-cow |url-status=live }}

2017

| Beauty and the Beast

| Bill Condon

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Returned from the 1991 animated film
Composed original songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman;
Composed new songs with Tim Rice

rowspan="3"| 2018

| Ralph Breaks the Internet

| Rich Moore
Phil Johnston

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed songs "In This Place" and "A Place Called Slaughter Race" with lyrics by Phil Johnston & Tom MacDougall; score by Henry Jackman

Holmes & Watson

| Etan Cohen

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed song "Strange Sensation" with lyrics by Glenn Slater; score by Mark Mothersbaugh

Howard

| Don Hahn

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| Documentary film
Disney+ original film
Limited theatrical run in 2018; official release in 2020

2019

| Aladdin

| Guy Ritchie

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Returned to score from the 1992 animated film
Composed original songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman & Tim Rice; Composed new songs with lyrics by Benj Pasek & Justin Paul

2022

| Disenchanted

| Adam Shankman

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Disney+ original film
Returned from the 2007 film
Composed songs with lyrics by Stephen Schwartz{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/12/enchanted-sequel-disenchanted-going-to-disney-with-amy-adams-1234654455/|title='Disenchanted': 'Enchanted' Sequel With Amy Adams Going To Disney+|first=Anthony|last=D'Alessandro|website=Deadline Hollywood|date=December 10, 2020|access-date=December 30, 2020|archive-date=December 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211105957/https://deadline.com/2020/12/enchanted-sequel-disenchanted-going-to-disney-with-amy-adams-1234654455/|url-status=live}}

2023

| The Little Mermaid

| Rob Marshall

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Returned to score from the 1989 animated film
Composed original songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman; Composed new songs with lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda

2024

| Spellbound

| Vicky Jenson

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| Netflix original film
Composed songs with lyrics by Glenn Slater

= Television =

class="wikitable"
style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"

! rowspan="2" style="width:33px;"|Year

! rowspan="2"|Title

! colspan="5"|Credited as

! rowspan="2"|Notes

Composer

! Songwriter

! Score producer

! Executive producer

! Actor

1989–1990

| Sesame Street

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed "Grouchelot", "What is Friend?", "It's Gonna Get Dirty Again," "Snuffle Friends," "Martian Family (Yip Yip Song)," "Monster Up and Down", "Pond Full of Fish" and "Todos un Pueblo"

1989

| Polly

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Television film
Composed song "By Your Side" with lyrics by Jack Feldman; score by Joel McNeely

1990

| Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| TV special
Composed "Wonderful Ways to Say No" with lyrics by Howard Ashman; score by Richard Kosinski, Sam Winans, Paul Buckmaster, Bill Reichenbach, Bob Mann and Guy Moon

1992

| Lincoln

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Television film

2004

| A Christmas Carol

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Television film
Composed songs with lyrics by Lynn Ahrens; score by Michael Kosarin

2013

| The Neighbors

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Episode: "Sing Like a Larry Bird"
Composed "More or Less The Kind of Thing You May or May Not Possibly See on Broadway", "Giselle", "More or Less The Kind of Thing You May or May Not Possibly See on Broadway" (Reprise)

2015–2016

| Galavant

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| Composed complete soundtrack, score co-composed with Christopher Lennertz

2017

| Tangled: Before Ever After

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Television film
Disney Channel original film
Composed songs with lyrics by Glenn Slater; score by Kevin Kliesch

2017–2020

| Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure{{cite web|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/tv/news/663929-tangled-before-ever-after-adds-ashley-judd-jeffrey-tambor-more|title=Tangled: Before Ever After Adds More Voice Cast|date=March 8, 2016|access-date=March 28, 2016|archive-date=April 12, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412121951/http://www.comingsoon.net/tv/news/663929-tangled-before-ever-after-adds-ashley-judd-jeffrey-tambor-more|url-status=live}}

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Composed complete soundtrack, score composed by Kevin Kliesch

2019

| The Little Mermaid Live!

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| TV special
Composed original songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman; Composed new songs with lyrics by Glenn Slater

2020

| Central Park

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Episode: "Dog Spray Afternoon"
Composed song "Spoiler Alert" with lyrics by Glenn Slater

2021

|The Falcon and the Winter Soldier

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| Episode: "The Star-Spangled Man"
Composed "Star Spangled Man" with lyrics by David Zippel for Captain America: The First Avenger; score by Henry Jackman

2022

| Beauty and the Beast: A 30th Celebration

| {{yes}}

| {{yes}}

| {{no}}

| {{no}}

| {{yes}}

| TV special
Composed original songs with lyrics by Howard Ashman; Composed new songs with lyrics by Tim Rice

=Theater=

{{colbegin}}

  • Dear Worthy Editor (Off-Broadway, {{circa|1974}})
  • : Book by Judy Menken
  • :Based on the letters-to-the-editor of Jewish-American newspaper Daily Jewish Forward
  • Kurt Vonnegut's God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater (Off-Broadway, 1979)
  • : Lyrics by Howard Ashman and Dennis Green
  • : Based on a 1965 novel by Kurt Vonnegut
  • The Dream on Royal Street (Regional, 1981)
  • : Lyrics by David Rogers
  • : Based on Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream
  • Little Shop of Horrors (Off-Broadway, 1982; West End, 1983; Broadway, 2003)
  • : Lyrics by Ashman
  • : Based on the 1960 black comedy film
  • Weird Romance (Off-Broadway, 1992)Gussow, Mel. [https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/23/theater/review-theater-nearby-science-fiction-in-a-musical-of-2-parts.html "Review/Theater; Nearby Science Fiction In a Musical of 2 Parts"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702210056/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/23/theater/review-theater-nearby-science-fiction-in-a-musical-of-2-parts.html |date=July 2, 2017 }}, The New York Times, June 23, 1992
  • : Lyrics by David Spencer
  • : Two one-act musical: Based on "Her Pilgrim Soul" and "The Girl Who Was Plugged In"
  • Beauty and the Beast (Broadway, 1994; West End, 1997)
  • : Lyrics by Ashman and Tim Rice
  • : Based on the 1991 Disney film
  • A Christmas Carol (Madison Square Garden, 1994–2003)
  • : Lyrics by Lynn Ahrens
  • : Based on 1843 novella by Charles Dickens
  • King David (Broadway, 1997)
  • : Lyrics by Rice
  • : Based on the Biblical books of Samuel, 1 Chronicles and Psalms
  • Der Glöckner von Notre Dame (Berlin, 1999)
  • : Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz
  • : Based on the Disney film and the 1831 novel by Victor Hugo
  • The Little Mermaid (Broadway, 2008)
  • : Lyrics by Ashman and Glenn Slater
  • : Based on the Disney film
  • Sister Act (West End, 2009; Broadway, 2011)
  • : Lyrics by Slater
  • : Based on the 1992 comedy film
  • Leap of Faith (Broadway, 2012)
  • : Lyrics by Slater
  • : Based on the 1992 film
  • Newsies (Paper Mill Playhouse, 2011; Broadway, 2012)
  • : Lyrics by Jack Feldman
  • : Based on the 1992 film
  • Aladdin (Seattle, 2011; Broadway, 2014)
  • : Lyric by Ashman, Rice and Chad Beguelin
  • : Based on the 1992 film
  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame (La Jolla Playhouse, 2014)
  • : Lyrics by Schwartz
  • : Based on the 1996 film and the 1831 novel by Victor Hugo
  • The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz (Montreal, 2015)
  • : Lyrics by Spencer
  • : Based on the 1959 novel by Mordecai Richler
  • A Bronx Tale: The Musical (Broadway, 2016)
  • : Lyrics by Slater
  • : Based on the 1990 autobiographical one-man play by Chazz PalminteriGans, Andrew. [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/de-niro-and-zaks-pick-jason-gotay-nick-cordero-richard-h.-blake-to-star-in-bronx-tale-the-musical-376091 "De Niro and Zaks Pick Jason Gotay, Nick Cordero, Richard H. Blake to Star in 'Bronx Tale: The Musical'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419070000/https://playbill.com/news/article/de-niro-and-zaks-pick-jason-gotay-nick-cordero-richard-h.-blake-to-star-in-bronx-tale-the-musical-376091 |date=April 19, 2021 }}, Playbill, December 18, 2015
  • Hercules (Central Park, 2019){{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/hercules-theater-review-can-disneys-animated-hero-go-the-distance-to-broadway/|title='Hercules' Theater Review: Can Disney's Animated Hero Go the Distance to Broadway?|website=The Wrap|first=Thom|last=Geier|date=September 2, 2019|access-date=September 2, 2019|archive-date=February 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204032328/https://www.thewrap.com/hercules-theater-review-can-disneys-animated-hero-go-the-distance-to-broadway/|url-status=live}}
  • : Lyrics by David Zippel
  • : Based on the 1997 Disney film

{{colend}}

=Other=

Awards and nominations

{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Alan Menken}}

Alan Menken has received eight Academy Awards (and nineteen nominations), becoming the second most prolific Oscar winner in the music categories after Alfred Newman (who has 9 Oscars), eleven Grammy Awards (and twenty-four nominations), one Tony Award (and four nominations), and one Daytime Emmy Award. He has also received seven Golden Globe Awards (and sixteen nominations), one Drama Desk Award (and five nominations), and three Outer Critics Circle Awards. Four of Menken's songs have won both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and a Grammy Award in a songwriting category (either Song of the Year or Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television).{{Cite news |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=May 15, 2017 |title=Adele to Eminem: GRAMMY- and Oscar-winning songs |url=https://www.grammy.com/news/double-play-grammy-and-oscar-winning-songs |access-date=February 27, 2025 |work=Grammy Awards}}

He was made a Disney Legend in 2002 and was the recipient of a Richard Kirk Career Achievement Award in 1998, a Freddie G. Award for Musical Excellence in 2013, and The Oscar Hammerstein Award in 2013, among others.

The American Film Institute included the title song from the film Beauty and the Beast, in the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs. Five other songs from his Disney films were nominated:

In 2006, AFI listed its 25 greatest movie musicals, with Beauty and the Beast (1991) ranked 22nd. It is the only animated musical film on the list. Four of his other film musicals were also nominated:{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/musicals_ballot.pdf|title=AFI's GREATEST MOVIE MUSICALS|access-date=February 23, 2018|archive-date=January 12, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112112235/http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/musicals_ballot.pdf|url-status=live}}

In 2019, Menken finally accepted the Razzie Award for Worst Original Song he won at the 13th Golden Raspberry Awards (1993) for "High Times, Hard Times" from Newsies (1992), becoming the first person to win a Razzie and Oscar in the same year.{{Citation|title=Alan Menken Humbly Accepts His Razzie!| date=March 10, 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTreDSnKE4Q |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/cTreDSnKE4Q| archive-date=December 12, 2021 |url-status=live|language=en|access-date=March 21, 2020}}{{cbignore}}{{Cite web|url=http://razzies.com/|title=The Razzies!|website=The Razzies!|language=en|access-date=March 21, 2020|archive-date=January 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118062849/http://www.razzies.com/|url-status=live}} Menken wrote the music for the song, and shared the award with lyricist Jack Feldman.

In 2020, Menken reached EGOT status when he won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Original Song in a Children's, Young Adult or Animated Program for co-writing the song "Waiting in the Wings" for Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure.{{cite web|last=Montgomery|first=Daniel|url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2020/alan-menken-egot-daytime-emmys/|title=Alan Menken is 16th person to achieve EGOT with his Daytime Emmy win for 'Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure'|website=Gold Derby|date=July 26, 2020|access-date=July 27, 2020|archive-date=January 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128030615/https://www.goldderby.com/article/2020/alan-menken-egot-daytime-emmys/|url-status=live}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • [https://archive.today/20071019222323/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9112996 Disney Biography of Menken]
  • {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019222323/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9112996 |date=October 19, 2007 |title=Menken, Alan. }} Britannica Book of the Year, 1997. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved September 6, 2007.
  • [http://www.theartsdesk.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1506:alan-menken-interview&Itemid=80 Interview with Alan Menken], theartsdesk.com. Posted May 16, 2010.